西太平洋暖池核心区MIS 7期以来的古生产力变化:类ENSO式过程的响应

对取自热带西太平洋暖池核心区的WP7岩心进行了底栖有孔虫和钙质超微化石研究。在利用氧同位素曲线对比和AMS14C测年数据进行地层划分的基础上,依据底栖有孔虫和钙质超微化石指标,分析了距今近250ka以来区域生产力和上层海水结构的演变特征,探讨了其控制因素和所指示的古海洋学意义。计算结果显示WP7岩心所在的暖池核心区约在距今250ka以来初级生产力在冰期(MIS6期、4期和2期)高,在间冰期(MIS7期、5期、3期和1期)低,表明该区古生产力在长的轨道时间尺度上受北半球高纬度冰量变动的影响。钙质超微化石下透光带属种Flori-sphaera profunda百分含量指示的温跃层深度变化表明冰期温跃层浅、间冰期温跃层加深,这说明类ENSO式变化导致的冰期—间冰期温跃层深度波动可能是MIS7期以来暖池核心区古生产力在冰期高而在间冰期显著降低的直接控制因素。     

数据库连接池的构建及在JSP中的应用

分析了几种通过JDBC连接数据库的方法,说明使用数据库连接池的优越性,比较数据库连接池与传统的数据库连接的区别,同时实现了一个数据库连接池的创建以及对这个连接池的使用.     

CHARACTERISTICS OF INTRASEASONAL VARIATIONS IN THE MIXED LAYER OF "WARM POOL" AREAS

Observational data obtained during the TOGA-COARE IOP in the "warm pool" area of the West-ern Tropical Pacific were used to analyze some characteristics of the intraseasonal variations in the mixedlayer. The influence of westerly burst and rainfall on SST, salinity. and mixed layer depth are discussed.There are two pairs of counteracting processes in the "warm pool" mixed layer: (1) The increase of mixedlayer depth caused by local westerly bursts and the decrease of mixed layer depth caused by larger scaleeasterly relaxation;(2) the vertical mixing by local wind and the strong stratification due to rainfall in themixed layer. Some possible mechanisms through the interactions between the intraseasonal time scale varia-tions of the oceanic mixed layer and atmospheric low frequency oscillations are revealed.     

我国长江黄河两流域旱涝规律成因与预测研究的进展、成果与问题

本文综述了“我国长江黄河两流域旱涝规律成因与预测研究”项目这三年来所取得的研究进展。本项目对于这两流域旱涝发生的年代际、年际以及季节内变化规律及发生的环流条件进行分析,同时对于这两流域旱涝成因提出了初步看法,指出热带西太平洋暖池热力状态与暖池上空的积云对流活动的强弱以及青藏高原上空的对流活动是影响这两流域旱涝的主要原因。本研究还利用大气环流模式对这两流域旱涝发生及其环流条件进行数值模拟以及进行预测试验。 本文还对项目研究所存在的问题进行分析,以便取得更高水平的研究成果。     

Simple two-dimensional kinematic framework designed to test warm rain microphysical models

This paper describes a two-dimensional kinematic framework designed to test warm rain microphysical models. The idealized flow field is based on a case study from the Hawaiian Rainband Project (1990). Analyses of radar and aircraft data collected in convective cells embedded in Hawaiian rainbands are included for model validation. A Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) activation spectrum, a condensational growth equation including the CCN chemical composition, collection efficiencies, and terminal velocities of the growing drops, are all provided. A sample set of figures from the test run with bulk microphysical parameterization illustrates the desired format for comparisons between the detailed model results and for validation of the model output with observations. This simple yet realistic test formulation includes vertical and horizontal advection, and can be used to evaluate microphysical model performance without complexities resulting from dynamical–microphysical interactions in dynamic cloud models. Without such interactions, scientists can focus on key physical processes involved in the formation of warm rain. The accurate representation of these processes in detailed models is essential to successfully simulate the observed evolution of warm precipitating clouds.     

Movements of the Western Pacific Warm Pool Centroid and Their Relationship to Sea Surface Temperature Changes in Nifio Regions

By using monthly historical sea surface temperature (SST) data for the years from 1950 to 2000, the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) climatology and anomalies are studied in this paper. The analysis of WPWP centroid (WPWPC) movement anomalies and the Niño-3 region SST anomalies(SSTA) seems to reveal a close, linear relation between the zonal WPWPC and Niño-3 region SSTA, which suggests that a 9° anomaly of the zonal displacement from the climatological position of the WPWPC corresponds to about a l°C anomaly in the Niño-3 region area-mean SST. This study connects the WPWPC zonal displacement with the Niño-3 SSTA, and it may be helpful in better understanding the fact that the WPWP eastward extension is conducive to the Niño-3 region SST increase during an El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event.     

海水钝顶螺旋藻藻胆蛋白的初步研究

对海水钝顶螺旋藻Spirulina platensis Geitler藻胆蛋白进行分离、纯化及光谱测定,其种类和吸收光谱与淡水钝顶螺旋藻相似。光强和氮源是影响藻胆蛋白的重要因子,低光强可诱导海水钝顶螺旋藻藻胆蛋白含量大幅度(19.7％)增加;氮源不足或缺乏可导致藻胆蛋白大量降解,随后补充氮源则可使藻胆蛋白含量得到恢复,因而证明藻胆蛋白在海水钝顶螺旋藻中亦可起“氮库(nitrogen pool)”的作用。海南三亚室外生产的海水钝顶螺旋藻干品的藻胆蛋白含量随季节呈现周期性变化,光强可能是主要的影响因子。     

Volume Transport through the Tsushima Straits Estimated from Sea Level Difference

The relations between the volume transport and the sea level difference across the Tsushima Straits have been investigated using current data provided by ADCP mounted on the ferry Camellia, plying between Hakata and Pusan. Empirical formulas to deduce the volume transports using the sea level differences across the eastern and western channels are proposed, considering the seasonal variation of the vertical current structure. The interannual variation of volume transport through the Tsushima Straits for 37 years from 1965 to 2001 is estimated using the empirical formulas. The total volume transport through the Tsushima Straits, averaged for 37 years, is 2.60 Sv and those of the eastern and western channels are 1.13 Sv and 1.47 Sv, respectively. The total volume transport through the Tsushima Straits tends to decrease with a roughly 15 year variation until 1992, then begins to increase.     

秦岭太白山顶近千年来的环境变化

秦岭太白山中世纪温暖期主要为松林或松林灌丛与寒温针叶林交替；小冰期为亚高山草甸，灌丛与寒温针叶林交替。中世纪温暖期年龄温比今高０．５－２℃、降水量增加２００ｍｍ左右。小冰期年均温比今低０．５－１℃，降水量与气温正相关。     

Two Modes of Salinity and Temperature Variation in the Surface Layer of the Pacific Warm Pool

The characteristics of temperature and salinity variation in the Pacific warm pool were investigated using Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis on one year's temperature and salinity data in the surface layer (0–50 m) obtained from the Triangle Trans-Ocean Buoy Network (TRITON) buoy array. Two dominant modes of surface temperature and salinity variation were found. One is a positive correlation mode where temperature and salinity were scattered almost parallel to isopycnal lines in a T-S diagram, which has little effect on the density field. The other is a negative correlation mode where temperature and salinity were distributed across isopycnal lines, which has a substantial impact on the density field. In particular, we found that the negative correlation mode at 5°N, 156°E was predominant on a seasonal time scale and contributed to the surface dynamic height variation, and therefore to surface geostrophic current. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.