Grain-size characteristics of sediments formed since 8600 yr B.P. in middle reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet and their paleoenvironmental significance

Widespread aeolian sediments have been found in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, China. The grain-size characteristics of sediments from Cha'er Section in the area were analyzed. The results show that the section include one stratum of paleo-mobile dunes, four strata of paleo-semi-fixed dunes, two strata of paleo-fixed dunes, one stratum of sandy immature soils. The paleo-mobile and paleo-somi-fixed dune sand in this section are similar to modern aeolian sand in either grain-size composition or Mz and σ distribution. Compared the above types of dunes each other, the content of sand substance decreases, while the content of silt and clay increases for palco-fixed dunes and sandy immature soils. Combined with age data for each stratum, the analysis shows that these strata are the products of climate changes and the evolution of aeolian landforms. The evolutionary sequence of the paleoclimate and of acolian activities in the valley since 8600 yr B.P. reveals four stages: 8600-5700 yr B.P., when the paleoclimate was cold and dry, with strong winds, thereby activating dunes; 5700-3600 yr B.P., when it was warm and wet, with weak winds, causing dunes to undergo soil-forming processes; 3600-1900 yr B.P., when climate shifted from cold-dry with strong winds to warm-wet with weak winds, and activated dunes were fixed again; and 1900 yr B.P. -present, when the climate became fine, with weak winds, fixing dunes again.     

腾格里沙漠南缘末次间冰期5e亚段的微量元素特征及其反映的古气候

腾格里沙漠南缘土门剖面TMS5e层段由16层风成砂、11层湖积黄土和5层湖相沉积构成,其年代相当于深海氧同位素5e。分析结果表明,TMS5e的10种微量元素的含量依次为PMnSrRbVCrZnNiCuNb。就平均值来看,古流动沙丘砂的各微量元素含量最低,其次为古半固定-固定沙丘砂,但两者的各微量元素含量都明显低于整个TMS5e层段相应平均值;黄土状亚砂土微量元素含量稍低于整个TMS5e层段相应平均值;湖相沉积和湖积黄土的各微量元素含量相差较小,且明显都高于整个TMS5e层段、古流动沙丘砂和黄土状亚砂土的平均值。土门剖面TMS5e层段的微量元素指示的MIS5e腾格里沙漠南缘的气候是不稳定的,经历了14.5次暖湿与冷干交替的气候波动,且可划分为TMS5e5(139~129.30ka BP)、TMS5e4(129.30~124ka BP)、TMS5e3(124~119.50ka BP)、TMS5e2(119.5~116.5ka BP)和TMS5e1(116.5~113.70ka BP)等5个亚段,分别可与格陵兰GRIP冰芯氧同位素所反映的MIS5e5、MIS5e4、MIS5e3、MIS5e2、MIS5e1等气候波动在性质和相位上相对应。     

闽江福州段支流污染负荷研究

借助地理信息系统对闽江福州段进行流域划分,通过污染源数据的调查和分析,在流域层面上进行了污染负荷研究．研究以COD、NH3-N为主要指标,计算各子流域污染负荷,并确定其主要来源和比例关系．结果表明：闽江流域福州段COD入河总量为9371．75t,NH3-N入河总量为992．63t,工业源与城镇生活源是主要污染源．市区内河是污染最严重的子流域,COD、NH3-N的入河量占流域总负荷的34。4％与61．3％．市区内河、闽江干流北港段、磨溪等流域水体受到各种点源污染的影响,而梅溪干流、大樟溪干流等流域水体则主要受到非点源污染的影响．     

湘江岳阳段沉积物重金属污染特征及其初步生态风险评估

分析了湘江岳阳段表层沉积物样品中10种典型重金属元素(Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Tl、V、Mn、Co和Ni)的含量水平和分布规律,并采用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法,初步评价了沉积物中重金属污染状况和潜在生态风险。研究结果表明:(1)湘江岳阳段沉积物中重金属Cd、Zn、Mn和Cu等污染较为严重,其含量范围分别为8.56～19.4 mg/kg、250～367 mg/kg、1489～2258 mg/kg和40.5～64.7 mg/kg;(2)研究区域中多种重金属潜在生态风险指数(RI)为369～698,表明研究区域沉积物重金属污染导致的潜在生态风险高,且主要风险污染物为Cd和Tl;(3)湘江岳阳段沉积物呈现出以Cd为主的多种重金属复合污染特征。     

全球寒武系第4阶国际层型剖面及点位(GSSP)研究的进展

赵元龙研究团队以贵州剑河交榜杷榔组剖面为依据,结合其下变马冲组及其上“清虚洞组”于2010年起进行了长达10多年的寒武系第4阶地层、层序地层、碳硫同位素等学科的研究,取得了明显的进展,建立了3个三叶虫带及1个三叶虫层位、2个疑源类组合带,初步确定首现于杷榔组底部的Oryctocerella duyunensis为第4阶首现三叶虫。疑源类、碳硫同位素等变化曲线与此基本一致。并与北格林兰Henson Gletscher地层进行了对比,将视剑河交榜杷榔组剖面为潜在的寒武系第4阶国际层型剖面及点位(GSSP),将继续进行深入研究。     

哀牢山北段金矿成矿地质条件

哀牢山北段发现诸多金矿,其中,以接触蚀变带型、破碎带蚀变岩型、火山碎屑岩型为主,构造及超基性岩控制金成矿,硅化、黄铁矿化、铬云母化为找矿标志。     

湖北省巴东新城白土坡斜坡岩体稳定性分析

巴东组第三段是三峡库区滑坡发育的主要地层之一,巴东新城深部变形监测钻孔岩芯分析表明在巴东组第三段地层中发育有多层软弱夹层,以泥质灰岩、钙质泥岩为主,大部分破碎带具有顺层、连续等特点。白土坡斜坡岩体中主要贯通性夹层有13层,中上部夹层分布较密,西壤坡斜坡岩体中主要贯通性夹层有3层,与白土坡巴东组第三段下部夹层对应,巴东组第三段中的软弱夹层是斜坡深层岩体的主要结构面。白土坡深层岩体稳定性分析结果表明随着库水位的上升斜坡稳定性有下降趋势,但其整体稳定性较好,白土坡前缘断层为斜坡深层变形提供了边界条件。     

利用Excel VBA自动绘制物化探平剖图

提出在Excel VBA平台,结合Active X技术,自动实现平剖面图的数据整理及Surfer成图,应用于云南中甸铅锌矿数据成图工作,取得满意效果。     

A diagnostic calculation of the circulation in the upper and middle layers of the Luzon Strait and the northern South China Sea during March 1992

Wind data from NCEP and hydrographic data obtained during 8–27 March 1992 have been used to compute circulation in the Luzon Strait and the northern South China Sea using three-dimensional diagnostic models with a modified inverse method. Numerical results are as follows: the main Kuroshio is located above 800 m levels. It has two intrusive branches of the Kuroshio in the areas above 400 m. One part intrudes anti-cyclonically northwestward, then flows through the area above 200 m southwest of Taiwan and into the Taiwan Strait. The other part intrudes westward and flows cyclonically in the areas north of the cyclonic eddies, then flows southward through the southern boundary of the region. The net westward volume transport (VT) through Section at 120°15′E between Luzon Island and Taiwan Island is about 3.0 Sv, net northward VT through northern boundaries into the Taiwan Strait is about 1.4 Sv and net southward VT through southern boundaries is about 1.6 Sv, which finally flows into the Karimata and Mindoro Straits. In the areas above 400 m east of 117°15′E, the circulation is mainly dominated by the basin-scale cyclonic gyre, which consists of two cyclonic eddies. However, in the areas below 400 m east of 119°00′E, the circulation is mainly dominated by basin-scale anti-cyclonic gyre. The joint effect of baroclinity and relief and interaction between wind stress and relief are important in different area respectively for the pattern of the depth-averaged flow across contours of fH⁻¹.     

昆河新线玉蒙段工程地质问题及对策

昆河新线玉蒙段的主要工程地质问题是地震及活动断裂、膨胀土、软土、砂土液化、岩溶、不良斜坡及特殊岩土等,对铁路工程影响很大。文章论述沿线存在的主要地质问题,提出相应的工程措施建议。