未来能源──氢及其制取工艺

叙述了氢及其同位素的性质，提出了几种制氢的方案，并通过电解水制氢和在切割上代替氧（乙炔的应用取得的成果，为氢取代矿物燃料而走进家庭的研究打下基础。氢可储存，氢也可在交通上作为燃料，并且没有污染，是未来的重要能源之一。     

A Generalized Backward Euler algorithm for the numerical integration of an isotropic hardening elastoplastic model for mechanical and chemical degradation of bonded geomaterials

An extended version of the classical Generalized Backward Euler (GBE) algorithm is proposed for the numerical integration of a three‐invariant isotropic‐hardening elastoplastic model for cemented soils or weak rocks undergoing mechanical and non‐mechanical degradation processes. The restriction to isotropy allows to formulate the return mapping algorithm in the space of principal elastic strains. In this way, an efficient and robust integration scheme is developed which can be applied to relatively complex yield surface and plastic potential functions. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can be linearized in closed form, thus allowing for quadratic convergence in the global Newton iteration. A series of numerical experiments are performed to illustrate the accuracy and convergence properties of the algorithm. Selected results from a finite element analysis of a circular footing on a soft rock layer undergoing chemical weathering are then presented to illustrate the algorithm performance at the boundary value problem level. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

IERS综合河外射电源表的检验

本文对ＩＥＲＳ综合河外射电源表进行了检验，指出１９８８至１９９１各年度的ＩＥＲＳ综合河外射电源表中均存在坐标系统不一致问题，部分射电源的位置坐标中带有几个毫角秒的偏差，与公认精度不符。坐标系统不一致问题影响了ＩＥＲＳ综合表的指向维持，使此维持仅限于数学意义上的平均水平，失去了明确的物理意义。     

洛阳市供水前景预测及对策探讨

洛阳市地下水资源量丰质优，远期供水前景较为乐观。然而，由地下水开采引起的环境水文地质问题仍属客观存在。本文在供水前景预测的基础上，提出了五项对策，对城市远期供水规划具借鉴意义。     

HAXTEL: A Laue lens telescope development project for a deep exploration of the hard X-ray sky (> 60 keV)

A review of the HAXTEL project devoted to the development of a Laue lens telescope for hard X-/gamma-ray observation of the continuum spectra of celestial sources is presented. Main design properties, open issues, the status of the project and an example of multi-lens configuration with sensitivity expectations are discussed.     

地震属性分析在块碳酸盐岩储层研究中的应用

通过对也门1区块地层特征及电测资料的分析,从目的层段精细层位标定入手,确定属性提取的时窗大小,沿层提取1区块西北部盐上、盐下两套碳酸盐岩储集层地震属性.综合应用地震属性技术研究碳酸盐储层的剖面和平面分布特征,预测碳酸盐储层"孔-洞-缝"发育区.     

刘店煤矿岩浆侵入与煤质特征初探

岩浆侵入是煤矿常见的构造现象之一,岩浆侵入后对煤层与煤质的影响也十分明显,岩浆侵入不仅破坏了煤层的原生结构、厚度、构造,还改变了煤质.本文依据刘店煤矿的勘探资料,对淮北矿业集团公司筹建矿井--刘店煤矿的岩浆侵入与煤质特征进行了探讨,以期为刘店煤矿的生产提供有益的帮助.     

Geochronology and geochemistry of lithium-rich tuffs in the Sichuan basin,western Yangtze: Implication for the magmatic origin and final closure of eastern Paleo-Tethys

The felsic volcanogenic tuffs named “green-bean rocks” (GBRs), characterized by a green or yellowish green color, are widely distributed in the western Yangtze platform and have a high lithium content (286–957 ppm). This paper studies the ages, origin and tectonic setting of the GBRs in the Sichuan basin on the western margin of the Yangtze platform through the whole-rock geochemistry and zircon trace elements by using U–Pb dating and Hf–O isotopes. The GBR samples from the Quxian and Beibei sections yielded zircon U–Pb ages of 245.5 ± 1.8 Ma and 244.8 ± 2.2 Ma. These samples can be used as the isochronous stratigraphic marker of the Early–Middle Triassic boundary (EMTB) for regional correlation. The whole-rock and zircon geochemistry, and zircon Hf–O isotopes exhibited S-type geochemical affinities with high positive δ¹⁸O values (9.28‰–11.98‰), low negative ε_Hf(t) values (?13.87 to ? 6.79), and T_DM² ages of 2150–1703 Ma, indicating that the lithium-rich GBRs were generated by the remelting of the pre-existing ancient Paleoproterozoic layer without mantle source contamination in the arc-related/orogenic tectonic setting. The results of this study demonstrate that the lithium-rich GBRs in the western Yangtze platform were derived from arc volcanic eruptions along the Sanjiang orogen, triggered by the closure of the eastern Paleo-Tethys Ocean and the syn-collision between the continental Indochina and Yangtze blocks at ca. 247 Ma. This was marked by a major shift from I-type magmas with intermediate ε_Hf(t) values to S-type magmas with low negative ε_Hf(t) values. Collectively, our results provide new insights into the origin of the GBRs and decodes the closure of the eastern Paleo-Tethys.     

黔西北大方地区龙潭组海陆过渡相烃源岩特征及评价

黔西北大方地区龙潭组以泥页岩、煤层与砂岩交替互层发育为特点,具有典型的海陆过渡相特征。文章在剖面实测和样品采集的基础上,结合全岩和黏土矿物XRD分析、总有机碳(TOC)含量测定、岩石热解、干酪根显微组分及镜质体反射率(R_O)等分析,对研究区龙潭组烃源岩发育特征进行了研究和评价。结果表明: ① 龙潭组矿物以黏土矿物为主,具有较强的吸附能力,但黏土矿物含量与石英含量呈明显的负相关关系(R>0.8),尤其是泥页岩中70%以上的黏土含量以及较低的脆性指数增加了压裂开发的难度。 ② 龙潭组有机质丰度受岩性变化控制明显。煤层具有最高的TOC含量(平均值42.9%)和生烃潜量(平均值为2.68 mg/g),显示强大的煤层气生烃潜力;泥页岩生烃潜量均小于2 mg/g,但约有80%样品的TOC含量超过2%,页岩气资源潜力不及煤层气;粉砂岩生烃潜力最差,生烃潜量平均值为0.13 mg/g,TOC含量为1.4%~5.6%,显示一定的致密气潜力。 ③ 龙潭组有机显微组以壳质组和镜质组占主导,干酪根以Ⅲ型为主,Ⅱ₂型为辅,热演化程度高,处于高-过成熟的生干气阶段。 ④ 煤层更为发育的龙潭组中段是大方地区煤层气、页岩气和致密砂岩气联合勘探的有利层段。