粤北新洲逆冲推覆断裂系统中断层岩的地球化学特征

粤北新洲逆冲推覆断裂系统由Ⅰ，Ⅱ，Ⅲ－Ⅳ级推覆断层带组成，断层带中形成一套复杂的断层岩系，断层岩中Ａｕ，Ｐｂ，Ｗ，Ｓｂ，Ｂｉ，Ｈｇ，普遍富集，由此引起不同程度的金矿化，分别形成石英碳酸盐糜棱岩型金矿，碎裂钠长石岩型金矿和石英脉型金矿，成矿时期为印支晚期到燕山期，通过系统的微量元素，同位素和流体包裹体研究表明，１级推覆断层带断层岩中的成矿物质主要来自下地壳或上地幔，ＩＩ级推覆断层带断层岩中的成矿物质     

河北东坪金矿区水泉沟岩体的地球化学特征

水泉沟岩体主要由二长岩构成。主要矿物是碱性长石和斜长石,它们的含量高达80%以上。石英不多见,暗色矿物含量少。副矿物主要是磁铁矿、石榴石、榍石和锆石。交代结构发育,蚀变现象普遍。主要化学组分和微量元素含量及δ¹⁸O值变化范围大。该二长岩体是由老片麻岩经热液碱交代作用而成。     

内蒙古白银都西群变质火山岩的钕、锶同位素研究

白银都西群主要由斜长角闪岩、变粒岩、长英片岩和条带状混合岩组成,是白银都西-白乃庙地体的重要组成部分,主要分布在内蒙古白乃庙铜(金)矿床东北白银都西一带。长期以来,由于缺乏可信的同位素年龄数据,该套岩层的归属,构造性质和形成机理尚不清楚。笔者首次对白银都西群斜长角闪岩的Nd和Sr同位素组成进行了测定,所获Sm-Nd同位素等时年龄为1394±46Ma(23),Nd初始比值为0.511 243±8(23)和εNd(T)=+7.9±2.1(23)。~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr和~(87)Rb/~(86)Sr比值分别为0.705 79—0.709 12和0.17—0.34,两者之间不存在任何相关关系。结合野外地质证据和岩相学特征,我们认为:白银都西群基性火山活动发生在中元古代,成岩物质来自亏损地幔源,成岩以后构造变动和变质热液活动致使Rb-Sr同位素体系受到严重干扰破坏。     

福建上杭盆地中生代火山岩首次发现开来石

在１：５万上杭幅重砂野外调查中，在上杭盆地中生代火山岩河系中首次发现开来石。经中国地质大学Ｘ光单晶粉晶分析、桂林有色金属地质研究所电子探针成分分析结果，均与国外有关文献中的开来石相一致。是我省首次发现的含砷稀土矿物。它为在该区中生代火山岩中寻找稀土资源提供新的线索。此外该矿物常与黄金、辰砂等相伴生，笔者初步认为可以根据伴生金的相关元素Ａｓ开来石组合寻找金，是本区很值得注意的一种寻找金的方法。     

福建浦城丘源地区晚太古代变质岩地质特征

浦城丘源地区出露太古代变质岩，其地质特征类似于建宁西部上太古界天井坪组，并取得了２６７８±４１Ｍａ同位素年龄资料。本文系统论述其岩石组合、原岩建造、大地构造环境及同位素地质年龄等特征。     

霍州辛置桃沟矿泉水的形成条件及水质特征

桃沟矿泉水暴露于辛置煤矿的通风斜井中，为低矿化度、低钠、锶重碳酸钙镁型饮用天然矿泉水，在开发利用过程中应十分重视环境保护及卫生检测。     

北京密怀平山区金矿成矿地质条件及成矿期的探讨

本文通过对密怀平山区金矿成矿地质条件的分析，将密怀平山区金矿的成矿期划分为早元古代吕梁成矿期、中生界印支成矿期及燕山成矿期三个成矿期。     

Explorations into the formal structure of drainage basins

Every basin of higher than first order is drained by a channel network composed of two subnetworks. Their basins are separated by a drainage divide line, called the basin divider, which is the primary organizing feature of the main basin. Each basin of magnitude n contains n – 1 subnetworks of higher order, and is therefore organized by a set of n – 1 dividers. The dividers and the basin boundary are interconnected in a graph called the divider network of the basin; in graph-theoretic terms this network forms a tree and has the same magnitude and link numbers as the channel network draining the basin. While the subbasins and subnetworks of a drainage basin form a nesting hierarchy, the corresponding dividers do not; indeed, any two dividers share at most one node in common, and whether they do so is independent of whether the corresponding subbasins are nesting or disjoint. However, the dividers of nesting basins are linked by recursive relationships which permit the derivation of a set of algebraic equations; these equations relate the dividers of a basin to other basin components; for example, their combined length is equal to half the length of all first-order basin boundaries minus the length of the main basin boundary. The second part of the paper explores the dependence of the divider length on other basin parameters. The expected length, as predicted by the assumption of topological randomness, is clearly rejected by the data. An alternative approach (regression) is based on the observed magnitudes of the subbasins separated by each divider, and is reasonably successful in estimating divider length. The last section introduces the concept of the standardized basin defined by a boundary length of unity; the estimated lengths of the basin divider and the basin boundary permit an approximate reconstruction of the idealized basin shape and the location of the divider in it.