柴北缘超高压变质带的冷却历史：来自副片麻岩中锆石、金红石的U-Pb年代学和温度信息

本文运用LA-ICP-MS和SIMS对柴北缘超高压变质带中东端沙柳河剖面中的副片麻岩进行了锆石和金红石U-Pb年代和微量元素分析。锆石边部的变质时代为425±6Ma,所对应的锆石Ti含量温度计计算出的温度为689±14℃。金红石U-Pb定年给出的年龄为414.0±6.3Ma,代表了副片麻岩在折返过程中冷却到金红石U-Pb封闭温度约570℃的时代。而金红石Zr含量温度计给出同锆石边部较一致的温度685±9℃,代表了峰期变质时代的温度条件。根据锆石的变质时代和变质温度以及金红石的冷却年龄和封闭温度所限定的T-t轨迹,可以得出此副片麻岩在折返过程中的冷却速率约为11℃/Myr。     

Pe trology and SHRIMP zircon geochronology of granulites from Vesleknausen,Lützow-Holm Complex,East Antarctica: Neoarchean magmatism and Neoproterozoic high-grade metamorphism

We report new petrological data and geochronological measurements of granulites from Vesleknausen in the highest-grade section of the L＆#252;tzow-Holm Complex, part of the Gondwana-assembling collisional orogen in East Antarctica. The locality is dominated by felsic to intermediate orthogneiss （charnockite and minor biotite gneiss）, mafic orthogneiss, and hornblende-pyroxene granulite, with deformed and undeformed dykes of metagranite and felsic pegmatite. Pseudosection analysis of charnockite in the system NCKFMASHTO, supported by geothermometry of mafic orthogneiss, was used to infer peak metamorphic temperatures of 750e850 ？C, approximately 150 ？C lower than those estimated for met-asedimentary gneisses from Rundv？gshetta, 6 km to the northeast. SHRIMP U-Pb analysis of zircons from feldspar-pyroxene gneiss, which corresponds to a partially molten patch around mafic orthogneiss, yielded a Concordia upper intercept ages of 2507.9 ？ 7.4 Ma, corresponding to the time of formation of the magmatic protolith to the orthogneiss. Partial melting during peak metamorphism probably took place between 591 and 548 Ma, as recorded in rims overgrew around magmatic zircon. Our results suggest that Rundv？gshetta-Vesleknausen-Strandnibba region in southwestern L＆#252;tzow-Holm Bay, where orthogneisses are dominant, consists of a single crustal block, possibly formed by ca. 2.5 Ga arc mag-matism. The Neoarchean magmatic terrane was tectonically mingled with other fragments （such as metasedimentary units in northern L＆#252;tzow-Holm Bay） by subduction/collision events during the as-sembly of Gondwana supercontinent, and subsequently underwent w850 ？C granulite-facies meta-morphosed during Neoproterozoic to Cambrian final collisional event.     

Early Crystallized Titanomagnetite from Evolved Magmas and Magma Recharge in the Mesoproterozoic Zhuqing Oxide-Bearing Gabbroic Intrusions, Sichuan, SW China

The ca. 1.5 Ga mafic intrusions in the Zhuqing area, predominantly composed of alkaline gabbroic rocks in the Kangdian region of SW China, occur as dykes or irregular small intrusions hosting Fe–Ti–V mineralization. All of the intrusions that intrude the dolomite or shales of the Mesoproterozoic Heishan Formation of the Huili Group are composed of three cyclic units from the base upward: a marginal cyclic unit, a lower cyclic unit and an upper cyclic unit. The Fe–Ti–V oxide ore bodies are hosted in the lower and upper cyclic units. The textural relationships between minerals in the intrusions suggest that titanomagnetite formed earlier than silicate grains because euhedral magnetite and ilmenite grains were enclosed in clinopyroxene and plagioclase. Both the magnetitess–ilmenitess intergrowths due to subsolidus oxidation–exsolutions and the relative higher V distribution coefficient between magnetite and silicate melts in the gabbros from the Zhuqing area are different from those of other typical Fe–Ti bearing mafic rocks, suggesting that the oxygen fugacity was low in the gabbric rocks from the Zhuqing area. This finding was further confirmed by calculations based on the compositions of magnetite and ilmenite pairs. The clinopyroxene, magnetite and ilmenite in the intrusions from the Zhuqing area had considerably lower Mg O than those of other typical Fe–Ti oxide-rich complexes, suggesting that the titanomagnetite from the intrusion may have crystallized at a relatively late stage of evolution from a more evolved magma. Titanomagnetite first fractionally crystallized and subsequently settled in the lower parts of the magma chamber, where it concentrated and formed Fe–Ti–V oxide ore layers at the bases of the lower and upper cycles. Moreover, the occurrence of multiple Fe-Ti oxide layers alternating with Fe-Ti oxide-bearing silicate layers suggests that multiple pulses of magma were involved in the formation of the intrusions and related Fe-Ti-V oxide deposits in the Zhuqing area.     

河南信阳地区龟山岩组新元古代变质玄武岩的地球化学特征、Sr-Nd同位素组成及地质意义

对信阳地区商丹断裂带南侧龟山岩组新元古代变质玄武岩进行了岩石学、地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素研究,分析结果显示该套玄武岩为亚碱性拉斑玄武系列,分为低Ti及高Ti两种类型：低Ti型较富Mg,不相容元素富集程度及稀土分馏程度较低,具有E-MORB的微量元素地球化学特征,Sr-Nd同位素组成相对富集,可能来自地幔柱引发的岩石圈地幔的部分熔融,并受到一定程度的地壳混染;高Ti型较富Fe,强烈富集不相容元素,具有OIB的地球化学特征,Sr-Nd同位素组成较为亏损,可能来自地幔柱的部分熔融,并较少受到地壳物质的影响。综合构造判别显示该套玄武岩可能为地幔柱伸展背景下的岩浆活动产物,可能为区域上沿商丹断裂带分布的中—新元古代局部伸展背景岩浆活动产物的组成部分。     

甘肃敦煌观音沟地区变质作用初步研究

敦煌东南三危山观音沟地区,出露有石榴斜长角闪片麻岩,岩石中保存了三个阶段的变质矿物组合。进变质阶段的矿物组合(M1)以石榴子石变斑晶中的包裹体矿物组合(Hbl1+Pl1+Qtz1)为代表,形成条件约为550~575℃/5.2~5.7kbar(绿帘角闪岩相)。变质高峰期矿物组合(M2)主要由石榴子石变斑晶和基质矿物(Hbl2+Pl2+Qtz2±Cpx2)组成,形成温度670℃,压力11.9kbar(角闪岩相)。退变质阶段矿物组合(M3)为后成合晶矿物组合(Hbl3+Pl3+Qtz3),形成条件约为590~640℃/4.3~5.9kbar(角闪岩相)。观音沟石榴斜长角闪片麻岩记录了包含进变质、变质高峰、退变质过程的造山过程"西阿尔卑斯"型P-T轨迹,其中退变质阶段具有明显的近等温降压特征。变质作用P-T轨迹指示本地区可能经历了俯冲-碰撞-快速抬升的造山过程。结合年代学资料,该期造山事件可能发生于泥盆纪。     

青藏高原北羌塘盆地东部二叠纪高Ti玄武岩的地球化学特征

在北羌塘盆地东部莫云地区早二叠世栖霞期尕笛考组中首次发现高Ti玄武岩.在当郎寨剖面上,火山岩主要产于尕笛考组第2和第4岩性段,第3岩性段中火山岩呈夹层产出,火山岩形成于浅海环境.岩石类型包括杏仁状玄武岩、粗玄岩、块状玄武岩、橄榄玄武岩和安山玄武岩,属碱性玄武岩系列.该火山岩岩石地球化学特征表现为高FeO*,极高TiO2,较高FeO*/MgO值,而Al2O3、MgO和Mg"值则低,LIL(Rb、Sr、Ba)和HFSE(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th、P2O5)富集,REE总量高,显示出LREE富集的配分型式,Eu表现为弱的负异常或无异常,具板内碱性玄武岩的地球化学特征.以上特征表明,火山岩形成于陆块边缘拉张带(初始裂谷)环境.     

西大别造山带中新县-红安地区的变质变形分析

以商麻断裂为界,大别造山带分为东段和西段,西大别造山带是连接桐柏造山带和大别造山带的纽带。通过对几何学和运动学以及变质环境的研究表明：西大别造山带的形态为一个枢纽向西倾伏的巨型背形构造,且有圈层结构,层间存在滑脱面。西大别地区至少存在着3 期构造变形,第一期是南北边界剪切带的形成,第二期是层间滑脱面和榴辉岩透镜体的形成,第三期是晚期的岩体侵入。应力场的统计结果可知,西大别造山带主要受到近南北方向的挤压,统计结果真实地记录了西大别造山带形成时的古应力状态,对应着3 期变形的第一期。有限应变测量结果显示,从北向南岩石的变形强度存在着：强变形带→弱变形带→强变形带→弱变形带→强变形带这种强弱变形带交替出现的规律。通过白云母Ti温度计以及多硅白云母压力计结果显示西大别造山带中新县-红安地区岩石的变质条件为T = 450 ℃～620 ℃,P = 1.0～1.6 GPa,属于高压蓝片岩相到榴辉岩相。     

辽东本溪、营口花岗岩年龄及锆石饱和温度和Ti温度的地质意义

对辽东本溪连山关、高家沟和营口后仙峪三个花岗岩样品进行了LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年、微量元素以及全岩主量元素分析,计算了锆石饱和温度和Ti温度。连山关和高家沟花岗岩锆石U-Pb一致线上交点年龄分别为2198±31.5 Ma和2162±31 Ma,后仙峪花岗岩锆石207Pb/206Pb加权平均年龄为2204±37 Ma,在误差范围内一致地代表了辽东地区古元古代一期花岗岩浆侵位事件。三件样品Zr温度和Ti温度基本相同,平均温度分别为798℃(787~818℃)和779℃(764~797℃),与Ab-An-Or图解给出的温度范围一致。花岗岩副矿物中出现锆石和含Ti副矿物表明Zr温度和Ti温度既反映了锆石结晶温度也代表了花岗岩浆的上限温度。同时,Ti温度与Th/U、10000/Hf的关系对判断花岗岩浆熔融-结晶分异过程中体系开放程度及岩浆形成构造背景具有重要指示作用。     

内蒙卓资-凉城地区古元古代变质过铝/强过铝花岗岩的形成温度:区域高温/超高温变质作用证据

内蒙古卓资-凉城地区孔兹岩系出露大量古元古代过铝/强过铝花岗岩。野外地质和岩石地球化学特征均显示它们存在两种类型。一类来自孔兹岩部分熔融,与孔兹岩呈渐变过渡关系并以含有粗大的石榴石、石英和堇青石斑晶为特征,出露广泛(A类);另一类花岗岩为花岗侵入岩体,矿物粒度相对细小,无矿物斑晶,其起源尚待进一步查证(B类)。电子探针(EPMA)分析石英单颗粒Ti含量并运用钛温度计进行计算,结果显示两类花岗岩石英Ti温度存在较明显差异:A类中石英钛温度多集中在680℃～800℃和>800℃间,而B类花岗岩多集中在650℃～750℃间,前者较后者普遍存在高的Ti温度值;两类花岗岩的锆饱和温度也存在差异,两者分别集中在820℃～890℃和700℃～780℃间。结果表明,来自孔兹岩部分熔融的A类花岗质岩石形成温度应高于900℃,B类花岗岩侵入体的石英和锆饱和温度均反映出正常花岗质侵入体结晶温度范围。由于A类花岗岩广泛分布在卓资-凉城地区,因此我们认为本区发生的超高温变质作用属于区域高温/超高温变质作用的结果。     

鱼耳石的成因矿物学属性:环境标型及其研究新方法

鱼耳石是鱼类头骨两侧的组织器官,是典型生命矿物文石的载体,发育明显的环带结构。其环带数和韵律层厚度反映鱼龄和鱼体生长速率;其δ^8O值能指示水体温度。利用环带的几何学特征、颜色、常量和微量元素特征与氧同位素和碳同位素组成结合,可有效地鉴别鱼的种群结构,追索鱼的源区、迁移习性、营养水平,记录水体环境的变迁,预测未来水体环境变化趋势,指导渔业生产战略布局。本文首次开发的鱼耳石之文石纳米形貌和热发光参数,可有效地指示相应水体的环境特征,用于进行不同来源区的判别和鱼类资源管理。