A synthesis of iron deposits in the eastern Tianshan,NW China

The northern Xinjiang region is one of the most significant iron metallogenic provinces in China.Iron deposits are found mainly within three regions:the Altay,western Tianshan,and eastern Tianshan orogenic belts.Previous studies have elaborated on the genesis of Fe deposits in the Altay orogenic belt and western Tianshan.However,the geological characteristics and mineralization history of iron deposits in the eastern Tianshan are still poorly understood.In this paper I describe the geological characteristics of iron deposits in the eastern Tianshan,and discuss their genetic types as well as metallogenic-tectonic settings,Iron deposits are preferentially distributed in central and southern parts of the eastern Tianshan.The known iron deposits in the eastern Tianshan show characteristics of magmatic Fe-Ti-V(e.g.,Weiya and Niumaoquan),sedimentary-metamorphic type(e.g.,Tianhu),and iron skarn(e.g.,Hongyuntan).In addition to the abovementioned iron deposits,many iron deposits in the eastern Tianshan are hosted in submarine volcanic rocks with well-developed skarn mineral assemblages.Their geological characteristics and magnetite compositions suggest that they may belong to distal skarns.SIMS zircon U-Pb analyses suggest that the Fe-Ti oxide ores from Niumaoquan and Weiya deposits were formed at 307.7±1.3 Ma and 242.7±1.9 Ma,respectively.Combined with available isotopic age data,the timing of Fe mineralization in the eastern Tianshan can be divided into four broad intervals:Early Ordovician-Early Silurian(476-438 Ma),Carboniferous(335-303 Ma),Early Permian(295-282 Ma),and Triassic(ca.243 Ma).Each of these episodes corresponds to a period of subduction,post-collision,and intraplate tectonics during the Paleozoic and Mesozoic time.     

浅论栖霞市地质遗迹资源的保护和利用

栖霞市是烟台地区唯一的内陆县级市,独特的地理优势造就了丰富的地质遗迹资源,包括典型的花岗岩地貌、岱崮地貌、丰富的地热资源、更新世化石遗址、矿冶遗址、地质灾害遗迹、地质构造形迹等。通过对该地区地质遗迹资源保护工作中存在问题的分析,提出了正确处理地质遗迹资源区旅游与保护的关系。     

镇江地质灾害治理工程项目管理中的问题与对策探讨

地质灾害治理工程项目管理是地质灾害管理的具体体现和实施过程,其基本任务是根据地质灾害管理目标和管理方法,组织实施防治工程,保障取得预期的减灾成果。就镇江市地质灾害治理工程项目管理目前现状,从规范文件、招标机构、管理工具、管理经验、干扰因素、风险评价、人员素质等方面进行粗浅分析,并针对存在的问题提出相应的对策,借以提高镇江市地质灾害治理工程项目管理的能力和水平,以便今后地质灾害治理项目管理更好地完善和发展。     

全国地质资料馆网站访问分析

通过万瑞数据TM互联网全数据整合应用平台,对全国地质资料馆网站在2009年8月5日0时至9月4日24时之间的独立用户数、页面浏览量、访问次数、访问深度、访问频率、平均访问停留时长6个指标进行了统计分析。研究发现,网站访问者主要为专业人员,用户来自以北京为主的国内33个省(自治区、直辖市)和以美国为主的12个国家;网站的页面浏览量虽少,但访问深度和停留时长较强,用户的粘性较好,远大于媒体型网站的用户访问粘度。网站存在访问人员数量较少、关键词专业性强、用户分布不均衡、网站内容更新不及时等问题。建议网站采取适时更新内容、创新表现形式、加强宣传等措施,以吸引更多的用户访问。     

Hydrocarbon lakes on Titan

The Huygens Probe detected dendritic drainage-like features, methane clouds and a high surface relative humidity (∼50%) on Titan in the vicinity of its landing site [Tomasko, M.G., and 39 colleagues, 2005. Nature 438, 765-778; Niemann, H.B., and 17 colleagues, 2005. Nature 438, 779-784], suggesting sources of methane that replenish this gas against photo- and charged-particle chemical loss on short (10-100) million year timescales [Atreya, S.K., Adams, E.Y., Niemann, H.B., Demick-Montelara, J.E., Owen, T.C., Fulchignoni, M., Ferri, F., Wilson, E.H., 2006. Planet. Space Sci. In press]. On the other hand, Cassini Orbiter remote sensing shows dry and even desert-like landscapes with dunes [Lorenz, R.D., and 39 colleagues, 2006a. Science 312, 724-727], some areas worked by fluvial erosion, but no large-scale bodies of liquid [Elachi, C., and 34 colleagues, 2005. Science 308, 970-974]. Either the atmospheric methane relative humidity is declining in a steady fashion over time, or the sources that maintain the relative humidity are geographically restricted, small, or hidden within the crust itself. In this paper we explore the hypothesis that the present-day methane relative humidity is maintained entirely by lakes that cover a small part of the surface area of Titan. We calculate the required minimum surface area coverage of such lakes, assess the stabilizing influence of ethane, and the implications for moist convection in the atmosphere. We show that, under Titan's surface conditions, methane evaporates rapidly enough that shorelines of any existing lakes could potentially migrate by several hundred m to tens of km per year, rates that could be detected by the Cassini orbiter. We furthermore show that the high relative humidity of methane in Titan's lower atmosphere could be maintained by evaporation from lakes covering only 0.002-0.02 of the whole surface.     

综合物探方法在地质灾害评价中的应用

随着经济的发展及矿产资源的日益紧缺,矿石价格也在不断的上扬,人们对资源的开发热度也大为提高。经济发展和环境保护的不协调性导致了一系列的环境地质问题。本文主要探讨了在矿产资源开发中应用物探方法对已存在的或潜在的地质环境灾害进行探测和预报,为地质灾害防治提供地学依据。     

模糊方法在地质灾害危险性评价中的应用

地质灾害评估是协调人地关系研究的重要内容,可为大型工程建设的前期工作提供基本依据。本文采用模糊综合评价法,选择历史灾害危险性、潜在灾害危险性2个基本要素和相应的8个评价因子,对甘肃省洮河莲麓水电站建设用地地质灾害危险性进行了评估。结果表明:河谷地貌区和山间盆地地貌区地质灾害危险性中等,中山地貌区地质灾害危险性小。     

广清高速公路改扩建工程岩溶塌陷主要影响因素分析

岩溶塌陷对工程建设的影响不容小视。为了研究广清高速公路改扩建工程中影响岩溶塌陷的两个主要因素冲击荷载作用和地下水下降对塌陷的影响程度,在资料收集和现场调研的基础上,统计工程区12处岩溶塌陷的基本情况,总结塌陷特征并分析影响塌陷的主要因素,建立与实际覆盖层结构相符的塌陷地质模型-砂土+粉质黏土+灰岩地质模型。根据极限平衡理论,分别在冲击荷载和水位下降两种力学作用下对塌陷地质模型进行稳定性计算。通过计算得出,最大冲击荷载的作用在一定程度上会影响覆盖层的稳定性,但不是导致地面塌陷的主要因素,而地下水位下降对工程区岩溶塌陷起到了决定性的作用。通过进一步分析水位下降对塌陷的影响程度,确定水位降幅4m为警戒值, 6m为危险值,为保证施工的安全性提供一定的理论依据。     

Establishment and closure of the directed Florida whiting (Menticirrhus americanus) fishery and implications for North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) conservation and management

Today, ocean and coastal marine resource management is extremely complex. Marine resource managers are charged with conserving and managing many diverse species. Southern kingfish (Menticirrhus americanus), commonly known as whiting, are found from southern New England to Florida. During the fall through winter, western North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) are primarily found in the coastal nearshore waters off South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, overlapping the whiting's range and habitat.     

Will American consumers pay more for eco-friendly labeled canned tuna? Estimating US consumer demand for canned tuna varieties using scanner data

This study estimates consumer demand for eco-friendly labeled canned tuna products in two distinct US marketing channels, conventional and natural supermarkets, to evaluate market-based incentives for conservation measures that affect fishing costs and retail prices. Using retail scanner data, this paper finds that US consumer demand for canned tuna varies depending on the species of tuna, what gear type was used, whether the can is sold in natural food or conventional supermarkets, and whether canned product is or is not certified as eco-friendly. The paper's main conclusions are that retail price premiums for eco-friendly products face upper limits due to consumer responses to higher prices, and are most effective when coupled with: (1) inelastic own-price elasticity of demand; (2) price premium signals that are transmitted from retail markets to raw material producers; and (3) limited retail consumption substitution possibilities with lower-priced conventional products that help maintain price premiums and that otherwise create conservation disincentives by increasing conventional supply. Results from this paper not only have unique implications for various forms of international tuna fisheries policy that incorporates or anticipates change in market behavior, but also could serve as a scientific reference to clarify the trade disputes.