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181.
H. P. Rossmanith V. Hochholdinger-Arsic K. Uenishi 《Fragblast: International Journal for Blasting and Fragmentation》2005,9(2):93-125
This contribution addresses model blasting and focuses on size and boundary effects on wave propagation, fracture pattern development and fragmentation in small scale laboratory size specimen. Small cylindrical specimens are centre-line loaded by linear high velocity of detonation explosive charges and detonated.
Using elastic wave propagation theory and fracture mechanics it is shown that the type of boundary conditions which prevail at the outer boundary of the cylinder control the extension of bore-hole cracking and fragmentation within the body of the cylinder. In the case of a composite cylinder with dissimilar mantel and core materials, the level of fracturing and fragmentation is controlled by the delamination of the interface. This, in turn, depends on the relative diameters of the core and the mantel. The most important parameter though is the ratio between the length of the pulse (space-wise or time-wise) and the characteristic dimensions of the models, i.e. in this case the diameters of the core and the mantel.
The theoretical basis for a simplified two-dimensional plane treatment is developed. Simple or composite, thin, plate-like specimens are centrally loaded; whereas the core is always a circle, the mantel can be either a circle or a square. 相似文献
Using elastic wave propagation theory and fracture mechanics it is shown that the type of boundary conditions which prevail at the outer boundary of the cylinder control the extension of bore-hole cracking and fragmentation within the body of the cylinder. In the case of a composite cylinder with dissimilar mantel and core materials, the level of fracturing and fragmentation is controlled by the delamination of the interface. This, in turn, depends on the relative diameters of the core and the mantel. The most important parameter though is the ratio between the length of the pulse (space-wise or time-wise) and the characteristic dimensions of the models, i.e. in this case the diameters of the core and the mantel.
The theoretical basis for a simplified two-dimensional plane treatment is developed. Simple or composite, thin, plate-like specimens are centrally loaded; whereas the core is always a circle, the mantel can be either a circle or a square. 相似文献
182.
183.
Voronoi图生成的栅格算法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了Voronoi图的矢量算法,从用于GIS的角度分析了该方法存在的问题和不足,提出Voronoi图生成的栅格方法。分析了利用传统的距离变换生成栅格Voronoi图的误差情况,对各种栅格算法从精度方面进行了分析,并给出了空间实体Voronoi图的生成过程。 相似文献
184.
泌阳断陷双河-赵凹地区下第三系核三上段陆相层序发育的可容空间机制 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
泌阳断陷湖盆基底呈“反铰链式”构造沉降。在湖平面变化和构造沉降共同作用下,泌阳断陷湖盆陡坡带的可容空间变化仅有三种可能性:a.南缘及北缘减小,中央带增加;b.南缘不变,中央带及北缘增加;c.南缘、中央带及北缘均增加。针对这三种情况,分别在不同的物源供给速率条件下,分析了断陷湖盆陡坡带不同构造部位的剩余可容空间变化规律及沉积响应特征。文中探讨了参照井选择的可容空间机理;以泌207井作为参照井,对下第三系核三上段的陆相层序进行了划分;并采用Fischer图解法,作出了其实际可容空间变化曲线。 相似文献
185.
Onno R. Pols Klaus-Peter Schro¨der Jarrod R. Hurley Christopher A. Tout & Peter P. Eggleton 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,298(2):525-536
We have calculated a grid of empirically well tested evolutionary tracks with masses M between 0.5 and 50 M⊙, spaced by approximately 0.1 in log M , and with metallicities Z = 0.0001, 0.0003, 0.001, 0.004, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03. We use a robust and fast evolution code with a self-adaptive non-Lagrangian mesh, which employs the mixing-length theory but treats convective mixing as a diffusion process, solving simultaneously for the structure and the chemical composition. The hydrogen and helium abundances are chosen as functions of the metallicity: X = 0.76 − 3.0 Z Y = 0.24 + 2.0 Z . Two sets of models were computed, one without and one with a certain amount of enhanced mixing or 'overshooting'. This amount has been empirically chosen by means of various sensitive tests for overshooting: (1) the luminosity of core helium burning (blue loop) giants of well-known mass, (2) the width of the main sequence as defined by double-lined eclipsing binaries with well-measured masses and radii, and (3) the shape and implied stellar distribution of isochrones of various open clusters. The first two tests have been the subject of previous papers, the third test is discussed in this paper. On the basis of these tests, we recommend the use of the overshooting models for masses above about 1.5M ⊙. We describe here the characteristics of the models, the procedure for constructing isochrones for arbitrary age and metallicity from the models, and the performance of these isochrones for several intermediate-age and old open clusters. All original models are available in electronic form and we describe the means by which they may be obtained. 相似文献
186.
极射赤平投影中的数学方法 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
本文提供了严格依据赤平投影原理并利用空间解析几何知识推导出的公式计算方法,可以写出已知产状的线或面的赤平投影方程,也能计算两线所共的面,两面的交线,线或面之间的夹角以及它们的平分线或平分面,可以进行真倾斜和视倾斜的换算,倾斜和侧伏的换算;模拟线面绕轴的旋转以及恢复节理的原始产状;最后阐述用计算机进行节理统计和绘制极点等密图的原理。所用的向量表示方法直观表达了相关构造要素之间的空间关系,可用于计算机辅助教学,也能用于生产实践,精度可达0.01°。 相似文献
187.
盐水体系热力学平衡态和非平衡态相图 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在对海水Na+、K+、Mg(2+)//CI-、SO4(2-)-H2O体系在25℃时或室温条件下采用合成复体法得到的平衡溶解度相图,蒸发结晶方式得到的蒸发相和采用过饱和溶液封闭静置结晶法得到的过饱和区相图进行对比分析,把它们划分成两种类型,热力学平衡态和非平衡态相图。对这两类相图关系进行探讨基础上认为,热力学非平衡相图主要是由于同一种盐在水溶液中是双粒子形式共存而引起过饱和溶解度现象所致。 相似文献
188.
为了简化旋转针锥光下一光轴出露时测定2V的赤平投影法的绘图手续,设计了本图解,只要测取θ,R,R′与φ四值,就能更快地求得2V值。 相似文献
189.
Fluid-rock interaction in some shear zones from the Pyrenees 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A. M. McCAIG 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1984,2(2):129-141
Abstract Mylonites from shear zones cutting Hercynian gneisses in the central Pyrenees have been studied in thin section and using the electron microprobe. The shear zones contain retrogressive greenschist facies assemblages implying introduction of an aqueous fluid during deformation in the zones. Textural evidence suggests that fluid-rock interaction occurred throughout the active life of the shear zones.
Whole-rock chemical changes during deformation are documented in a variety of mylonitic lithologies and retrogressed country rocks. The overall effect was to reduce chemical differences between lithologies. Activity diagrams show that this would be expected if a hydrous fluid was circulating between different lithologies during deformation. In most cases fluid/rock ratios were relatively small resulting in gradual chemical changes and repeated recrystallization. 'Open-system'behaviour with reduction in the number of phases is seen in some granite mylonites, suggesting focusing of fluid movement in parts of the shear zones. Continual fluid-rock interaction may have led to reaction-enhanced ductility in the shear zones over a long period of time. The source of fluid is uncertain, but may be related to underthrusting of material beneath the area investigated. 相似文献
Whole-rock chemical changes during deformation are documented in a variety of mylonitic lithologies and retrogressed country rocks. The overall effect was to reduce chemical differences between lithologies. Activity diagrams show that this would be expected if a hydrous fluid was circulating between different lithologies during deformation. In most cases fluid/rock ratios were relatively small resulting in gradual chemical changes and repeated recrystallization. 'Open-system'behaviour with reduction in the number of phases is seen in some granite mylonites, suggesting focusing of fluid movement in parts of the shear zones. Continual fluid-rock interaction may have led to reaction-enhanced ductility in the shear zones over a long period of time. The source of fluid is uncertain, but may be related to underthrusting of material beneath the area investigated. 相似文献
190.
A. A. P. S. R. Acharyulu B. Sreenivasa Murty B. K. Bhaumik 《Journal of Earth System Science》2004,113(3):321-352
Over the years a large number of rock samples were collected by the explorationists of Atomic Minerals Directorate for Exploration
and Research (AMD), Department of Atomic Energy from Sambalpur district, Orissa, India. The variation of uranium enrichment
with various types of rock in these samples was studied with an aim to help quick reviewing of toposheets in case of newly
taken up areas, for uranium exploration. The radioelements U, Th and K determined for these samples are plotted in ternary
diagrams for classifying them as being uraniferous or thoriferous with respect to various type of rocks, keeping the total
natural content of radioelements (expressed by eUP3O8) as a parameter.
In this study it is seen that samples of quartzofeldspathic breccia type are enriched in uranium irrespective of their further
sub classification and eU3O8 content. Granites are enriched in thorium when eU3O8 < 100 ppm and are enriched in uranium when eU3O8 > 100 ppm.
A database prepared for this purpose may be useful for reviewing toposheets in future 相似文献