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231.
K. R. Sivaraman M. Jayachandran K. K. Scaria G. S. D. Babu S. P. Bagare A. P. Jayarajan 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》1984,5(2):149-158
During the eclipse of 1980 February 16 we photographed the solar corona at an effective wavelength of 6300 å. Using a quadruple camera we also obtained the coronal pictures in polarized light for four Polaroid orientations. We have used these observations to derive the coronal brightness and polarization and from these the electron densities in the corona out to a distance of about 2.5 R⊙ from the centre of the disc. The coronal brightness matches well with that of the corona of 1958 October 12. 相似文献
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233.
极光分光光谱仪成像所得重要辐射特征包括氧原子所激发的557.7、630.0、636.4 nm谱线,这些谱线和入射电离层的高能电子能通量、中高层大气粒子成分密度等都有着紧密联系.本文结合引发极光的电子碰撞反应物理机制构建氧辐射特征仿真模型,利用极光光谱图像557.7、630.0 nm谱线估计最接近真实成像情况下的入射电子能通量,实验结果表明仿真中基于假设光强比推演得到的氧辐射谱线像素预测值较真实值高估了1~1.29倍. 相似文献
234.
MICHAEL D. CHEETHAM ANNABELLE F. KEENE RICHARD T. BUSH LEIGH A. SULLIVAN WAYNE D. ERSKINE 《Sedimentology》2008,55(6):1905-1913
Grain‐size distribution is a fundamental tool for interpreting sedimentary units within depositional systems. The techniques assessed in this study are commonly used to determine grain‐size distributions for sand‐dominated sediments. However, the degree of consistency and differences in interpretation when using a combination of grain‐size methods have not yet been assessed systematically for sand‐dominated fluvial sediments. Results obtained from laser diffraction, X‐ray attenuation and scanning electron microscopy grain‐size analysis techniques were compared with those obtained from the traditional sieve/hydrometer method. Scanning electron microscopy was shown to provide an inaccurate quantitative analysis of grain‐size distributions because of difficulties in obtaining representative samples for examination. The X‐ray attenuation method is unsuitable for sand‐dominated sediments because of its upper size range of only 300 μm. The consistently strong correlation between the laser diffraction results and the sieve/hydrometer results shows that these methods are comparable for sand‐dominated fluvial sediments. Provided that sample preparation is consistent, the latter two methods can be used together within a study of such sediments while maintaining a high degree of accuracy. These results indicate that data for sand‐dominated fluvial sediments gained from the long‐established sieve/hydrometer method can be compared with confidence to those obtained by modern studies using laser diffraction techniques. 相似文献
235.
石榴石-黑云母地质温度计在四川拉拉铜矿床的应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
在晋宁运动中,拉拉铜矿床区发生了大规模的区域变质作用,由于其变质条件的资料较少,使得人们对矿床的成因机制存在诸多争论.采用石榴石-黑云母地质温度计和多硅白云母地质压力计,结合电子探针分析结果,对矿区内广泛出露的石榴石黑云母片岩进行了研究,得到区域变质作用的变质温度为500~560 ℃,变质压力上限为0.6~0.73GPa,变质程度为高绿片岩相.同时,根据野外观测及室内研究并结合前人工作,认为矿床主要存在两个成矿期次,即火山-喷气沉积成矿期和变质热液成矿期. 相似文献
236.
Microbial remains in some earliest Earth rocks: Comparison with a potential modern analogue 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Miryam Glikson Lawrence J. Duck Suzanne D. Golding Axel Hofmann Robert Bolhar Robyn Webb Justice C.F. Baiano Lindsay I. Sly 《Precambrian Research》2008,164(3-4):187-200
Carbonaceous matter (CM) from ca. 3.5 Ga hydrothermal black cherts of the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia and the Barberton Greenstone Belt of South Africa yielded transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images that are suggestive of microbial remains and possible remnants of microbial cell walls. These are compared to a potential modern analogue, the hyperthermophilic Methanocaldococcus jannaschii, derived from an active seafloor hydrothermal environment and cultured under similar conditions. A striking resemblance to the early Archaean forms was evident in wall structure and thermal degradation mode. Cell disintegration of the cultures occurred at 100 °C marking the limits of life. Complete disintegration, deformation and shrinkage occurred at 132 °C. A multidisciplinary approach to the characterisation of the CM was undertaken using organic petrology, TEM coupled with electron dispersive spectral analysis (EDS), high resolution TEM (HRTEM) to determine molecular ordering, and elemental and carbon isotope geochemistry. Reflectance measurements of the CM to determine thermal stress yielded a range of values corresponding to several populations, and pointing to different sources and processes. The δ13C values of Dresser Formation CM (−36.5 to −32.1‰) are negatively correlated with TOC (0.13–0.75%) and positively correlated with C/N ratio (134–569), which is interpreted to reflect the relative abundance of high Ro/oxidised/recycled CM and preferential loss of 12C and N during thermal maturation. TEM observations, inferred carbon isotopic heterogeneity and isotope fractionations of −27 to −32‰ are consistent with the activity of chemosynthetic microbes in a seafloor hydrothermal system where rapid silicification at relatively low temperature preserved the CM. 相似文献
237.
N. R. Khisina R. Wirth M. Andrut A. V. Ukhanov 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2001,28(5):291-301
Olivine crystals from two mantle nodules in kimberlites (pipe Udachnaya and pipe Obnazennaya, Yakutiya, Siberia) were investigated using EMP, TEM, AEM and FTIR techniques to determine the mode of hydrogen occurrence in olivine. Olivine contains three types of nanometer-sized inclusions: “large” inclusions of hexagonal-like shape up to several hundred nm in size (1), lamellar defects (2) and small inclusions of hexagon-like shape up to several 10?nm in size (3). Lamellar defects and small inclusions are considered to be a “hydrous” olivine. All three types of inclusions contain OH? or water, but they are different with respect to their phase composition. In “large” inclusions (1) hydrous magnesium silicates, such as serpentine?+?talc (“kerolite”?) and 10-Å phase?+?talc were identified. Lamellar defects (2) and small inclusions (3) are depleted in Mg and Fe compared to the olivine matrix, while the silica content is the same as that of olivine. Modulations in the periodicity of the olivine structure are observed in SAED patterns and HREM images of (2) and (3). The superperiodicity can be referred to OH?-bearing point defect ordering in the olivine structure. If this is the case, the material of both lamellar defects and small inclusions can be assumed to be a “hydrous olivine” Mg2– x v x SiO4H2 x with a cation-deficient olivine crystal structure. Thus, both an extrinsic mode of hydrogen occurrence in olivine, such as nanometer-sized inclusions of OH?-bearing magnesium silicates, and an intrinsic mode of hydrogen incorporation into the olivine structure, such as “hydrous olivine” in itself, were found. The data obtained here show that the OH absorption bands observed in olivine spectra at 3704(3717) and 3683(3688) cm?1 can be unambiguously identified with serpentine; the band at 3677(3676) cm?1 can be associated with talc. The absorption bands observed at 3591 and 3660?cm?1 in olivine match those of the 10-Å phase at 3594, 3662 and 3666?cm?1. 相似文献
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239.
次显微金在黄铁矿和石英中的赋存状态研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
本文利用H—800型透射电子显微镜附EDAX能谱仪,对夏杖子金矿床黄铁矿和石英中的次显微金进行研究,发现金常以粒径小于0.2μm的小圆球状及链状次显微金存在于黄铁矿和石英的微裂隙中。 相似文献
240.