夏半年青藏高原东部大气热源时间变化特征

本文利用１９８３－１９９２年夏半年逐日控空资料，计算了青藏高原东部大气热源和水汽汇，讨论了高原东部热源平均值的日变化，季节内变化，季节变化和年际变化。结果表明，热源和水汽汇铅直廓线存在明显的日变化，夏半年平均热源日变化振幅为１－２℃／Ｄａｙ，水汽汇为１－１．５℃／Ｄａｙ，热源铅直积分显示准双周振动特征，各半夏半年热源滤波曲线表明，７，８月份准双周振动较弱，５，６和９月份较强。     

白洋淀地区土壤——植物系统中污染物含量与变化规律研究

研究长期利用城市污水浇灌的农田土壤--植物系统中污染物的含量及其行为与归宿，不仅对农田生态系统的环境质量控制有重要意义[1],同时，还可以为合理发展污灌，实现污水资源化，促进农业生产的持续发展提供科学依据[2].本文调查了华北白洋淀地区典型污灌农田土壤中污染物含量及其在土壤--植物系统中分布和累积状况。结果表明，污灌区土壤中某些重金属含量有一定的累积趋势。目前，这些重金属对农田作物无明显危害，大部分累积在根部。加强科学管理和污灌指导，利用农田作为土地处理系统来消纳污水中耗氧有机物，是本地区近期可行的污水资源化途径之一。     

关键海区海温异常的变化与中国区域降水和气温的关系

利用 １９５１年到 １９９８年的月平均海温资料及同时期中国 １６０个测站的降水和气温的月平均资料,选用海温异常的变化趋势一变温,讨论了关键海区海温异常的变化与我国降水和气温的关系,旨在探讨变温因子与我国降水和气温的关系与海温距平与降水和气温的关系有什么不同,用变温因子能否降低降水预报的不确定性。结果表明：降水异常对海温异常两种变化趋势的响应不完全相同,说明分别讨论同一种海温异常态的两种变化趋势对降水的影响比单独讨论海温距平对降水的影响更有效一些,有助于降低预报的不确定性;除西太平洋海区外,气温异常对各海区海温异常两种变化趋势的响应较一致。降水异常对变温的响应与对海温异常的响应,有一致之处,也有不同之处。     

SiO2地温计沸腾校正方法在高原地区的适用性分析

热储温度是开展地热资源研究的关键参数之一。地热勘查中常用基于地热流体化学和同位素数据的经验公式来评价没有钻孔或者钻孔未达到实际热储层情况下深部热储的温度。SiO_2地温计应用最为广泛,对于发生了绝热沸腾的地热流体,通常采用Fournier等提出的100℃沸腾条件下的校正公式。考虑到海拔会影响沸点,本文从SiO_2溶解度方程和温度相关性着手,评价了SiO_2地温计沸腾校正方法在高原地区的适用性。结果表明Fournier(1977)及Fournier和Potter(1982)提出的100℃条件下SiO_2绝热沸腾校正方法得到的误差分别为2.4%和1.1%,可以代表深部热储温度,即SiO_2地温计沸腾校正方法在高原地区也是适用的。     

Interannual Sea Level Variations and Annual Tides in the Northwestern Pacific

Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone.     

环境因素诱发锯缘青蟹幼体发育期变化的研究

首次报道了锯缘青蟹幼体发育期的变化现象，即：蚤状幼体阶段多了１个发育期（正常５个，异常６个）。发育期的变化与环境因素有关。     

Stochastic Modeling of Short Term Variations of Sea Level in Eastern Canada

Hourly sea level records from three stations in eastern Canada (Québec-Lauzon, Harrington-Harbour and Halifax) are analyzed both in frequency domain from 1970 to 1979 and in time domain during 1973. At the three stations, the deterministic model explains 90 to 96% of the total variability of sea level. The semidiurnal and diurnal tides contribute largely to its variations. The residual series, less than 10% of the initial variations of sea level, contain irregular values including extreme values of seiches and storm surges. Such random variations are analyzed and modeled following the method described by Box and Jenkins (1976). The long period variations (2 to 30 days) can be attributed to meteorological forcing (atmospheric pressure and winds). The short period variations (some hours to one day) can be attributed to longitudinal seiches, semidiurnal and diurnal atmospheric tides, and inertial oscillations. The water discharge from the St. Lawrence River contributes 29% of the monthly residual sea level at Qué     

罗源湾海水中粪大肠菌群的分布和年际变化

本文于2003年1月到2005年12月对罗源湾海区表层海水中的粪大肠菌群数量和分布进行了调查监测。监测结果表明：罗源湾表层海水中粪大肠菌群的数量在〈2～540个／100mL之间,3年中月平均高值出现在8到10月份,低值出现在1到4月份,且年平均值呈逐年递增。原因分析发现,影响湾内海水中FCB的月平均值数量变化的最主要因素是降水量。另外通过多点采样结果比较,发现罗源湾表层海水中FCB的空间分布呈现为：湾内腹海区〉湾中间海区〉湾口海区。通过国家海水水质标准（GB3097-1997）对本次的调查监测结果进行评价,从2003年到2005年罗源湾海区海水中粪大肠菌群的达标率分别为100％,98．0％和97．9％,表明罗源湾海区表层海水的FCB污染相对较轻。     

Interannual Sea Level Variations and Annual Tides in the Northwestern Pacific

Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone.     

不同频段上极移,日长变化与大气角动量变化激发结果的比较

本文用ＪＭＡ大气角动量序列计算了对极移和日长变化的激发量（ｍ＇１、ｍ＇２和ｍ＇３），并分三个频段与天文观测得到的地球自转参数序列（ｍ１、ｍ２和ｍ３）进行了比较．结果表明：在钱德勒和季节性频段上，大气运动确实是固体地球自转变化的主要激发源．