Standing stock of phytoplankton and primary productivity in Penaeus orientalis larval multiplication releasing area of the Xiangshan Bay

INTRODUCTIONTheXiangshanBayisoneoftheimportantmarineaquaculturebasesinZhejiang.Since1982,themultiplicationreleasingexperimentsofPenaeusorzentalisKishinouyelarvalhavebeencarriedoutinthebay.Thestudyonthephytoplankton,chlaconcentrationandproductivityandthelifepatternofreleasedlarvaeprawnintheXiangshanBayisoneoftheimportanttasksoftheNationalKeyProject--AquaticExploitationTechniqueResearchinLakesandHarbors.TherearemanylargebaysandharborsalongChina'scoast,butonlyafewobservationshavebeend…     

赣中相山铀矿田基底变质岩原岩恢复及其形成环境

微古化石资料和前人研究表明,相山铀矿田基底变质岩原岩时代为新元古代青白口纪。文章通过野外地质调查和系统采样对这套变质岩的原岩组成和形成环境进行了分析。大部分变质碎屑岩样品以中等Si O2含量、高的K2O/Na2O值和较高的Fe2O3T+Mg O及低的Ca O含量为特征。所有样品的稀土元素具有∑REE总量较大、轻稀土富集和Eu亏损的特征。稀土元素分布模式图解中各样品的总体组成模式相当接近,稀土配分型式为右倾式,与后太古宙页岩和上地壳相似。西蒙南图解和涅洛夫图解表明,神山组原岩主要为复矿物砂岩和长石砂岩,库里组原岩主要为石英岩质砂岩及长石砂岩;上施组原岩主要为长石砂岩及少量硅质泥灰岩、泥质砂岩。结合变余构造特征分析认为,这套变质碎屑岩形成于滨浅海—陆棚沉积环境。所有样品中Th/Sc比值变化范围较小(0.5~1.1),而Zr/Sc比值变化范围较大(8~24),揭示了变质岩源区成分复杂,可能经过多次沉积循环。在Th-Sc-Zr/10和La-Th-Sc图解中,大部分数据落入大陆岛弧区,说明该套岩石可能沉积于靠近大陆岛弧的相关盆地。Hf-La/Th图解表明,原岩的物源大部分来源于古老地层的抬升剥蚀,酸性岛弧源区仅占少数,说明其沉积时期岩浆活动并不明显,而物源区伴有构造隆升,结合地化特征分析推测赣中相山基底变质岩原岩形成于华夏地块与扬子板块后碰撞伸展环境下的残留海盆。     

A Numerical Study of Tidal Asymmetry： Preferable Asymmetry of Nonlinear Mechanisms in Xiangshan Bay,East China Sea

In-situ measurements in Xiangshan Bay, the East China Sea, show that the duration of the rising tide is shorter than that of the falling tide around the bay mouth, while it becomes much longer in the inner bay. A finite volume coastal ocean model（FVCOM） with an unstructured mesh was applied to simulate the asymmetric tidal field of Xiangshan Bay. The model reproduced the observed tidal elevations and currents successfully. Several numerical experiments were conducted to clarify the roles of primary mechanisms underlying the asymmetric tidal field. According to the model results, the time-varying channel depth and nonlinear advection prefer shorter duration of the rising tide in Xiangshan Bay, while the time-varying bay width favors longer duration of the rising tide. The overtides generated by these two opposite types of nonlinear mechanisms are out of phase, resulting in smaller M4 amplitude than the sumfold of each individual contribution. Although the bottom friction as a nonlinear mechanism contributes little to the generation of overtide M4, it is regarded as a mechanism that could cause a shorter duration of the rising tide, for it can slow down the M2 phase speed much more than it slows down the M4 phase speed. The time-varying depth, nonlinear advection and bottom friction are dominating factors around the bay mouth, while the time-varying width dominates in the inner bay, causing the tidal elevation asymmetry to be inverted along the bay.     

江西相山铀矿田河元背地区流纹斑岩地球化学、锆石U Pb年龄及Hf Sr Nd同位素特征

在江西相山铀矿田河元背地区实施的CUSD3钻孔,发现其深部存在晚期侵入到打鼓顶组流纹英安岩、凝灰岩、泥质粉砂岩中的流纹斑岩。利用激光等离子质谱分析技术(LA ICP MS)测得流纹斑岩的锆石206Pb/238U年龄为(1318±07)Ma (MSWD=041),晚于前人所测的鹅湖岭组碎斑流纹岩年龄。该流纹斑岩具有高硅、富钾、铝过饱和等特点,还表现出高场强元素Rb、Th、U、La、Ce、Nd和LREE富集,Ba、Nb、Sr、P、Ti等元素亏损以及δEu明显负异常的特点。锆石的εHf(t)值介于 -677~-1038之间,对应的二阶段Hf模式年龄TDMC介于1 619~1 846 Ma,岩石的ISr值为0710 92~0712 01,εNd(t)值为-818~-919。其稀土元素、微量元素分布模式及同位素特征与前人报道的碎斑流纹岩特征类似,暗示流纹斑岩与碎斑流纹岩具有相同的物质来源。以上特征说明河元背地区流纹斑岩形成于早白垩世造山运动碰撞后伸展阶段,为深部硅铝质地壳部分熔融的产物。相山西部流纹斑岩的发现,可以推测该区或许存在一个次级火山机构。     

江西相山铀矿田燕山期岩浆活动的多阶段性及其意义

相山铀矿田是我国最大的火山岩型铀矿田,区域内主要出露有碎斑熔岩、流纹英安岩、花岗斑岩等火山岩—潜火山岩。前人对这三种岩浆岩进行了较为详尽的年代学研究。近年来随着相山西部深部钻探的开展,发现钻孔中由上至下出现‘碎斑熔岩—流纹英安岩—碎斑熔岩’的现象,现有的年代学结果还不能给予合理的解释。为此,我们对相山西部典型钻孔中的上下两层碎斑熔岩及其间的流纹英安岩,以及相山北部和西部钻孔中的三个花岗斑岩样品进行了详细的年代学研究,结果显示,流纹英安岩的锆石206Pb/238 U加权平均年龄为139.7±1.0Ma,碎斑熔岩（上层）的加权平均年龄为135.3±0.9Ma,碎斑熔岩（下层）的加权平均年龄为129.9±0.9Ma,不同地点的三个花岗斑岩样品的加权平均年龄分别为125.4±1.0Ma, 134.4±1.3Ma,148.8±2.3Ma,结合上下两层碎斑熔岩的镜下特征,认为下层碎斑熔岩是在上层碎斑熔岩形成后沿流纹英安岩之下的凝灰岩接触面超浅层侵入形成,从而在剖面上显示出“上老下新”的特征。这些结果表明相山燕山期岩浆活动持续时间较长（长达约24Ma）,为成矿有利因素,而不是前人认为的相山燕山期岩浆活动是一次短暂而集中的活动。对相山火山—侵入杂岩锆石的Hf同位素研究表明,各岩石样品的锆石εHf(t)值相近,分布在-10.6~-4.9之间,锆石的Hf模式年龄TDM2介于1478~1844Ma之间,本研究认为相山火山—侵入杂岩体可能起源于相山深部中元古代岩地壳所衍生的基底副变质岩部分熔融。     

相山火山盆地组间界面、基底界面特征及其对铀矿的控制作用

通过对相山铀矿田钻孔资料、地球物理资料的综合研究,笔者编制了相山火山盆地火山岩组间界面、基底界面等高线图,初步查明了组间界面、基底界面形态特征和埋藏深度,认为火山岩组间界面变异部位为上部铀矿的重要赋矿空间（第1成矿空间）;基底界面控制着晚期花岗斑岩,也控制着下部铀矿的空间定位（第2成矿空间）.组间界面（变异部位）、基底界面与断裂构造复合处,为铀矿最有利的赋存部位.     

象山港内湾潮汐应变对横向流及其余环流垂向空间结构的调控研究

横向流 (垂直于海湾主轴方向的流动) 对横向动量以及物质分布具有重要影响。已往研究表明,潮汐应变对横向流的垂向空间结构具有重要的调控作用。但这种认识仅局限于强层化海区,弱层化条件下潮汐应变对于横向流空间结构的影响仍未可知。为此,本文以象山港为例,基于实测数据阐释了弱层化条件下潮汐应变对横向流及其余环流垂向空间结构的调控作用。结果显示,象山港内湾横向流的垂向空间结构随大小潮呈现出明显的变化规律。大潮时,潮汐应变现象明显,涨潮时较强的垂向混合使得横向流在高潮阶段呈现出一层结构;落潮时垂向混合较弱,横向流在低潮时呈现两层结构。小潮时,潮汐应变受到抑制,垂向混合在涨落潮时均较弱,因此横向流在高低潮阶段均呈现出两层结构。经过潮时均进一步得到的横向余环流呈现出上层向南、下层向北的两层结构。由于潮汐应变的大小潮变化,横向余环流的反转深度反转点自大潮到小潮呈现出上升的趋势。     

相山居隆庵矿床铀成矿流体特征及其来源探讨

通过居隆庵矿床流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温学、单个流体包裹体激光拉曼成分及群体包裹体成分的对比研究,查明了成矿流体的基本性质(温度、盐度及成分等);根据成矿流体的碳、氢、氧等稳定同位素特征,并结合矿床的地质-构造特征,探讨了成矿流体的来源。研究表明,居隆庵矿床铀成矿流体为富含成矿物质及挥发分(CO2、H2、CH4等)的中-高温、中-高盐度流体,其成分以C、H、O、N等为主,并溶有多种碱金属、P及卤素(F、Cl)等微量组分的C-H-O流体,成矿流体具有深源(幔源)性的特点。     

Occurrence and significance of a quartz–amphibole schist xenolith within a mafic microgranular enclave in the Xiangshan volcanic-intrusive complex,SE China

The Xiangshan volcanic-intrusive complex is composed of rhyolitic crystal tuffs, welded tuffs, rhyodacite, porphyroclastic rhyolitic lava, subvolcanic rocks such as granite porphyry, and late quartz monzonitic porphyry and lamprophyre dikes. We report the first occurrence of a quartz–amphibole schist (QAS) xenolith enclosed within a mafic microgranular enclave (MME) in the Xiangshan volcanic-intrusive complex. The mineralogy of this xenolith consists of amphibole, biotite, quartz, and minor plagioclase. Petrographic and mineral composition studies indicate that the protolith of this xenolith likely originated from the metamorphic basement beneath Xiangshan. The amphibole (actinolite and magnesiohorblende) has been partially replaced by orthopyroxene at 800–1000°C and by diopside at <700°C, according to mineral thermometers; this replacement process may have taken place after the xenolith was trapped by the mafic magma host (now an MME). Studies of the QAS xenolith provide new information on the emplacement history of the mafic magma. The peak metamorphic temperature for amphibole replaced by pyroxene is higher than the crystallization temperature of the subvolcanic magma, which indicates that the heat of pyroxene formation must have been provided by the engulfing mafic melt. This magma must have emplaced to crustal level and trapped the QAS as a xenolith and then injected into the felsic magma. We suggested that the hybridization processes for the major elements of the pristine mafic magma may have been contaminated by crustal rocks to form its present composition of MME before mafic magma injection. However, the hybridization process appears not to have been formed via a single-stage process because various types of MMEs are presented in the Mesozoic magmatic rocks of SE China.     

相山铀矿田北部石马山（612）矿床深边部找矿探讨

近几年相山铀矿田北部多个铀矿床深边部找矿取得了较大的突破,找矿空间进一步扩大,特别是铀成矿与次火山岩（脉）体有着密切联系的规律愈加明了。通过与石马山（612）矿床位置毗邻的中型以上岗上英（613）铀矿床类比,阐述了矿床地质背景、成矿地质条件和控矿地质因素,并分析石马山（612）等矿床探采资料,认为石马山（612）矿床深边部存在着类似岗上英（613）矿床控矿的构造和次火山岩（脉）体,并可发现盲矿体,为该铀矿床深边部找矿提出了依据和方向。