全球地表覆盖信息语义目录服务共享

针对元数据缺乏语义描述和隐含关系推理能力,用户无法获得匹配度较高的地表覆盖信息并且检索到的相关资源数量较少的问题,本文在传统OGC目录服务中加入本体推理机制提出了地表覆盖语义目录服务,并以国家地理信息元数据标准为原型设计了地表覆盖元数据模型。随后以此为基础构建了地表覆盖元数据本体模型,并使用网络本体语言OWL对其进行形式化表达。最终通过构建地表覆盖语义目录服务,有效提高了地表覆盖资源的查全率和查准率,实现了地表覆盖信息的精准共享。     

国家应急测绘保障能力建设项目总体技术设计

我国是自然灾害多发国家,给人们生命、财产安全造成了极大威胁。应急测绘是我国突发事件应急体系和综合防灾减灾工作体系的重要组成部分。近年来,应急测绘装备和技术水平取得了巨大进展,构建规模化、协同化、覆盖全国的应急测绘保障能力已成为应急测绘保障工作的必然趋势。本文针对应急测绘保障工作的特点,分析了应急测绘业务流程和数据流程,提出了国家应急测绘保障能力建设的总体架构、建设内容设计和系统接口设计,讨论了项目建设的预期效果和下一步努力方向。相关研究可为进一步做好应急测绘保障工作的顶层设计、加强科学统筹工作奠定基础。     

Sea state estimation using vessel response in dynamic positioning

This paper presents a novel method for estimating the sea state parameters based on the heave, roll and pitch response of a vessel conducting station keeping automatically by a dynamic positioning (DP) system, i.e., without forward speed. The proposed algorithm finds the wave spectrum estimate from the response measurements by iteratively solving a set of linear equations, and it is computationally efficient. The main vessel parameters are required as input. Apart from this the method is signal-based, with no assumptions on the wave spectrum shape. Performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated on full-scale experimental DP data of a vessel in three different sea states at head, bow quartering, beam, stern quartering and following sea waves, respectively.     

中国大陆地壳形变GNSS站网简述及数据产品应用现状

自20世纪80年代中期以来,GNSS技术在高精度地壳运动观测与构造形变研究中取得了丰硕的成果,为大地测量、地球动力学研究和防震减灾等诸多领域的业务深化和应用拓展提供了强大的技术支撑。本文在回顾中国大陆地壳形变GNSS站网发展历程的基础上,阐述该网络产出的中国大陆长期构造运动速度场、中国大陆应变率场、位移时间序列、基线时间序列和多边形应变时间序列等几类基础产品,分析这些产品在中国大陆构造运动动态趋势和地震预测分析中的应用情况以及所面临的瓶颈问题,最后展望未来GNSS在高精度地壳运动监测应用中的发展方向。以中国大陆构造环境监测网络为基础,大力推进国内海量GNSS观测数据的共享,提升GNSS多系统融合定位精度,将产出更为精细的科学产品,更好地服务于中国大陆地壳运动和地震预测分析等研究。     

地震台站管理与仪器装备运行保障系统

为了提高地震观测台站的信息化管理水平,保障仪器装备高效稳定运行,促进台网数据交互共享,针对台站管理和装备保障业务关于省地震局-市县地震局-中心台的三级用户需求,以台站基础信息管理、仪器运行状态监控、技术保障信息管理为设计主线,利用ASP.NET 4.0和SQL Server 2008技术,以B/S模式采用Visual C#语言设计一套基于Web的地震台站和技术设备管理保障系统。用户根据不同权限,通过局域网即可实现对台站和仪器设备的基本信息管理、仪器安装运行管理、设备维护维修登记、实时设备运行监控、运行统计评估报表产出、信息展示等功能,具有较好的实用价值和推广前景。     

三维地图服务系统的研究与实现

提出并建立一个基于融合地形影像、高程、模型、矢量等数据场景的三维地图服务系统,提供三维基本功能、二三维联动以及数据共享管理等服务。本文主要研究三维地图服务系统的具体划分和实现方式,不仅实现各类三维数据的统一调用,而且更直观、快捷地为三维应用系统提供服务接口,高效地构建三维地理信息服务平台。     

亚纯函数涉及其一个导数IM分担一个值的一个唯一性

复平面上两个亚纯函数f（z）与g（z）,若IM分担{∞},它们的一个导数IM分担1,则或者f（z）≡g（z）,或者满足代数方程R（f,g）≡0,其中R（ω1,ω2）=ω^n（ω-1）^m-ω2^n（ω2-1）^m．     

桩靴贯入黏土层时邻近群桩相互作用分析

为研究钻井船插桩对邻近平台群桩相互作用的影响,采用耦合欧拉拉格朗日(CEL)方法对桩靴贯入黏土层时邻近群桩中各桩荷载分担比、桩头附加位移及两桩相互作用系数进行了分析。首先通过对缩尺模型试验的数值分析,验证了CEL方法的可行性;然后进一步分析了桩靴贯入黏土层时对邻近群桩相互作用的影响;最后探讨了净间距、桩间距对群桩相互作用的影响。结果表明,在桩靴贯入中,前桩的荷载分担比大于后桩,且桩靴贯入至一定深度后,当净间距越小或桩间距越大时,前桩的荷载分担比越大、后桩的荷载分担比越小,但各桩的荷载分担比随桩靴贯入深度增加时的变化规律不变;净间距越大,桩头附加位移及相互作用系数越小;在桩靴贯入时,由于受群桩遮拦效应的影响,桩头附加位移及相互作用系数随桩间距的变化规律同插桩前有所不同,当桩间距大于3倍桩径时,随桩间距的增加而减小,当桩间距小于3倍桩径时,随桩间距的增加而增大。     

风云三号气象卫星星地数据传输X频段链路干扰协调门限研究

风云三号系列气象卫星使用8025～8400 MHz频段将卫星探测数据传输给地面,该频段还有其它系统在使用,极易干扰风云三号气象卫星星地通讯,影响数据传输。目前,在该频段开展的兼容性分析研究工作中,所采取的系统关键特性参数和干扰保护限值大多数是直接引用国际电联相关建议书,没有对被干扰系统做干扰门限的精细计算,导致协调评估结果不准确,这也给该段频谱的协调使用和精细化管理等工作留下了很多潜在隐患。研究了卫星系统集总和单入干扰门限的计算方法,并根据风云三号卫星数据传输链路实际特性参数,分别得出其长期和短期集总干扰门限,并进一步研究得到来自空间长期和短期单入干扰协调门限,以及来自地面的长期和短期单入干扰协调门限,这些门限直接应用于风云三号气象卫星的频谱兼容性研究和频率协调,提高协调效率和协调精度。     

Patterns in the spatial distribution of Peruvian anchovy (Engraulis ringens) revealed by spatially explicit fishing data

Peruvian anchovy (Engraulis ringens) stock abundance is tightly driven by the high and unpredictable variability of the Humboldt Current Ecosystem. Management of the fishery therefore cannot rely on mid- or long-term management policy alone but needs to be adaptive at relatively short time scales. Regular acoustic surveys are performed on the stock at intervals of 2 to 4 times a year, but there is a need for more time continuous monitoring indicators to ensure that management can respond at suitable time scales. Existing literature suggests that spatially explicit data on the location of fishing activities could be used as a proxy for target stock distribution. Spatially explicit commercial fishing data could therefore guide adaptive management decisions at shorter time scales than is possible through scientific stock surveys. In this study we therefore aim to (1) estimate the position of fishing operations for the entire fleet of Peruvian anchovy purse–seiners using the Peruvian satellite vessel monitoring system (VMS), and (2) quantify the extent to which the distribution of purse–seine sets describes anchovy distribution. To estimate fishing set positions from vessel tracks derived from VMS data we developed a methodology based on artificial neural networks (ANN) trained on a sample of fishing trips with known fishing set positions (exact fishing positions are known for approximately 1.5% of the fleet from an at-sea observer program). The ANN correctly identified 83% of the real fishing sets and largely outperformed comparative linear models. This network is then used to forecast fishing operations for those trips where no observers were onboard. To quantify the extent to which fishing set distribution was correlated to stock distribution we compared three metrics describing features of the distributions (the mean distance to the coast, the total area of distribution, and a clustering index) for concomitant acoustic survey observations and fishing set positions identified from VMS. For two of these metrics (mean distance to the coast and clustering index), fishing and survey data were significantly correlated. We conclude that the location of purse–seine fishing sets yields significant and valuable information on the distribution of the Peruvian anchovy stock and ultimately on its vulnerability to the fishery. For example, a high concentration of sets in the near coastal zone could potentially be used as a warning signal of high levels of stock vulnerability and trigger appropriate management measures aimed at reducing fishing effort.