小波分析在重力界面反演中的应用

基于Parker-Oldenburg反演方法，分析了低通滤波器B（K）的不同阈值对位场分离的影响。分别采用小波变换和低通滤波对青藏高原地区布格重力异常进行了位场分解和莫霍面反演，并将反演结果与地震资料作比较。结果表明，在重力位场分解中小波多尺度分解可以代替低通滤波器B（K），避免了闻值的选取。     

夏季青藏高原东部降水变化与副热带高压带活动的研究

用青藏高原上常规的台站资料和NCEP/NCAR的再分析资料,分析和研究了1993/1994年夏季5—8月青藏高原东部降水变化与西太平洋副热带高压南北移动的关系。结果表明:1993年夏季的副热带高压异常偏南,5—8月副高脊线北移过程中,还伴有准双周南北移动过程;而1994年夏季的副热带高压异常偏北,5—8月副高脊线北移过程中,则主要伴有30—60d的低频变化的南北移动过程。同时,在分析青藏高原上的天气变化特征时,发现这两年高原东部的降水变化特征也有明显的不同,夏季高原上降水的活跃和中断与副高脊线南北移动变化有类似的特征。因此,夏季西太平洋副热带高压南北移动可能与高原东部降水的中断/活跃有一定的关系。     

高原低涡移出高原的观测事实分析

应用天气学、统计学原理,结合TRMM资料,分析了1998—2004年5—9月移出高原的低涡的活动特征。结果指出:6—8月是高原低涡移出高原影响中国东部天气的主要时段,它与高原低涡在高原上的活动特征及西南低涡移出高原特征均不同;移出高原的高原低涡的涡源主要在曲麻莱附近、德格附近,这与高原上产生低涡的涡源不同;移出高原的高原低涡的移动路径多数是随低槽的活动而向东、向东南移动,这与高原低涡在高原上多数是沿切变线移向东北不同,高原低涡移出高原后,不仅影响中国的范围广,还可能影响到朝鲜半岛、日本;高原低涡移出高原后涡的强度、性质会有变化,在高原以东活动时间长(≥36 h)的高原低涡,移出高原前多数为暖性低涡,移出高原后多数为斜压性低涡,低涡加强、多数可产生暴雨、大暴雨;高原低涡移出高原后移到海洋上,往往因下垫面不同而变化,出海后都有降水加强、多数位势高度下降的现象;移出高原后的高原低涡因东面海上热带气旋活动而少动,与其南面热带气旋活动相向而行,因季风低压少动而少动的现象。     

南亚高压的研究进展及展望

简要回顾了20世纪70年代以来,南亚高压研究工作的若干主要进展,对比分析了不同时期的一些特点,在此基础上展望了今后南亚高压研究的重要方向和基本趋势.     

In situ cosmogenic ~(10)Be dating of the Quaternary glaciations in the southern Shaluli Mountain on the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau

It is generally considered that four-times ice age happened during the Quaternary epoch on the Tibetan Plateau. However, the research on the chronology of the four-times ice age is far from enough. The Shaluli Mountain on the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau is an ideal place for plaeo-glacier study, because there are abundant Quaternary glacial remains there. This paper discusses the ages of the Quaternary glaciations, based on the exposure dating of roche moutonnée, moraines and gla- cial erosion surfaces using in situ cosmogenic isotopes 10Be. It is found that the exposure age of the roche moutonnée at Tuershan is 15 ka, corresponding to Stage 2 of the deep-sea oxygen isotope, suggesting that the roche moutonnée at Tuershan is formed in the last glacial maximum. The expo- sure age of glacial erosion surface at Laolinkou is 130―160 ka, corresponding to Stage 6 of the deep-sea oxygen isotope. The oldest end moraine at Kuzhaori may form at 421―766 kaBP, corre- sponding to Stages 12―18 of the deep-sea oxygen isotope. In accordance with the climate charac- teristic of stages 12,14,16 and 18 reflected by the deep-sea oxygen isotope, polar ice cores and loess sequence, the oldest end moraine at Kuzhaori may form at stage 12 or stage 16, the latter is more possible.     

δ18O record and temperature change over the past 100 years in ice cores on the Tibetan Plateau

The 213 m ice core from the Puruogangri Ice Field on the Tibetan Plateau facilitates the study of the regional temperature changes with its δ18O record of the past 100 years. Here we combine information from this core with that from the Dasuopu ice core (from the southern Tibetan Plateau), the Guliya ice core (from the northwestern Plateau) and the Dunde ice core (from the northeastern Plateau) to learn about the regional differences in temperature change across the Tibetan Plateau. The δ18O changes vary with region on the Plateau, the variations being especially large between South and North and between East and West. Moreover, these four ice cores present increasing δ18O trends, indicating warming on the Tibetan Plateau over the past 100 years. A comparative study of Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperature changes, the δ18O-reflected temperature changes on the Plateau, and available meteorological records show consistent trends in overall warming during the past 100 years.     

δ~(18)O record and temperature change over the past 100 years in ice cores on the Tibetan Plateau

1 IntroductionMeteorological stations on the Tibetan Plateau are few in number and uneven in distribution, with a majority concentrated in the east and south. No stations exist so far within the large expanse in the middle or west of the Plateau. Moreover…     

Recent Progress in the Impact of the Tibetan Plateau on Climate in China

Studies of the impacts of the Tibetan Plateau （TP） on climate in China in the last four years are reviewed. It is reported that temperature and precipitation over the TP have increased during recent decades. From satellite data analysis, it is demonstrated that most of the precipitation over the TP is from deep convection clouds. Moreover, the huge TP mechanical forcing and extraordinary elevated thermal forcing impose remarkable impacts upon local circulation and global climate. In winter and spring, stream flow is deflected by a large obstacle and appears as an asymmetric dipole, making East Asia much colder than mid Asia in winter and forming persistent rainfall in late winter and early spring over South China. In late spring, TP heating contributes to the establishment and intensification of the South Asian high and the abrupt seasonal transition of the surrounding circulations. In summer, TP heating in conjunction with the TP air pump cause the deviating stream field to resemble a cyclonic spiral, converging towards and rising over the TP. Therefore, the prominent Asian monsoon climate over East Asia and the dry climate over mid Asia in summer are forced by both TP local forcing and Eurasian continental forcing.
Due to the longer memory of snow and soil moisture, the TP thermal status both in summer and in late winter and spring can influence the variation of Eastern Asian summer rainfall. A combined index using both snow cover over the TP and the ENSO index in winter shows a better seasonal forecast.
On the other hand, strong sensible heating over the Tibetan Plateau in spring contributes significantly to anchor the earliest Asian monsoon being over the eastern Bay of Bengal （BOB） and the western Indochina peninsula. Qualitative prediction of the BOB monsoon onset was attempted by using the sign of meridional temperature gradient in March in the upper troposphere, or at 400 hPa over the TP. It is also demonstrated by a numerical experiment and theoretical study that the heating over the TP lea     

青藏高原狮泉河-康西瓦地区 1:100万区域重力调查成果

利用最新取得的区域重力资料,参考航磁、遥感、区域地质资料,对青藏高原狮泉河-康西瓦地区重力场分区、断裂构造体系、构造单元、局部异常、深部构造、成矿远景区(带)等进行了研究.对阿尔金走滑断裂西南端的走向和延伸提出了一些新的看法;讨论了2条重力低值带的成因;推断了班公湖-怒江结合带下部莫霍面隆起的高度,从重力角度提出了对班公湖-怒江结合带的认识;认为青藏块体在拼合后地壳有2个加厚中心;新圈定了一个中、新生代沉积盆地,并进行了初步研究;结合地质、矿产、航磁等资料,初步划分出4个成矿远景区(带).