华北吕梁地区2.4Ga A型花岗岩的确定及地质意义

华北克拉通新太古代末与古元古代早期的构造转化对认识华北克拉通早期地壳演化具重要意义。该克拉通中部带吕梁地区盖家庄正长花岗岩获得2398~2408Ma的形成年龄,其成因研究将为探讨华北克拉通新太古代晚期与古元古代早期构造演化提供重要信息。该岩体富K,高硅、碱、Fe OT/Mg O,低Ca、Mg,富集Rb、Th、U等LILE、较高的HFSE,明显亏损Sr、Ba、P、Ti,具弱轻重稀土分异和强负Eu异常的"燕式"稀土分配模式,并具高的Ga/Al比值和高锆石饱和温度,显示了碰撞造山后A2型花岗岩的特征。岩体全岩εNd(t)=2.0~2.3,两阶段Nd模式年龄tDM2=2606~2629Ma,锆石εHf(t)=+2.2~+7.1,tDM2(2494~2791Ma)略高或接近其形成年龄,一致证明主要源自新太古代中晚期新生下部陆壳物质的部分熔融,并有少量幔源物质的添加。结合区域地质及同期钾质花岗岩类的广泛出现,盖家庄正长花岗岩与同期钾质花岗岩一同代表了华北克拉通~2.5Ga形成后,中部构造带于古元古代早期~2.4Ga发生的一次陆壳伸展拉张作用引发的地幔物质上涌基性岩浆上侵导致下部新生陆壳物质增温发生部分熔融构造岩浆事件,证明陆壳已转入伸展拉张构造环境。     

山西义兴寨岩体和车厂-北台岩体的变质程度及变质作用K-Ar定年

义兴寨岩体和车厂-北台岩体位于华北克拉通中部造山带中段,均被变质辉绿岩墙穿切,分别出露于山西省恒山南麓和五台山北麓。义兴寨岩体出露的岩石类型呈现渐变过渡的特征,主要为花岗闪长片麻岩、石英闪长片麻岩和闪长片麻岩;变质高峰期温压条件达到710~760℃/0.65~0.75 GPa,记录的降温降压条件为560~690℃/0.46GPa;变质高峰期为高角闪岩相,属于中压变质相系;变质角闪石K-Ar定年表明义兴寨岩体变质时代为1.84~1.82Ga。车厂-北台岩体主要由二云母花岗片麻岩构成,变质高峰期温压条件达到550~690℃/0.92~1.14 GPa;变质高峰期为中角闪岩相,属于中压变质相系顶部;变质黑云母K-Ar定年表明车厂-北台岩体变质时代为1.80 Ga。这两个岩体变质时代与华北克拉通中部造山带普遍记录的1.96~1.80 Ga之间的变质事件一致,说明它们同样卷入了华北中部造山带早元古代末期的造山过程。     

江南造山带形成过程中若干新元古代地质事件

报道了江南造山带( 中-) 西段在“俯冲造山阶段”形成的科马提质玄武岩、石英角斑岩、流纹质凝灰岩及“后造山伸展阶段”形成的两类基性岩的特征,研究表明,科马提质玄武岩是形成于岛弧环境的高MgO 玄武岩。高的Ni 和Cr含量说明它们为来自弧下地幔的原始岩浆,较高的MgO 显示这些高MgO 玄武岩浆是在相对较干的条件下从地幔源区分离的。“后造山伸展阶段”形成的两种基性岩分别来自软流圈和岩石圈地幔,具有不同的地球化学特征。基底地层中砂岩的碎屑锆石及夹层中基性—酸性火山岩的锆石U-Pb 定年表明,在扬子板块东南缘,新元古代岛弧岩浆活动的时间约为878~822 Ma,岛弧地区陆源碎屑的沉积作用发生在872~835 Ma 期间,表明存在同时代的（coeval）“岛弧岩浆作用”和“沉积作用”。     

河南祁雨沟金矿同位素地球化学和矿床成因分析

祁雨沟金矿位于华北克拉通南缘的熊耳地体,是典型的爆破角砾岩型金矿。本文全面总结并深入分析了祁雨沟金矿的同位素地球化学研究资料,以氢-氧-碳同位素体系确定成矿流体由岩浆热液向大气降水热液演化,以碳-硫-铅同位素体系厘定成矿物质主要来自岩浆流体系统,以铅、碳同位素确定熊耳地体南侧的中-新元古代地层是不可缺少的成岩成矿物质来源之一。因此认为：在中生代华北与扬子板块碰撞造山过程中,熊耳地体南侧的陆壳板片沿马超营断裂俯冲到熊耳地体之下,通过变质脱水-熔融作用派生了祁雨沟岩浆-流体成矿系统,其成因可由碰撞造山成岩成矿与流体作用模式（即CMF模式）解释。     

History of tectono-magmatic evolution in the Western Kunlun Orogen

Based on the statistical and analytical data on more than 170 isotopic ages published since the 1980s of magmatic rocks, metamorphic rocks, tectonites and ores from the Western Kunlun Orogen, and the characteristics of sedimentation, magmatism, metamorphism and tectonic activities in the region studied in conjunction with geological field investigations and necessary supplementary isotope data, five stages of tectono-magmatic evolution, i.e. Ar³-Pt ₂ ¹ tectono-magmatic active stage (I), pt ₂ ² stable stage (II), Pt ₃ ¹ -p₂ active stage (III), T₁-T₂ stable stage (IV), and T₃-Q active stage (V) can be distinguished in the Western Kunlun Orogen. Moreover, the tectono-magmatic active style and general trend, the characteristics of tectonic settings, etc. of each stage and substage in the region studied are also discussed. Project supported by the State Key Science and Technology Program (No. 305) for the Ninth Five-Year Plan Period of China.     

内蒙古大青山造山带含假蓝宝石尖晶石片麻岩的成因网格及动力学

内蒙古大青山造山带中存在着一类特殊的岩石类型极度富铝贫硅的含假蓝宝石尖晶石片麻岩。含假蓝宝石尖晶石片麻岩的岩石学和矿物学的研究表明,变晶序列为Ｓａｐ＋Ｓｉｌ＋Ｇｔ＋Ｐｌ＋Ｂｉ（早期）→Ｓｐ＋Ｇｔ＋Ｓｉｌ＋Ｐｌ＋Ｐｅｒｔｈ＋Ｂｉ（峰期）→Ｃｏｒｄ＋Ｃｏｒｕ＋Ｍｔ＋Ｐｌ＋Ｍｉｃ＋Ｂｉ（峰后）。利用Ｇｉｂｂｓ相律和Ｓｃｈｒｅｉｎｅｍａｋｅｒｓ分析方法对该岩质系的矿物演化历史进行了理论推导,结果表明其与实     

江南造山带东段东源含钨岩体的岩石化学、矿物学特征研究

东源岩体主要由花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩构成。长石绢云母化、碳酸盐化作用较强,黑云母发生白云母化和轻微绿泥石化蚀变。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年获得岩体的成岩年龄为晚侏罗世-早白垩世((146.7±4.1)Ma);含有大量新元古代的继承锆石,加权平均年龄为(770.2±9.7)Ma。岩体中黑云母为镁质黑云母,显示寄主岩为壳幔混合来源。岩石地球化学特征总体表现为高钾钙碱性系列-橄榄粗玄岩系列,准铝质-过铝质,相对高的Sr、Ba含量,低Y和Yb,弱的Eu异常(δEu=0.74~0.83),富集轻稀土和大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素。初始87Sr/86Sr比值为0.7124,εNd(t)值为–5.53。东源岩体的地球化学特征表现出埃达克质岩的亲缘性,类似于加厚下地壳部分熔融产生的熔体。锆石εHf(t)值为–13.0~–7.0,变化较大。结合区域地质和构造演化,认为在晚侏罗世-早白垩世(约146.7 Ma),古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆的俯冲使先前交代的岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融,幔源岩浆底侵到壳幔过渡带附近,导致下地壳部分熔融,可能与少量的幔源岩浆发生岩浆混合作用,形成了东源岩体。     

南秦岭武当山十堰地区中生代镁铁质岩石成因与构造意义——岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素制约

南秦岭的北大巴山-武当山-十堰-随州一带发育大规模的镁铁质岩墙群,其岩石学成因为地质学家所广泛关注。本文对其中的武当山十堰地区黄龙-方滩一带发育的辉长岩体开展了全岩地球化学、SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄以及LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石Hf同位素组成研究。结果表明,辉长岩形成于晚三叠世（221.2±2.5 Ma）;岩石地球化学组成显示辉长岩为亚碱性拉斑玄武岩系列,轻稀土富集重稀土亏损,其平滑右倾的稀土配分模式与E-MORB相似;中等Ti、Zr、Hf、Nb含量,亏损Rb、Sr等大离子亲石元素,以及结晶年龄锆石的εHf(t）值在-13.5至-6.18之间,表明岩石具有古老的两阶段Hf模式年龄（2103~1640 Ma）。综合分析表明：该套辉长岩岩浆为尖晶石二辉橄榄岩低压、中等程度部分熔融形成,并且其源区为亏损地幔与富集地幔组分混合成因;结合区域构造演化的相关资料,认为该套E-MORB性质辉长岩形成于类似汇聚边缘的构造环境,可能为受勉略洋壳俯冲影响,为俯冲-碰撞造山阶段产物。     

Evidence for hybridisation in the Tynong Province granitoids,Lachlan Fold Belt,eastern Australia

The role of mafic–felsic magma mixing in the formation of granites is controversial. Field evidence in many granite plutons undoubtedly implies interaction of mafic (basaltic–intermediate) magma with (usually) much more abundant granitic magma, but the extent of such mixing and its effect on overall chemical features of the host intrusion are unclear. Late Devonian I-type granitoids of the Tynong Province in the western Lachlan Fold Belt, southeast Australia, show typical evidence for magma mingling and mixing, such as small dioritic stocks, hybrid zones with local host granite and ubiquitous microgranitoid enclaves. The latter commonly have irregular boundaries and show textural features characteristic of hybridisation, e.g. xenocrysts of granitic quartz and K-feldspars, rapakivi and antirapakivi textures, quartz and feldspar ocelli, and acicular apatite. Linear (well defined to diffuse) compositional trends for granites, hybrid zones and enclaves have been attributed to magma mixing but could also be explained by other mechanisms. Magmatic zircons of the Tynong and Toorongo granodiorites yield U–Pb zircon ages consistent with the known ca 370 Ma age of the province and preserve relatively unevolved ?_Hf (averages for three samples are +6.9, +4.3 and +3.9). The range in zircon ?_Hf in two of the three analysed samples (8.8 and 10.1 ?_Hf units) exceeds that expected from a single homogeneous population (～4 units) and suggests considerable Hf isotopic heterogeneity in the melt from which the zircon formed, consistent with syn-intrusion magma mixing. Correlated whole-rock Sr–Nd isotope data for the Tynong Province granitoids show a considerable range (0.7049–0.7074, ?_Nd +1.2 to –4.7), which may map the hybridisation between a mafic magma and possibly multiple crustal magmas. Major-element variations for host granite, hybrid zones and enclaves in the large Tynong granodiorite show correlations with major-element compositions of the type expected from mixing of contrasting mafic and felsic magmas. However, chemical–isotopic correlations are poorly developed for the province as a whole, especially for ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr. In a magma mixing model, such complexities could be explained in terms of a dynamic mixing/mingling environment, with multiple mixing events and subsequent interactions between hybrids and superimposed fractional crystallisation. The results indicate that features plausibly attributed to mafic–felsic magma mixing exist at all scales within this granite province and suggest a major role for magma mixing/mingling in the formation of I-type granites.     

天水地区李子园高压麻粒岩的发现:西秦岭晚泥盆纪造山的证据

西秦岭造山带北缘的天水李子园地区发现一套高压石榴石单辉麻粒岩,在变质的早古生代岛弧火山-沉积岩系中呈透镜状岩块产出。其峰期矿物组合为石榴石+单斜辉石+角闪石+斜长石+钛铁矿/榍石。利用地质温压计得到的温压条件为T=757~792℃、P=1.3~1.5GPa,达到中压相系的高压麻粒岩相变质条件。LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年显示,锆石变质增生边的谐和年龄为384±1.6Ma,表明高压麻粒岩相变质作用的时代为中-晚泥盆世。结合区域地质资料,这一期变质作用要晚于北秦岭造山带中普遍记录的中低压麻粒岩-角闪岩相变质作用,可能与商丹洋闭合之后碰撞造山阶段的地壳加厚过程有关。岩浆锆石核部的谐和年龄为796±2.2Ma,代表石榴石单辉麻粒岩的原岩形成年代。其锆石核部的Hf同位素组成变化较大,对应的εHf(t)值为-7.3~+13.2,显示出不同源区岩浆混合的特征或者陆壳混染。高压麻粒岩全岩地球化学特征同样显示其经历壳幔岩浆混合作用。结合原岩的形成时代、区域上与裂解相关的岩浆作用和构造背景,我们认为原岩可能是造山带垮塌伸展阶段的壳-幔岩浆混合作用的产物,可能与新元古代Rodinia超大陆裂解事件有关。