天山山区大气水分循环特征

将自然正交分解(EOF)和水平空间分辨率30"的地理信息数字高程(DEM)相结合,利用1961~2010年天山山区及其周边79个气象站月降水量应用梯度距离平方反比法计算面雨量,应用2000~2010年NCEP/NCAR逐日4次再分析1°(纬度)×1°(经度)资料计算水汽输送,研究了天山山区面雨量时空分布、水汽输送和外部水汽的降水转化率特征,以及降水转化率异常的初步成因。结果表明:1)天山西部和中部降水量平均在450 mm以上,东天山和天山西南端为150 mm左右。春季、夏季、秋季、冬季的面雨量分别为291.4×108 m3、625.9×108m3、218.1×108 m3和73.6×108m3,降水量分别为108.2 mm、232.4 mm、81.0 mm和27.4 mm,年降水量为449.0 mm。2)月水汽输送量呈正态单峰型分布,7月最大、1月最小,夏季水汽输送量为全年的41.3%,冬季为11.9%,春季、秋季分别为24.5%和22.3%。3)春季、夏季、秋季、冬季和年外部水汽的降水转化率分别为10.3%、12.6%、8.5%、5.4%和9.2%,降水转化率的大小与伊朗副热带高压、贝加尔湖高压脊和西亚副热带西风急流的位置和强度配置有关。     

天山天池近49年气候变化特征

基于天山天池气象站1959～2007年的逐日地面气候资料,应用线性倾向估计、功率谱分析、滑动t检验及距平标准差对比分析等方法对天山天池气候变化特征进行了分析。分析表明:天山天池气候变化具有明显的多尺度振荡特征,并且具有明显的年际变化,年平均气温在1996年附近发生突变,降水未出现气候突变现象。气温和降水的变化和天山山区"暖湿型"变化趋势一致,最低气温的升高对天山天池增温贡献最大,最显著增湿趋势出现在春季和冬季,夏季降水量持平而雨日却减少,夏季极端强降水天气增加。     

大别山超高压岩石的流变学研究

本文利用野外构造解析、透射电镜、岩组等手段,对大别山地区超高压岩石的变形表象及变形机制进行了详细的观察和研究,从而动态地建立了超高压岩石折返的PTtD轨迹。结果表明:超高压石榴橄榄岩经历了高温和低温两种变形,其中橄榄石中发育高温[001](100)和中低温[010](100)两种滑移系。超高压榴辉岩中绿辉石的位错构造发育,位错密度为4.98×10~7/cm~2。绿辉石亚颗粒的特征显示存在颗粒边界迁移和扩散蠕变。绿辉石的组构测定表明,绿辉石晶内塑性流动形成了[001]极密,该极密平行于线理,属L型收缩组构。组构对称型显示本区榴辉岩以共轴变形为主,由于应变分解,部分地区含非共轴成分。付林图解表明,绿辉石和石榴子石的变形均属于收缩型椭球,拉伸型应变,这与绿辉石组构测定结果一致。石榴子石位错密度为3.54×10~7/cm~2,部分地区的石榴子石发育动态重结晶及核幔构造等,形成榴辉岩相糜棱岩。另外根据不同超高压岩石中石英的位错密度或亚颗粒大小,计算了超高压岩石折返时各个阶段的应力大小。     

大别山碧溪岭未经历超高压变质的片麻状花岗岩

关于大别山超高压变质带中与榴辉岩密切伴生的花岗片麻岩是否也经历了超高压变质作用一直是个争议的问题。笔者最近在碧溪岭片麻状花岗岩中首次发现了可靠的岩相学和矿物学证据 ,证明该岩石只遭受到绿片岩相变质作用的改造 ,而未曾记录超高压变质矿物组合。根据片麻状花岗岩与围岩接触部位强烈糜棱岩化的发育 ,认为超高压岩石在抬升到地壳范围时与以花岗质岩石为主构成的扬子陆壳发生了大规模的构造并置。     

祁连山摆浪河谷地的冰川地貌与冰期

祁连山摆浪河上游是一个以前研究者未曾涉足的地方，我们在这里发现6套保存完好的古冰川沉积和与之对应的冰水阶地以及上覆较厚的黄土 堆积，根据地貌地层学研究和^14C、TL、ESR测年，确认它们分别代表了小冰期、新冰期、同位素2阶段、4阶段、6阶段和12阶段6次冰川作用，是迄今在祁连山地区发现的相对比较确定的清晰齐全的第四纪冰川序列，发生于氧同位素12阶段的中梁赣冰期，表明抬升中的祁连山至少于460kaBP前与冰期气候耦合，进入了当时的冰冻圈。     

气候变化对河西内陆干旱区出山径流的影响

根据祁连山区与河西走廊平原区有关水文气象台站的降水、气温和径流观测资料，分析了该区域近50a来气候变化的特征及其与全球气候变暖的关系。出山径流对气候变化的响应以及未来的变化趋势，结果表明，河西内陆干旱区的山区和走廊平原区近几十年来气温变化总的呈上升趋势，与全球增温存在着某种种度的一致性。但山区气温的变化幅度一般大于走廊平原区，其中祁连山中段温度升幅为最大。全球增温对河西内陆干旱区气候与出山径流的影响有着明显的地域性差异，受此影响影响，河西祁连山东部地区出山径流呈明显的下降趋势，中部地区出山径流的增加趋势不是十分明显，西部出山径流在山区降水量与气温同时上升的情况下，呈明显的上升趋势。     

Relationship between Mesozoic Magmatism and Subduction in the Da Hinggan-Yanshan Area

High-resolution tomographic images of the belt crossing the Japan Trench-Changbai Mountains-Dong Ujimqin Qi are represented in this paper, revealing the shape of a subducted slab in the western Pacific region and characteristics of the lithospheric structures under the Changbai Mountains and the Da Hinggan Mountains. Studies of the spatial distribution, subduction time and the time-lag between the subduction and magmatism, combined with petrology and isotope geochemistry of the Late Mesozoic volcano-plutonic rocks from the Da Hinggan Mountains-Yanshan Mountains have further proved the independence of magmatic activities from the subduction of the Pacific plate. The Mesozoic tectono-thermal evolutionary history and structural characteristics of the lithosphere in the Da Hinggan Mountains and North China suggest that the formation and evolution of magma have probably a close relationship with the delamination and thinning of the continental lithosphere and the underplating resulting from the consequent up     

东天山脆—韧性变形转换带与金矿带

东天山脆－韧性变形转换带是该地区一条重要的构造变形带，该带近EW向波状延伸，长600km，宽10－20km，分为南北两个子带。独特的构造背景，使其成为东天山金成矿带的主体部分。脆－韧性转换变形是与区域性韧性剪切带密切相关的一类构造现象，其过程是一个动力学过程，变形转换过程中的一系列动力学行为，是带内成矿流体活动的主导因素，成矿流体的活动又促进了岩石矿物变质、变形作用，因此脆－韧性变形转换带具有极其重要的成矿意义。     

萨瓦亚尔顿金矿床成矿物质来源的初步探讨

萨瓦亚尔顿金矿床成矿物质具有多源性。资料显示，主成矿元素金一部分来自矿区容矿地层，另一部分来自下伏地层，矿质S和C主要来自深部，特别是下伏火山岩；Pb来自于造山带。成矿溶液主要来自以大气降水为补给的地下（卤）水。     

Geo–tectonic Position of Tin Polymetallic Mineralization Zone in the Southern Da Hinggan Mountains Area, Inner Mongolia, China: An Introduction to This Special Issue

Abstract: As a part of the main activities of Japan‐China technical cooperation project, a test survey area, approximately 5,000 km², was established for the implement of its geological and geochemical research program. A major mineralization zone called Huanggang–Ganzhuermiao–Wulanhaote Sn‐Cu polymetallic mineralization zone is recognized in the southern Da Hinggan Mountains area. The southern half of this zone is known as the sole Sn‐mineralization zone in North China. The survey area lies in this prominent zone. As the most of the papers presented in this issue have concerns to the geology and mineralization in this survey area, this report was prepared to introduce geo‐tectonic situation of the Sn‐Cu polymetallic mineralization zone in the Inner Mongolia orogenic belt. The belt is divided into four tectonic facies (from NW to SE); I: Wuliyasitai volcano‐plutonic zone, II: Hegenshan ophiolite mélange zone, III: Sunitezuoqi volcano‐plutonic zone, IV: Wenduermiao ophiolite mélange zone. The subject Sn‐Cu polymetallic mineralization zone is situated in the southeastern part of the Sunitezuoqi magmatic zone. About this Sunitezuoqi magmatic zone, three geo‐tectonic characteristics are pointed out. In late Carboniferous to early Permian period, subduction of Hegenshan oceanic crust occurred, which accelerated volcano‐plutonic activities and brought about basic to intermediate volcanic rocks of tholeiitic to calc‐alkaline series represented by Dashizhai Group in the Sunitezuoqi magmatic zone. Late Jurassic to early Cretaceous acidic rocks representing the most culminated volcanism and plutonism in Mesozoic era in the Da Hinggan Moutains area are distributed very extensively in and around the Sn‐Cu polymetallic mineralization zone. The Proterozoic metamorphic basement rocks called Xilinhaote complex are distributed close to the mineralized area in the Sunitezuoqi magmatic zone. Although the real mineralization was known associated with Mesozoic acidic to intermediate volcano‐plutonic activities, it is thought that the lower Permian Dashizhai volcanic rocks and pre‐Cambrian basement rocks might have played certain significant role in the process respectively of extraction of elements and formation of the magma favorable for such mineralization in the Sunitezuoqi magmatic zone. It would be necessary to give further considerations to these three geological units in relation to the Sn‐Cu polymetallic mineralization.