内蒙古乌拉山大桦背岩体成因:地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Sr-Nd-Hf同位素制约

大桦背岩体由钾长花岗岩和似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩组成。锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb定年获得其侵位年龄为328.3±1.5Ma,表明该岩体属早石炭世岩浆活动产物。大桦背岩体总体上富硅(Si O2=70.59%~76.04%)、富碱(Na2O+K2O=8.41%~8.99%)、准铝质-弱过铝质(A/CNK=0.98~1.11),形成温度较低(620~810℃),属于高分异高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩。岩石富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Th、U和LREE,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、P和HREE,具有较高的Th/Ta比值(10.30~21.60)及较低的Ce/Pb比值(0.90~3.13),显示大陆弧岩浆岩地球化学特征。除暗色微粒包体广泛发育外,岩体具有均一Sr-Nd同位素组成((87Sr/86Sr)i=0.704799~0.706272,εNd(t)=-8.8~-8.2)和较大变化范围的锆石Hf同位素(εHf(t)=-8.3~-2.6),暗示岩体为岩浆混合成因。结合区域地质背景,认为大桦背岩体的形成与古亚洲洋向华北克拉通之下的俯冲密切相关,是俯冲板片流体交代诱发熔融的岩石圈地幔岩浆与下地壳岩浆相混合的产物。混合岩浆在上升侵位过程中又发生了显著的分离结晶作用和较弱的地壳物质的同化混染。     

新疆西准噶尔红山岩体地质地球化学特征及对下地壳性质的启示

准噶尔盆地基底性质历年来一直存在争议, 而花岗岩地球化学特征对下地壳性质具有指示意义.研究发现, 红山岩体的岩石类型主要为碱长花岗岩, 具有高SiO₂、低Al₂O₃、偏碱性、准铝质、轻重稀土分馏相对明显且富集轻稀土、明显的Eu异常、富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素及Zr、Hf等高场强元素而强烈亏损Sr、Ba、P、Ti等元素的A型花岗岩特征, 形成于后碰撞的张性环境中.SIMS和LA-ICP-MS测试获得的岩体侵位年龄分别为315.7±2.4Ma(MSWD=0.82)和317.8±3.8Ma(MSWD=2.8), 指示该岩体为晚石炭世早期的产物, 与西准噶尔后碰撞岩浆活动的时限一致.红山碱长花岗岩的结晶温度为680~860℃, Lu-Hf、Sr-Nd同位素特征共同表明西准噶尔的基底是由亏损地幔演化而来的年轻地壳物质组成.      

粤西北大桂山岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年、岩石成因及构造环境分析

为了加深对粤西北地区加里东期岩浆岩演化的认识,对粤西北地区大桂山岩体进行了岩石学、岩相学、同位素年代学、岩石地球化学及Sm-Nd同位素地球化学等研究。研究显示:大桂山岩体位于广东佛冈复式岩体的北西缘,岩性为中粗粒含斑黑云母正长花岗岩;利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法测得其年龄为(445.9±3.6) Ma,属晚奥陶世侵入岩;岩石地球化学具有高硅、富钾、高分异指数和低钙、低镁、贫铁的特征;稀土元素总量中等-偏低,轻重稀土元素分馏程度较低,具明显的负Eu异常;微量元素表现为大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K、La、Ce、Nd等的富集,亏损P、Sr、Ba、Ti等高场强元素;(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i为0.025 3~0.100 2,ε_Nd(t)值较高,为-3.15~-5.26,T_DM2值较低。以上特征表明大桂山岩体为高分异或低熔融程度的铝质A型花岗岩,其源区为成熟度较低的地壳物质或者是一定比例壳幔物质的混合,因造山带垮塌、软流圈上涌引起地壳伸展,由于地幔上隆,幔源基性岩浆岩和钾玄质岩浆岩上侵或底侵而形成。     

安徽青阳—九华山复式岩体的成因及成矿潜力——来自锆石Hf同位素和微量元素的证据

青阳—九华山复式岩体是安徽南部地区出露面积最大、最具代表性的复式岩体,该复式岩体的岩浆源区、岩石成因和成矿联系等问题仍需要进一步查明。在前期对青阳—九华山复式岩体的地质、地球化学特征研究基础上,本文进一步开展了锆石微量元素与Hf同位素分析与研究。结果显示,青阳—九华山复式岩体4个阶段从早到晚（花岗闪长岩二长花岗岩正长花岗岩细粒花岗斑岩）,晚期(第三、第四阶段)比早期(第一、第二阶段)岩浆岩的锆石εHf（t）值呈显著增高趋势,岩浆形成温度升高（705.3℃ 715.9℃ 827.1℃ 805.5℃）,氧逸度降低（93.8 149.170.1 69.9）。进一步分析认为,青阳—九华山复式岩体源于同一具有壳幔混源的岩浆源区,随着时间的演化,岩浆房中幔源组分比例逐渐增高,幔源物质的加入,不仅提高了晚期岩浆形成温度,一定程度改变了源区组成。青阳—九华山复式岩体4个阶段花岗岩均经历了榍石、角闪石、金红石、斜长石等矿物的分离结晶,晚期（第三、第四阶段）花岗岩相比早期（第一、第二阶段）花岗岩具有更高的分异程度。青阳—九华山复式岩体中第一、第二阶段花岗岩具有较好的W—多金属矿床成矿潜力。     

兴安地块南段乌兰复合岩体年代学、地球化学及其地质意义

兴蒙造山带北缘晚古生代的构造格局,尤其是洋盆的闭合时限一直存在争议,兴安地块南的乌兰复合岩体为解决这一问题提供了一个良好的研究窗口。对乌兰复合岩体进行了锆石U-Pb测年与地球化学特征研究,确定了其形成时代与岩石成因,进而揭示了区域构造背景。乌兰复合岩体由细粒二长花岗岩和斑状二长花岗岩组成,前者构成了岩体的主体,成岩年龄为(312±2) Ma,形成时代为晚石炭世早期。地球化学特征显示: 细粒二长花岗岩和斑状二长花岗岩均具有全碱含量中等、富钾、过铝质的特征,为高钾钙碱性系列的高分异S型花岗岩,且细粒二长花岗岩的稀土含量偏低,负Eu异常更明显,显示了更高的分异演化特征; 细粒二长花岗岩和斑状二长花岗岩均富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Th及K),显著亏损Ba、Sr、Ti等元素,弱亏损Ta、Nb等元素,具有相似的微量元素与稀土元素分布特征,指示二者来自于同一源区。乌兰复合岩体的形成与古亚洲洋的演化有关,形成于洋盆闭合后的造山晚期伸展环境。     

Improved Inter‐calibration of Faraday Cup and Ion Counting for In Situ Pb Isotope Measurements Using LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS: Application to the Study of the Origin of the Fangshan Pluton,North China

A laser ablation multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS) method was developed to obtain precise and accurate Pb isotopic ratio measurements in low‐Pb materials (< 10 μg g^?1) using a combination of Faraday cups and ion counters (FC–IC). The low abundance ²⁰⁴Pb (~ 1.4%) was collected using an IC. A NBS 981 standard solution was used to cross‐calculate the FC–IC gain and to investigate the signal response characteristics of the IC. A significant, continuous and linear decrease in the FC–IC gain was observed within 1 hr, but this drift could be corrected using the calibrator‐sample‐calibrator bracketing method. In addition, a non‐linear response of the IC used in this study was observed and corrected by a non‐linear correction algorithm, which was established by measuring a series of gravimetrically prepared NBS 981 standard solutions (NIST SRM 981). Compared with the conventional arrangement, the use of the newly designed X skimmer cone and Jet sample cone improved the signal intensities from Pb isotopes by a factor of 1.9. Compared with only Faraday cups, using a combination FC–IC array was found to enhance the measurement repeatability (RSD) of ^20xPb/²⁰⁴Pb by approximately one order of magnitude when the ²⁰⁴Pb intensity was < 8 mV. Eight natural glasses and the NIST SRM 612 reference material glass (as a calibration material) were measured to evaluate the new protocol for Pb isotope determination. The analytical results were in agreement with the reference values within 2s measurement uncertainties. For MPI‐DING ATHO‐G (5.67 μg g^?1 total Pb), KL2‐G (2.07 μg g^?1 total Pb) and ML3B‐G (1.38 μg g^?1 total Pb), the typical accuracies of ^20xPb/²⁰⁴Pb were 0.09% of preferred values with precisions of < 0.33% (2RSD). The Pb isotope ratios in feldspars from granodiorite and within mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) from the Fangshan pluton, North China, were measured using the present method. The Pb isotopic compositions of feldspars from the whole host granodiorite show that that are radiogenic in the margin zone and gradually become less radiogenic. For the MMEs, the Pb isotopic compositions of feldspars are highly variable and overlap with those of the whole host granodiorite. For single‐grain feldspar, the strong rim‐core‐rim variations of the Pb isotopic compositions and trace elements are interpreted to have been generated via magma mixing. These results suggest that the Fangshan pluton underwent magma mixing of mantle‐derived mafic magmas with felsic magmas, and the proportion of the mafic magma influx decreased over time.     

湖南大义山、塔山岩体锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义

华南中部地区大义山、塔山等早中生代花岗岩的展布和侵入特征与这一时期褶皱构造之间存在着非常密切的关系,对这些岩体进行精确年代学研究,可以为构造变形时代提供年代学约束。大义山岩体南部地区锆石U-Pb LA-ICP-MS年龄为东缘(171.8±1.9)Ma、西缘(169.9±1.8)Ma、中部(164.2±2.6)Ma,塔山岩体东段为(247±5.9)Ma。大义山岩体在164.2—171.8 Ma之间经历两个期次的侵入,形成了一个复式岩体,岩体形成后至125 Ma经历了快速隆升,之后以接近1°C/Ma的冷却速率抬升到地表。大义山和塔山岩体记录了华南早中生代印支和燕山两期重要的岩浆活动。阳明山、塔山岩体等E—W向展布岩体受印支期构造带控制;大义山、骑田岭等岩体年龄限定了燕山期构造地层的变形下限时代,华南地区NNE向褶皱构造形成时代应早于(171.8±1.9)Ma。     

Metamorphism and deformation of mafic and felsic rocks in a magma transfer zone,Stewart Island,New Zealand

In the mingled mafic/felsic Halfmoon Pluton at The Neck, Stewart Island (part of the Median Batholith of New Zealand) some hornblende gabbros and diorites retain magmatic structures, whereas others show evidence of major changes in grain and inclusion shapes, and still others are amphibolite‐facies granofelses with few or no igneous relicts. These mafic to intermediate magmas crystallized in felsic magma relatively quickly, with the result that most deformation occurred at subsolidus conditions. It is suggested that mafic‐intermediate rocks with predominantly igneous microstructures spent less time in the magmatic system. The metamorphism of the mafic rocks appears to be ‘autometamorphic’, in the sense that elevated temperatures were maintained by magmatic heat during subsolidus cooling. Elevated temperatures were maintained because of repeated sheet injection and subconcordant dyke injection of hot basaltic and composite mafic‐felsic magmas, into a dominantly transtensional, km‐scale, outboard‐migrating, magmatic shear zone that operated semi‐continuously for between c. 140 and c. 130 Ma. Complete cooling occurred only when the system evolved to transpressional and the locus of magmatism migrated inboard (southward) between c. 130 and c. 120 Ma, associated with solid‐state mylonitic deformation. Intermingled granitic rocks escaped metamorphism, because they remained magmatic to lower temperatures, and experienced shorter and lower‐temperature subsolidus cooling intervals. However, the felsic rocks underwent relatively high‐temperature solid‐state deformation, as indicated by myrmekite replacing K‐feldspar and chess‐board subgrain patterns in quartz; locally they developed felsic mylonites. The felsic rocks were deformed in the solid state because of their high proportion of relatively weak minerals (quartz and biotite), whereas the mafic rocks mostly escaped subsolidus deformation, except in local high‐strain zones of hornblende‐plagioclase schist, because of their high proportion of relatively strong minerals (hornblende and plagioclase). We suggest that such contrasting microstructural features are diagnostic of long‐lived syntectonic magma transfer zones, and contrast with the more typical complex, batholith‐scale magma chambers of magmatic arcs.     

黑龙江多宝山地区裸河岩体锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及地质意义

为加深对兴蒙造山带中段中生代构造演化的认识,探讨多宝山地区侏罗纪构造岩浆演化,选取位于大兴安岭与小兴安岭结合部的裸河岩体开展岩石学、年代学和地球化学研究。结果表明：裸河岩体主要由中细粒和细粒花岗闪长岩组成,岩体中部发育少量花岗闪长斑岩,花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为(168.09±0.95) Ma,形成于中侏罗世中期,该期花岗闪长岩的主量元素含量具有富Na、高K、低Ti、低P的特点,微量元素含量具有低Sr、高Yb的特点,重稀土亏损,具弱负Eu异常,属于高钾钙碱性系列I型花岗岩。构造环境判别图解指示裸河岩体花岗闪长岩应属后碰撞花岗岩。结合研究区周边早侏罗世—中侏罗世侵入岩体的特征,裸河岩体形成于蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合后的后碰撞构造环境。     

中天山早泥盆世陆弧：来自花岗质糜棱岩地球化学及SHRIMP-U／Pb定年的证据

中天山巴伦台以北地区出露一套糜棱岩化的中-酸性侵入岩，元素地球化学特点表明其属于火山弧环境；锆石SHRIMP U／Pb法测试结果揭示其侵位年龄在405—416Ma间，属早泥盆世。这一研究结果显示，早在晚志留世晚期，南天山洋已开始向北俯冲，并在中天山地块南缘形成火山弧环境。至早泥盆世晚期，塔里木陆块与中天山火山弧发生碰撞。