The history of the development of procedures for the rapid assessment of environmental conditions to aid the urban regeneration process at London Docklands

A process of urban regeneration of the former industrial dock area of east London by the London Docklands Development Corporation (LDDC) recognised the importance of geotechnical and geoenvironmental information. A systematic programme of data collection was implemented and stored in a series of bespoke computer database systems and cartographic registers. These allowed retrieval and manipulation of the data to provide rapid site assessments. The understanding of the natural setting of the area was enhanced as a consequence of the collation exercise. The data stored included geotechnical and environmental information on soil and groundwater. The hydrogeological regime was modelled by computer to determine the consequences of development on groundwater movement. In addition, a cartographic register of historic land use was developed. This gave instant detail on the potential for contamination of a site and became a fundamental tool in the UK planning process of the area. The information from the separate systems was finally combined into a geographic information system.     

城乡火险预报模式探讨

文章探讨了建立火险预报模式的必要性和可行性，分析了1981～1990年辽宁省火灾次数与风速、月降水量和相对湿度的关系。并从概念模式出发，讨论了与火险有关的逐因子，建立了定量的火险预报模式，试用效果较好。     

机车车辆滚动振动试验台的精密测量

本文针对国家重点牵引力动力实验室的机车车辆整车滚动振动试验台的特点，探讨了一套适合试验台安装和养护的精密测量方法，实践证明，这套方法能满足试验台安装所需的精度要求。     

广州信息密集服务业的空间发展及其对城市地域结构的影响

采用第三产业普查资料,深入分析了改革开放以来广州信息密集服务业的发展水平,空间发展特征和原因及其对城市地域结构的影响,揭示了信息密集服务业发展与城市地域运动的关系。     

灰色理论应用于轨道交通一号线一期工程承重墩沉降分析

介绍了沉降监测数据处理理论方法,讨论了灰色模型法预测沉降的过程,分析了武汉轨道交通一期工程承重墩沉降监测数据,结果表明其基础是基本稳定的。     

城市地下管线信息化建设框架研究

目前,我国各城市相继展开地下管线普查、地下管线信息系统的建设工作,力求建立科学、准确、完整、动态的综合管线信息管理系统,但也都普遍存在一些问题。本文针对管线信息化过程中普遍存在的这些问题,提出站在城市的高度,统筹规划管线信息系统的建设工作。并通过对现代城市发展过程中城市管线信息需求的分析,给出了城市地下管线信息化建设的一种框架。     

Assessment with satellite data of the urban heat island effects in Asian mega cities

This study focuses on using remote sensing for comparative assessment of surface urban heat island (UHI) in 18 mega cities in both temperate and tropical climate regions. Least-clouded day- and night-scenes of TERRA/MODIS acquired between 2001 and 2003 were selected to generate land-surface temperature (LST) maps. Spatial patterns of UHIs for each city were examined over its diurnal cycle and seasonal variations. A Gaussian approximation was applied in order to quantify spatial extents and magnitude of individual UHIs for inter-city comparison. To reveal relationship of UHIs with surface properties, UHI patterns were analyzed in association with urban vegetation covers and surface energy fluxes derived from high-resolution Landsat ETM+ data. This study provides a generalized picture on the UHI phenomena in the Asian region and the findings can be used to guide further study integrating satellite high-resolution thermal data with land-surface modeling and meso-scale climatic modeling in order to understand impacts of urbanization on local climate in Asia.     

建筑群对城市冠层动力、热力效应的数值试验研究

利用中尺度模式MM5,分别耦合传统的边界层参数化方案和城市冠层参数化方案,模拟了2001年冬季北京冠层大气的动力、热力特征,并和观测资料进行了对比分析.分析结果表明,城市冠层参数化方案更能细致描述建筑群对城市冠层大气的动力、热力作用.由于建筑群的动力、热力作用,使北京城区的温度升高,风速减小,湍流动能增强,形成了明显的增温区、阻风区和湍能增强区,中心均位于城区高大建筑群附近,并向郊区递减.     

城镇地籍数据更新与监理入库子系统设计方案探讨

本文结合作者目前所从事的城镇地籍数据库建设工作的相关经验,论述了城镇地籍数据库建设面临数据不断更新的需求,并基于城镇地籍管理信息系统,提出了一整套具有实际操作意义的城镇地籍数据更新、数据监理、数据入库模块的设计方案。