东昆仑阿尔格山二叠纪生物礁的特征及其古地理古气候的意义

东昆仑山脉西段二叠纪生物礁由早二叠世、中二叠世的栖霞期和茅口期三个层位组成，早二叠世的礁和中二叠世栖霞期的礁是我国首次发现的，填补了我国二叠纪礁的空白。早二叠世礁的时代相当于阿赛尔-萨克马尔-阿丁斯克期，主要表现为海绵礁、苔藓虫礁和Shamovella(Tubiphytes)-古石孔藻礁。但缺失由Palaeoaplysina组成的礁。中二叠世栖霞期的礁表现为海绵-苔藓虫礁、Shamovella-苔藓虫礁和叶状藻礁。中二叠世茅口期的礁与栖霞期的礁类型基本一致。阿尔格山礁是塔吉克斯坦-喀拉昆仑地体的一个部分，该地体位于南纬30°以北的东特提斯海内。此处的二叠纪礁由各种生物组成，包括珊瑚海绵、苔藓虫、Shamovella.古石孔藻、棘皮类、有孔虫、叶状藻、粗枝藻以及腹足类等，推测该礁形成于温暖和炎热气候条件下的暖水内，而非冷水礁。     

辽西中生代燕鸟化石新材料的补充研究

本文记述了一件产自辽宁锦州义县早白垩世九佛堂组燕鸟 (Yanornis)化石的新标本。研究标本不但自身保存非常精美 ,而且其嘴里还完整地保存了它捕获的最后一件猎物——吉南鱼 (Jinanichthys longi-cephalus)。该标本的研究 ,不仅对燕鸟的生存环境、生活习性、捕食类型等研究提供了直接的证据 ,而且对于探讨辽西热河生物群中脊椎动物的“集群死亡”的原因也具有重要的意义     

Structural features and petroleum geology of the fold-thrust belt in the southern Tarim basin, China

The west Kunlun fold-thrust belt (WKFTB) and the Altun fold-thrust belt (AFTB) are respectively located in the southern margin of the Tarim basin, NW China. The analyses of typical structures and regional dynamics of the fold-thrust belts reveal their different structural and petroleum features and mechanisms. WKFTB differs from AFTB by abundant fault-related folds and triangles zones, and was formed by northward extrusion of the west Kunlun orogen. AFTB was affected synchronously by northward extrusion of the Altun orogen and the sinistral strike-slipping of the Altun Fault, so it is characterized by the minor scale and the monotonous structural styles. The Aqike anticline and the Aqike fault, of which the strikes are orthogonal to the strike of the fold-thrust belts, are regarded as the adjustive structures between both of the fold-thrust belts. The oil-gas pools of WKFTB develop mainly in the faulted-related anticline traps, but the oil-gas pools of AFTB develop mainly in the low fault-block and anticlines traps related with the paleo-uplifts. There are different exploration countermeasures for both of the fold-thrust belts.     

Sampling Fauna in Stream Sediments as well as Groundwater Using One Net Sampler

Groundwater bores act as traps. Net samplers are regularly used for sampling this type of trap for fauna. To enable direct comparisons of faunal communities in groundwater bores and stream sediments, stream sediment tubes were built similar to groundwater bores and were sampled with net samplers for fauna. These stream sediment tubes consisted of a tube anchored in the stream sediment, also called interstitial space. To test the efficacy of this trap method in stream sediments, it was compared to another type of trap, Hahn's trap. Faunal communities sampled by a net in the stream sediment tubes did not differ hugely from fauna in Hahn's trap samples. Physical and chemical factors of sampled water in both the stream sediment tubes, the surrounding interstitial sediments and the second type of traps, Hahn's traps, showed that water in both the tubes and Hahn's traps was closely related to interstitial water. The net sampler is inexpensive and easy to handle. It is suggested that sampling stream tubes with nets may be an appropriate method for long‐term monitoring studies.     

Large aftershocks triggering by Coulomb failure stress following the 2001 M_S=8.1 great Kunlun earthquake

IntroductionItisshowedbyresearchesonearthquakestresstriggeringrecentlythatsmall'static'stresschangesduetopermanentfaultdisplacementcanalterthelikelihoodof,ortrigger,earthquakesonnearbyfaults(Harris,1998).Manystudiesoftriggeringinthenear-field,particularlyofaftershocks,showthesestaticchangesaretriggeringagent(Kilb,etal,2000).ReasenbergandSimpson(1992)studiedthere-sponseofregionalseismicitytothestaticstresschangeproducedbyLomaPrietaearthquake,andtheresultsshowedthataftershockratesincreasedinre…     

西昆仑康西瓦加里东期孔兹岩系及地质意义

在青藏高原西昆仑地体南部的元古宙片麻岩穹窿南侧 ,发育一条近 EW向规模巨大的康西瓦韧性走滑剪切带 ,韧性剪切带岩石由 7km宽的糜棱岩化的孔兹岩系组成 ,孔兹岩原岩为富铝质泥质沉积岩夹火山岩及大理岩。孔兹岩系的 MORB标准化微量元素蛛网图显示了其为富铝泥质沉积岩 ,具有明显的 Th正异常及 Ce、Zr等大离子的正异常 ,而变质火山岩中出现 Nb、Zr正异常 ;稀土元素含量展示上述两类岩石均具轻稀土相对富集、重稀土相对亏损及 Eu中度亏损的特性。康西瓦孔兹岩形成的温度为 70 0℃ ,压力 6 .8GPa。锆石 SHRIMP同位素年代测试表明 ,孔兹岩的碎屑锆石来源于 6 4 4～ 873Ma或更老的周缘古老变质基底剥蚀区 ,孔兹岩形成于加里东期(42 8～ 4 4 5 Ma) ,并遭受印支期 (2 5 0～ 2 10 Ma)强烈的剪切应变。康西瓦孔兹岩的原岩、微量元素与稀土元素特征、形成的温 -压条件以及生成时代等与南阿尔金孔兹岩系可以类比 ,表明西昆仑地体与阿尔金地体可能原为同一地体。中国已发现的孔兹岩系绝大部分为太古宙及元古宙的产物 ,西昆仑与阿尔金加里东期孔兹岩的发现不仅显示了加里东造山带山根的存在 ,而且提出沿阿尔金断裂系左行平移 6 0 0 km的新证据。     

The Frozen Soils and Devastating Characteristics of West Kunlun Mountains Pass Ms 8.1 Earthquake Area in 2001

The investigation on damages to frozen soil sites during the West Kunlun Mountains Pass earthquake with Ms 8.1 in 2001 shows that the frozen soil in the seismic area is composed mainly of moraine, alluvial deposit, diluvial deposit and lacustrine deposit with the depth varying greatly along the earthquake rupture zone. The deformation and rupture of frozen soil sites are mainly in the form of coseismic fracture zones caused by tectonic motion and fissures,liquefaction, seismic subsidence and collapse resulting from ground motion. The earthquake fracture zones on the surface are main brittle deformations, which, under the effect of sinlstral strike-slip movement, are represented by shear fissures, tensional cracks and compressive bulges. The distribution and configuration patterns of deformation and rupture such as fissures, liquefaction, seismic subsidence and landslides are all related to the ambient rock and soil conditions of the earthquake area. The distribution of earthquake damage is characterized by large-scale rupture zones, rapid intensity attenuation along the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Highway, where buildings distribute and predominant effect of rock and soil conditions.     

热带西太平洋热状况年代际和年际变化特征分析

采用谐波分析和EOF分析方法,对比研究了暖池区域表层热状况(海表温度距平SST'表征)和浅层热状况(热含量距平HS'和次表层海温距平ST'表征)在1月和7月的年代际、年际尺度时空特征.分析结果表明:⑴不同季节的年代际、年际尺度SST'和HS'都存在两个显著模态,HS'1月的年代际、年际尺度结构最简单,而SST'7月的年代际和1月年际结构最复杂;⑵ 1970年代末和1980年代初发生的年代际跃变HS'晚于SST', 且SST'(HS')呈增温(减少)趋势;⑶ HS'的年际异常与ENSO关系密切,而SST'与ENSO关系不显著.     

西准噶尔紫苏花岗岩成因岩石学研究

紫苏花岗岩呈岩体形式侵入于石炭纪地层中．又为碱长花岗岩侵入．紫苏花岗岩由斜方辉石、单斜辉石、铁橄榄石、条纹长石、石英组成．以正εNd为特征(εNd= 4．8- 5．8)矿物组成、结构和野外产状表明：这些紫苏花岗岩是火成成因的．温压计算估测其结晶条件是T=700～800℃，P=420～575kPa．紫苏花岗岩中有小的富云母包体和巨大的条带状捕虏体．前被认为是残留体，后与其围岩．火山碎屑岩相当．残留体中较低的εNd正值(εNd= 2．6- 3．5)要求新生的下部地壳是紫苏花岗岩的主要源岩：来自这些源岩的紫苏花岗岩的母岩浆在结晶前与一些来自于亏损地幔中的融体混合．该地区体积巨大的碱性花岗岩可能也来自相同的岩浆源，只不过它是在较浅的地壳深度上结晶的．     

闽西-赣南早-中侏罗世盆地及其火成岩特征

闽西-赣南地区早、中侏罗世陆相盆地带东起福建永定,经江西寻乌到龙南,断续延伸约250km,宽60～80km.受后期构造破坏和花岗岩浆侵入影响,现呈肢解散碎的残留盆地面貌.盆地边界特征和盆区岩层节理测量统计结果反映该区自晚三叠世以来,先后经历了近S-N向水平挤压(T3-J1E),S-N向垂向挤压、近E-W向水平伸展(J1L-J2),SE-NW向挤压(K1)和近E-W向挤压、S-N向伸展(K2)等复杂的演化过程.早-中侏罗世强烈的拉张-断陷作用导致盆区大量双峰式火山岩的喷发,其基性端员玄武岩的颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄值为170±1Ma,酸性端员流纹岩Rb-Sr等时线年龄为179Ma～165±2Ma.流纹岩具有高的SiO2、Al2O3、K2O含量,ANKC值＞1.1;轻稀土富集、稀土总量高,铕亏损,具明显Eu负异常;富集Rb、Th,贫化Ba、Ti、P、Nb、Zr等特点,属富钾过铝火山岩类.与之共生的玄武岩则以富硅贫碱为特征,轻稀土轻度富集,铕异常不明显;弱富集Rb、Ba、Th、Ce,贫Nb、Zr、Y,配分样式呈上凸型,属拉斑系列玄武岩类,反映一种后造山的陆内裂谷环境.闽西-赣南地区盆山格局的形成经历过多期地球动力学演化前中生代近E-W向古亚洲构造域的基底阶段,晚三叠世-早侏罗世早期挤压造山阶段,早侏罗世晚期-中侏罗世裂谷盆地阶段,早白垩世太平洋构造域对本区的置换和改造阶段,包括早期的火山-岩浆活动和晚期的伸展断陷盆地作用.