常见含水流体包裹体体系pH值的程序计算

常见成矿流体可以近似为CO2-H2O-NaCl体系及其子体系,在成矿过程中一旦被矿物捕获和封存,就会形成流体包裹 体。基于对流体包裹体的热力学研究,可以获得成矿流体的温度、压力和组成等物理化学参数。虽然pH值是一个重要的物 理化学参数,但是对于含水流体包裹体pH值的研究,一直处于探索阶段。目前只有少数研究者实验测定了CO2-H2O-NaCl体 系的pH值,部分研究者建立了热力学模型来计算该体系的pH值。本文结合前人工作,对重要的流体包裹体系（H2O、 NaCl-H2O和CO2-H2O-NaCl） 的pH值计算模型进行了系统归纳,并给出相关体系精确的计算程序。这些体系的执行程序代码 可以从论文出单位或通讯作者获得。     

Aridity trend and response to vegetation restoration in the loess hilly region of northern Shaanxi Province

Detecting variation trend in dry-wet conditions can provide information for developing strategic measures to mitigate the impacts of global warming, particularly in dry regions. Taking the hilly region of northern Shaanxi on the Loess Plateau as a case area, this study analyzed the trend of aridity variation during 1981-2012, and explored the effect of vegetation restoration promoted by the Grain-for-Green (GFG) program implemented in 1999. The results indicated that the aridity in the region was non-significantly increased by 0.88% per year during 1981-2012, showing a drying trend. This drying trend and amplitude were changed by the influence of vegetation restoration promoted by the GFG program, based on two findings. The first one was that the aridity variation tended to increase during 1981-1999 while it turned to decrease during 2000-2012, with the regional mean relative change rate changed from 2.45% to -1.06%. This distinction was more remarkable in the loess gully region, where the vegetation was improved more obviously. The second one was that the mean vegetation coverage as indicated by EVI increased by 0.90% to 4.32% per year at county level, while the aridity decreased by 0.14% to 2.32% per year during 2000-2012. The regression analysis using the mean county data indicated that the change rate of aridity was negatively related to that of EVI with the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.56, illustrating that around half of the aridity decline was explained by the EVI change. The mechanism of this effect was complicated, but it was found that the wind speed decline induced by the vegetation improvement could be an important contributor. It is concluded that the region became drier during 1981-2012, but the eco-restoration reduced the drying speed. However, this conclusion is involved in uncertainties, and further study based on experiments is needed to confirm the effect of the GFG-promoted vegetation restoration.     

辽宁省主体功能区划分方法研究

根据《国家"十一五"规划纲要》提出的省域主体功能区划分要求并结合辽宁省实际,探讨了主体功能区划分的基本思路和一般方法。设定"县域"为分析评价单元,对照主体功能区的基本定义,根据地区经济社会发展总体布局战略以及其他较为显著的地理特征进行"感性试划",即通过定性分析断定一部分主体功能区的类型归属,这些单元称之为"易划区"。对于通过"感性试划"不能断定主体功能区类型的分析评价单元称之为"难划区",采用多指标综合评判法和关键指标判别法进行"理性试划",最终形成主体功能区划分方案。采用定性判断与定量研究相结合、理性分析和政府战略相结合、综合指标分析与关键指标判别相结合的主体功能区划分思路和方法,取得的区划方案易被政府和社会各方接受。     

测震台址勘选数据处理辅助程序设计与应用

针对测震台址勘选中数据处理的重要性和计算结果的真实性,避免在数据处理过程中因手工分析计算出现错误,通过深入分析手工计算流程,设计编写了一套辅助控制程序,配合EDSP-IAS和地噪声处理软件,实现勘选数据处理流程的自动运行与管理,避免因人为因素出现差错,为台址勘选实测地噪声值数据批处理提供便捷。该辅助程序可用于烈度速报新建台址勘选数据批处理工作。     

数字地震台网对不同区域地震事件的震中定位研究

应用广东数字遥测地震台网数据,通过对广东省周边50 km以外的62次地震重新定位,对比研究广东数字遥测地震台网数据处理软件提供的几种地震定位程序,初步认为:中国东南部、西北部地区及国外距广东地区较近的位于中国东南方向的印尼、日本等地区的地震,3种定位方法均可对其进行定位;而分布在国外较远地区的地震,用Hyposat及locSAT定位程序尚可,且locSAT优于Hyposat定位程序,而单纯型定位程序几乎不能用。     

Influential factors in evaluating the construction pore pressure in earth dams by using UDAM program

The aim of this article is to discuss about the influential parameters affecting the state of the pore pressure within the low permeability section of an earth dam body during the periods of construction, immediately after construction, and also during some times elapsing after construction. Because the condition of soil in constructing earth dams is usually unsaturated, so the matter of unsaturated soils should be considered here and a special finite element program suitable to this topic needs to be applied. The finite element program used in this study is the UDAM finite element program which has been compiled specifically for illustrating the behavior of unsaturated soils. The results of the UDAM computations are discussed in view of the pore water pressure developed within the body of dam slope during the stages of construction, and its maximum positive values immediately after the construction and its variations in the post-construction times are shown. Because the positive pore pressure decreases the shear strength of soil and the negative pressure (i.e. suction) increases the strength, the state of slope stability is correlated with the influential factors which can affect the situation of pore pressure distribution within a given section. Therefore, based on the present computations, the effect of height of embankment, initial degree of saturation, coefficient of permeability, degree of compaction and finally the effect of elapsing time are illustrated.     

On the existence of small comets and their interactions with planets

Arguments are presented for a substantial, unexplored population of comets with radii less than 1 km. Known examples confirm this population and extrapolation of any plausible size-distribution function indicates large numbers. However, their accurate numbers, orbital characteristics, and physical properties are unknown. Thus, even though the small comets may be the most frequent cometary bodies impacting the planets, a quantitative evaluation is not currently possible. We advocate an optimized, dedicated search program to characterize this population.Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at BoulderLaboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at BoulderLaboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder     

内存当磁盘——LASER310上实现程序链接

本文设计了一个程序,将待传递的数据POKE入受保护的内存单元,使LA5ER 310电子计算机仅借助于录音机就可以实现程序链接,从而使不具备磁盘机的LASER 310运行大程序成为现实。     

利用数字化地形图进行土方计算的方法

土方计算是工程测量中经常遇到的工作,本文介绍如何利用直线相交判断法判断已知高程点（已知设计标高）对于待计算格网点的有效性,并对符合条件的高程点（设计标高）采用适合的插值模型计算格网点的高程（设计标高）,同时对程序的实现过程进行了介绍.     

土地利用更新调查中新旧图斑对照的比较方法

以常州市某地土地利用现状更新调查工作为例，总结了新旧图斑对照比较存在的问题，并在CAD和Excel中利用VBA开发了一套实用程序，介绍了程序编写的基本思想，在CAD中提取图斑数据比较，认为本办法是可行的。