温度客观预报自动化业务系统

介绍了一以Ｔ６３数值预报产品为因子，用卡尔曼滤波方法作４８小时最高，最低温度客观预报方法及其自动化业务系统，能补充目前地市台温度预报主要依靠主观预报的不足，对温度有一定的预报能力。     

高岭土深加工产品开发

当前世界上煅烧高岭土产品已瞄准高档化、专用化、精细化和功能化，深加工系列产品已应用于高档汽车、船舶、乳胶、颜料、化工、造纸、涂料等方面。内蒙古自治区有丰富的高岭土资源，我们应依托优势资源，尽快掌握高新技术，开发高岭土系列产品，争取在较短的时间内在国内外激烈的市场竞争中立于不败之地，为自治区的经济繁荣起到积极的推动作用。     

基于FME的国家基本比例尺图幅坐标系转换研究

我国测绘成果长期存在坐标系统不统一的现状,使得不同坐标系测绘成果的使用存在一定的局限性,无法充分地利用测绘成果。本文以1∶10 000比例尺成果数据从西安80系到国家2000系转换为例,详细地介绍了基于FME软件零编程实现坐标系转换的方法。     

地理网格技术在产地溯源码编制中的应用研究

针对农产品溯源中溯源编码通用性差、不便于查询的问题,本文分析了国内外地理网格技术与产地溯源码的研究现状,并结合二维码技术,提出了基于地理网格技术的二维产地溯源码编制规则,详细介绍了产地溯源编码的组成,并以应用实例验证了编码的实用性与便捷性。     

中国中东部区域TRMM降水产品降尺度研究及其时空特征分析

该研究以中国中东部区域(17°～50°N,98°～135°E)为研究范围,在前人研究基础上,根据水汽与降水之间的关系,基于MOD05水汽产品,采用偏最小二乘法,对中国中东部区域2001—2010年10 a平均TRMM3B43_V 7月降水产品进行降尺度,旨在得到空间分辨率为1 km×1 km的月降水空间分布。通过比较分析,发现该降尺度模型能大幅提高TRMM产品空间分辨率,估算结果平均相对误差为15.35%,与地面观测较接近,能体现中国中东部区域降水宏观分布趋势,且估算结果精度高于前人基于归一化植被指数(NDVI)的降尺度模型,能满足降水产品的精细化需求。     

基于MODIS积雪产品的高亚洲融雪末期雪线高度遥感监测

以2001—2016年逐日MODIS积雪产品为主要数据源,在高亚洲区域发展了大尺度融雪末期雪线高度的遥感提取方法,并对其2001—2016年的时空变化特征进行了分析。提取方法首先对逐日的MODIS积雪覆盖率产品进行去云处理,获得积雪覆盖日数（SCD）数据集;并用冰川年物质平衡观测数据、融雪末期Landsat数据对提取终年积雪的MODIS SCD阈值进行率定;最后以MODIS SCD提取的终年积雪面积结合地形“面积—高程”曲线实现大尺度融雪末期雪线高度信息的提取。结果表明：① 高亚洲融雪末期雪线高度的空间异质性较强,总体上呈南高北低的纬度地带性分布规律;并因受山体效应的影响,雪线高度由高海拔地区向四周呈环形逐渐降低的特点。② 高亚洲2001—2016年融雪末期雪线高度总体上表现为明显的增加趋势。在744个30 km的监测格网中,24.2%的格网雪线高度呈显著增加,而仅0.9%的格网呈显著下降。除兴都库什、西喜马拉雅外,其他地区雪线高度均表现为升高趋势,显著上升的地区主要分布在天山、喜马拉雅中东部和念青唐古拉山等,其中以东喜马拉雅升高最为显著（8.52 m yr ^-1）。③ 夏季气温是影响高亚洲融雪末期雪线高度变化的主要因素,两者具有显著的正相关关系（R = 0.64,P < 0.01）。     

Changes in agricultural virtual water in Central Asia, 1992–2016

Journal of Geographical Sciences - In recent years, flows of many rivers and lakes have become reduced in arid and semi-arid regions around the world. The most typical examples of this phenomenon...     

Supply and Demand Levels for Livestock and Poultry Products in the Chinese Mainland and the Potential Demand for Feed Grains

The widening gap between the supply and demand levels for livestock and poultry products in the Chinese mainland poses a significant challenge to the secure supply of feed grains. Therefore, the accurate prediction of the demand potential for feed grains represents a key scientific issue for ensuring food security in the Chinese mainland. This study is based on an analysis of several factors, such as the Chinese mainland’s output, trade volume, apparent consumption of livestock and poultry products, and two different scenarios for predicting the future demand for feed grains are assessed. The results indicate that output and consumption of livestock and poultry products, as well as the country’s trade deficit and the pressure of the supply and demand balance with respect to these products, have been increasing in recent years. The analysis predicts that the demand for feed grains in the Chinese mainland will reach 425.5 or 389.6 million tons in 2030 based on the two scenarios. This finding indicates that with the increasing demand for livestock and poultry products in the Chinese mainland, the demand for feed grains will continue to increase, and the shortfall in feed grains and raw materials will expand further, especially dependence on external sources of protein-rich feed grains will remain high.     

Satellite-derived rainfall thresholds for landslide early warning in Bogowonto Catchment,Central Java,Indonesia

Satellite rainfall products for landslide early warning prediction have been spotlighted by several researchers, in the last couple of decades. This study investigates the use of TRMM and ERA-Interim data, for the determination of rainfall thresholds and the prediction of precipitation, respectively, to be used for landslide early warning purposes at the Bogowonto catchment, Central Java, Indonesia. A landslide inventory of 218 landslides for the period of 2003–2016 was compiled, and rainfall data were retrieved for the landslide locations, as given by 6 ground stations, TRMM, and ERA-Interim data. First, rainfall data from the three different sources was compared in terms of correlation and extreme precipitation indices. Second, a procedure for the calculation of rainfall thresholds for landslide occurrence was followed consisting of four steps: i) the TRMM-based rainfall data was reconstructed for selected dates and locations characterized by landslide occurrence and non-occurrence; ii) the antecedent daily rainfall was calculated for 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 days for the selected dates and locations; iii) two-parameter daily rainfall-antecedent rainfall thresholds were calculated for the aforementioned dates; after analysis of the curves the optimum number of antecedent rainfall days was selected; and (iv) empirical rainfall thresholds for landslide occurrence were determined. The procedure was repeated for the entire landslide dataset, differentiating between forested and built-up areas, and between landslide occurrence in four temporal periods, in relation to the monsoon. The results indicated that TRMM performs well for the detection of very heavy precipitation and can be used to indicate the extreme rainfall events that trigger landslides. On the contrary, as ERA-Interim failed to detect those events, its applicability for LEWS remains limited. The 15-day antecedent rainfall was indicated to mostly affect the landslide occurrence in the area. The rainfall thresholds vary for forested and built-up areas, as well as for the beginning, middle and end of the rainy season.     

FY-3D/MERSI-II全球火点监测产品及其应用

FY-3D/MERSI-II全球火点监测产品主要包括全球范围内的火点位置、亚像元火点面积和火点强度等信息,可用于实时监测全球范围的森林草原火灾、秸秆焚烧等生物质燃烧状况。火点判识算法主要根据中红外通道对高温热源的敏感特性,即含有火点的中红外通道像元辐亮度和亮温较远红外通道的辐亮度和亮温偏高,同时较周边非火点的中红外像元偏高,建立合适的阈值可探测含有火点的像元。亚像元火点面积估算主要使用中红外单通道估算,根据亚像元火点面积估算结果对火点强度进行分级,不同的级别表示不同程度的火点辐射强度。基于全球火点自动判识结果,每日生成0.01°分辨率的卫星遥感日全球火点产品,每月生产0.25°×0.25°格点的全球月火点密度图。在利用FY-3D/MERSI-II火点产品开展的全球火点监测应用中,对多起全球重大野火事件进行了监测,为防灾减灾、全球气候变化研究、生态环境保护等方面提供卫星遥感信息支持。