较低温度(580～700℃)合成的高Tc(Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O)系超导体

按照名义组分1113和1112以较低的烧结温度(580～700℃)获得了一系列高Tc Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O系超导体,其最佳样品的零电阻温度为112K。电子衍射分析表明,样品中含有两相,主相属四方晶系,晶胞参数为a=b=0.547nm.c=2.931nm.α=β=Υ=90°,空间群为I4/mmm次相属正交晶系,晶胞参数为a=0.335nm,b=0.989nm.c=1.654nm,.α=β=Υ=90°,空间群为Pmmm。     

不可见金的赋存状态研究

电子探针、扫描电镜和溶矿试验研究证明，在某地“卡林型”金矿中，黄铁矿是最主要的载金矿物。黄铁矿由先期形成的含Au和As很低的自形晶核心和后期形成的含Au和As很高的环边组成，其中Au和As呈正消长关系。因此，根据As的分布情况即可研究和认识Au的分布规律。研究结果为改善矿石的氧化焙烧、氯化处理和氰化浸出工艺设计提供了科学依据。     

Plateau de bure observations of IRC+10216: high sensitivity maps of SiC2, SiS,and CS

We have obtained high angular resolution ( 3), and high sensitivity maps of IRC+10216. SiC₂ is found both in a spherical shell and in the very central region, indicating it is formed both in the inner envelope close to the star, and in the outer shell. The molecules SiS and CS are mostly found in the inner parts of the envelope, but are still detectable in the outer region (r 15) where the products of photochemistry are found. The maps show that IRC+10216 has a very clumpy envelope, with strong departures from spherical symmetry; an axis oriented NS-SW (P.A. 20°) can be seen in all maps. The radial brightness distribution of CS has secondary maxima, at the radius where the SiC₂ shell has its peak emission. A preliminary map shows CN in the same shell, but also in a still larger outer shell. Time variations in the mass loss rate, could be invoked to explain the multiple shell structure of this envelope.     

Cretaceous amber inclusions of Spain and Myanmar demonstrate early diversification and wide dispersal of Cephenniitae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)

The taxonomic status of previously misplaced species of an ant-like stone beetle from Spanish amber (Albian) is clarified. Specimens of Kachinus magnificus (originally placed as incertae sedis within Scydmaenitae) were re-examined and their characters were found different from those of the type species of Kachinus from Myanmar amber. Consequently, Archeutheia gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate the Spanish species, resulting in Archeutheia magnifica comb. nov. Moreover, in a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis Archeutheia was placed as a sister group to extant Eutheia, within the tribe Eutheiini of Cephenniitae. A specimen of an undetermined genus from Myanmar amber clearly belonging in Cephenniini is also recorded. Both taxa represent the first definite Cretaceous Cephenniitae, a supertribe whose recent members are distributed on all continents but are especially diverse in the Oriental and East Palaearctic regions. This finding demonstrates a diversification of two presently most species-rich tribes of Cephenniitae already in Early Cretaceous. Archeutheia is strikingly similar to the extant species of Eutheia and Veraphis, showing male dimorphic characters (modified protrochanters) and antennal cavities characteristic of Palaearctic Eutheiini. This fact suggests a long morphological stability in the supertribe. A previously proposed hypothesis of an early presence of the Cephenniitae in the Northern Hemisphere is for the first time supported by the fossil record, and the palaeolocalities (western Europe and Southeast Asia) demonstrate a wide distribution of Cephenniitae in the Cretaceous and an early split of its ancestral lineage.     

粤北产铀与不产铀花岗岩中铀矿物特征的电子探针研究及其找矿意义

晶质铀矿的含量、形貌、成分、铀矿物类型、与铀矿物共存的矿物组合等特征可以作为产铀与不产铀岩体的判别标志,为花岗岩型铀矿找矿工作提供了一种新的技术手段。长江岩体和九峰岩体是粤北地区典型的产铀与不产铀花岗岩体,本文利用电子探针测试了九峰岩体的铀矿物并与长江岩体进行对比研究。结果表明九峰岩体的铀矿物主要为晶质铀矿,其化学年龄可分为两组,分别为~160 Ma、~105 Ma,与长江岩体的两组晶质铀矿年龄基本一致;其中第一组年龄代表岩体的成岩年龄,第二组年龄与粤北地区~105 Ma的基性岩脉侵入时代相对应;但九峰岩体缺少长江岩体中~74 Ma的成矿年龄。相比于长江岩体,九峰岩体的铀矿物受到后期热液事件的影响较小,U没有发生明显的活化、转移,因而未能富集成矿,没有形成具有工业价值的铀矿床。     

中国近海蛾螺科(Gastropoda: Buccinidae)种类齿舌的扫描电镜观察

本研究选取了中国近海蛾螺科动物16属,共计21种,进行了齿舌解剖,利用扫描电子显微镜对齿舌进行了观察,并对其形态特征进行了研究对比。结果证明,蛾螺科种类的齿舌齿式为1·1·1。通过研究发现蛾螺科动物的齿舌形态结构包括形状、排列方式以及齿尖数目虽然在属内、种内有一定的变化,但仍可以作为蛾螺科种类的分类依据之一,从而将各属、种区分开来。此外,本研究确认了在火红土产螺Pisania ignea(Gmelin,1791)中存在着齿舌两性异型现象。     

中国对虾虾苗体表细菌的扫描电镜和病理学观察

从对虾育苗池中任意收集活的虾苗，通过扫描电镜观察发现其体表有大量附生细菌和污着生物，优势菌为弧菌属。这些细菌可分解几丁质，损害甲壳表导并影响蜕皮，为其它生物附着创造了机会。当有病毒感染或其它因素使其抗病力下降时，此类细菌可能乘机进入虾苗繁殖，引发弧菌病，故可称之为条件致病菌。有体表细菌附生的虾苗，肝胰腺内也常发现细小病毒和大量细菌感染，造成肝组织坏死。这是虾苗停止变态、蜕皮和大量死亡的重要原因。     

中国对虾（Penaeuschinensis）核包涵体型杆状病毒装配的电镜观察

９４－９５斫养殖对虾病毒爆发流行期间，对患病中国对虾肝胰上皮细胞和胃肌细胞进行了电镜检测，发现一种核包涵体型杆状病毒（１４０－１６０ｎｍ×２８０－３３０ｎｍ），对其装配机质的超微结构研究表明，核包涵 体型杆状病毒以核内装配为主，部分病毒基质转入胞质进行了装配。     

Experimental study on the performance of the multiple-layer breakwater

Based on the idea of disturbing the water motion in the upright direction, a new kind of multiple-layer breakwater is proposed in this article, which mainly consists of several horizontal plates. The breakwater's performance of dissipating waves has been investigated in detail in the regular wave tests. The factors identified with the characteristics of the breakwater are discussed, such as the relative width, the wave steepness and the models geometrical parameters (the width and the gap). The comparison and analysis of the transmission and reflection coefficients with respect to different factors are presented. The model test results indicate that the multiple-layer breakwater has the good characteristic of dissipating waves. Further more, only in a little extent can it reflect the waves. The multiple-layer breakwater proposed in the paper is very significative to promote the open type breakwater to be the permanent wave attenuator in the application.     

用电镜观察气功外气效应──体外培养的人体子宫颈癌细胞经气功外气施功的效应

结合细胞培养技术，用电子显微镜，从细胞生物学的角度研究了气功效应。对体外培养的ＨｅＬａ细胞经气功外气施功后的生物效应作了仔细的超微结构观察。