Rb-Sr Isotope Dating of Neoproterozoic (Malani Group) Magmatism from Southwest Rajasthan, India: Evidence of Younger Pan-African Thermal Event by Ar-Ar Studies

This paper reports Rb-Sr isotope ages of the Neoproterozoic volcanics, and associated granitoids of the trans-Aravalli belt of northwestern India. All these rocks along with the earlier reported 779±10 Ma old felsic volcanics from Diri, and Gurapratap Singh of Pali district, Rajasthan, constitute the Malani Group. The study indicates that different rock suites belonging to the Malani Group represent a polyphase igneous activity which spanned for about 100 Ma ranging from 780 to 680 Ma. The granitoids of the Malani Group, i.e. peraluminous Jalore type, and peralkaline Siwana type, were emplaced around 730, and 700 Ma ago, respectively. These plutonic suites represent two different magmatic episodes within a short time interval. The initial Sr ratios of these granitoids suggest lower crustal derivation of the magma. The peralkaline granitoids, and the associated peralkaline rhyolites (pantellerites) are coeval, and cogenetic. The ultrapotassic rhyolite exposed at Manihari of Pali district represents the youngest magmatic activity at 681±20 Ma, having a very high initial Sr ratio of 0.7135±0.0033. The high initial Sr ratio of these rocks may be due to incorporation of radiogenic ⁸⁷Sr from the country rock, by assimilation or fusion, into the residual fraction of the magma in the crust which gave rise to other differentiated rocks of the Group.⁴⁰Ar³⁹Ar studies of two Jalore granite samples indicate presence of post crystallisation thermal disturbance between 500550 Ma ago. The timing of this thermal overprinting on the Malani rocks is related to the widespread Pan-African thermo-tectonic event which is witnessed, and magmatically manifested in different part of the Indian shield.     

熊耳山下元古界片麻岩岩石地球化学及成因

熊耳山片麻岩中最基性的样品可近似代表其原岩,很有可能直接来源于地幔熔融的玄武质岩浆,在伸展构造环境下侵入地壳,从而促使部分地壳物质也发生部分熔融,形成中性-酸性岩浆岩,经历变质作用形成片麻岩。片麻岩的地球化学特征暗示华北克拉通南缘在早元古代仍存在一定程度的陆壳增生。     

东昆仑地区纳赤台群碎屑岩段碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

纳赤台群是东昆仑造山带中段出露的构造混杂岩的重要组成部分,对纳赤台群碎屑岩段的地层时代及物质来源进行限定,可以为恢复和反演东昆仑早古生代的构造格局提供依据。前人多认为纳赤台群的地层时代为奥陶纪或奥陶纪—志留纪,但是志留纪、二叠纪甚至新生代的观点也同时存在。通过对纳赤台群碎屑岩段进行碎屑锆石年龄研究,得到最年轻的锆石年龄538±10Ma,结合侵入其中的英云闪长岩体的年龄为427.7Ma,将纳赤台群碎屑岩的沉积时代限定于538~427Ma之间,另外由于纳赤台群特殊的演化意义,结合沙松乌拉组和赛什腾组的地层时代,将纳赤台群碎屑岩的地层时代确定为奥陶纪,并认为有可能延伸至早志留世。得到的碎屑锆石年龄谱显示约2450Ma、约1100Ma、约980Ma、约810Ma、约650Ma五个明显峰值,结合纳赤台群碎屑岩近源堆积的特征,将得到的锆石年龄与东昆仑及邻区出露的老地层和岩体时代进行比对,推测白沙河岩组、小庙群、万宝沟群及新元古代早期在东昆仑地区形成的中酸性岩体为其可能物源。将得到的锆石年龄与各期重大构造-岩浆事件在昆仑造山带留下的地质记录进行对比,推测认为,纳赤台群碎屑岩的源区存在太古宙结晶基底,并经历了古元古代早期构造-岩浆事件、中元古代晚期构造-岩浆事件(格林威尔运动)和新元古代早期构造-岩浆事件。     

内蒙古乌拉山群麻粒岩相岩石中变质矿物的标型特征

晚太古宙乌拉山群高级变质岩系分布于内蒙古大青山地区,包括各种麻粒岩和片麻岩,构成了东西走向的大青山太古宙麻粒岩带。本文对这套岩石中的斜方辉石、单斜辉石、石榴子石、角闪石、黑云母的物性和成分标型特征进行了系统分析。结果表明,这些矿物均为麻粒岩相条件下变质而成,并反映在发生麻粒岩相变质时,大青山南麓乌拉山群岩石的变质温度和压力均高于北边的岩石。     

赣中周潭群变质岩中石榴石的演化史及其地质意义

周潭群变质岩系中石榴石、十字石和黑云母微区化学成分变化明显,石榴石变斑晶具典型的生长环带,由晶体中心向两侧边缘XMg,XFe值递增,XCa,XMn值递减,反映增温过程,晶体最边缘的化学成分反映变质峰期的温度条件。变质岩系经历了角闪岩相变质作用,划分为3个变质阶段。各阶段石榴石的分布、形态、矿物组合、化学成分及其成因条件存在一定差异。通过成因矿物学的系统研究,确定本区变质岩系石榴石的结晶生长演化史及变晶变形序列。     

The microarea composition of garnet and biotite from the Ji’an Group in Tonghua district and its significance as an indicator of metamorphicP-T-t path

The garnet (Grt) and biotite (Bt) from gneisses of the Ji’an Group are characterized by diffusion zoning at the rim, but equilibrium composition of metamorphic peak is usually remained in extensive interior area. Garnet with growth zoning is also found in the kyanite zone. In the light of microarea compositional variation of Grt and Bt, the temperature and pressure at the progressive, peak and post-peak metamorphic stages are determined by correctly using Grt-Bt thermometer and GASP barometer. On this basis, a counterclockwiseP-T-t path can be constructed, which reflects the closing process of an ensialic rift belt in this region during the Early Proterozoic. The project was financially supported by the State Educational Commission Ph. D. Station Foundation (No. 96018702).     

江西贵溪毫纲山剖面原罗塘组的研究及其意义

分析了江西贵溪毫纲山剖面原罗塘组红色碎屑岩系的沉积特征、化石特征及时代意义 ,讨论了岩石地层划分及其命名。原罗塘组是一个完整沉积旋回的产物 ,其地质时代属早白垩世晚期 -晚白垩世早期 ,它不能与弋阳盆地的周家店组对比 ,也不能与赣州盆地的赣州组或“赣州群”对比。建议将罗塘组升组为群 ,并根据岩性岩相特征进一步划分为白埠组、周田组和邓家组。     

白云鄂博陆缘裂谷系沉积物源与超大型稀土矿床含矿白云岩的成因探讨

白云鄂博群尖山组H4岩性段石英砂岩中的碎屑锆石年龄纪录了华北克拉通北缘两期重要的构造岩浆事件,一组年龄集中在新太古代—古元古代初期(2379～2596Ma),另一组年龄集中在古元古代晚期(1761～1946Ma),该结果与白云鄂博地区基底岩石的锆石年龄相吻合。白云鄂博群沉积碳酸盐岩的全岩207Pb-206Pb等时线年龄1649±45Ma,代表了白云鄂博群的沉积时代。白云鄂博地区沉积灰岩、白云岩与含矿白云岩的Pb同位素组成存在非常大的差异,在Pb同位素组成和构造图解中,含矿白云岩都集中在地幔演化线附近,靠近亏损地幔端元[(206Pb/204Pb)i=15.04～16.49,(207Pb/204Pb)i=15.17～15.28,(208Pb/204Pb)i=31.20～36.40],而白云鄂博群中的灰岩、白云岩则位于造山带演化线附近,靠近深海沉积物端元[(206Pb/204Pb)i=17.28～19.35,(207Pb/204Pb)i=15.47～15.69,(208Pb/204Pb)i=36.62～37.12]。     

对闽西北盖洋群划分及时代归属的新认识 ——以明溪盖洋地区为例

分布于南平—宁化构造—岩浆岩带上的一套浅变质火山岩系，黄泉祯等将其划分为楼前组、三溪寨组、龙头组，统称为盖洋群，时代置晚震旦世。经1：5万区域地质调查详细研究及古火山构造恢复，依据层序、岩性组合及其变化，从火山作用特点分析，盖洋群属同一地质构造背景下火山活动的产物，从早到晚整体构成了一个较为完整的由强至弱的火山—沉积喷发旋回，因此，笔者将盖洋群分为2个组，分别称楼前组、龙头组，并据新的同位素年龄等资料，将其时代分别置于南华纪及震旦纪。     

湘东北中元古代冷家溪群的解体及其地质意义

近年来1：5万和1：25万区域地质调查研究发现，湘东北地区原中元古代冷家溪群实际上包含了时代更老的不同构造环境的物质建造，其应予以解体，分离出基本无序的变质沉积-火山岩系，使之与区域上中元古代冷家溪群原有的基本属性能对比。根据对这些变质沉积-火山岩系的岩石组合、岩石学、同位素年代学等研究，初步厘定出“涧溪冲岩群”、“仓溪岩群”和“连云山杂岩”3个群级构造-岩石地层单位，属绿片岩-角闪岩相，其原岩形成地质时代是新太古-古元古代。