地球弓激波前的低频磁流体波

一、引言 在地球弓激波前存在着低频磁流体波。这种低频磁流体波是太阳风在地球弓激波上的反射粒子和太阳风粒子之间相互作用产生的。根据人造卫星的观测资料可以得到,在地球弓激波前,Pc3-4脉动频率范围内的低频磁流体波的主频率和行星际磁场强度     

帕米尔-兴都库什地区地震空间分布特征及应力场特征

本文研究了兴都库什及帕米尔地区地震的空间分布.发现h<70km的地震分布广泛,h≥100km的地震形成-S形的倾斜中源地震带.在71.5°E以西,中源地震带倾向接近正北,倾角随深度变化,在深部接近垂直,且倾角自西向东逐渐变陡,在71.5°E以东,倾向逐渐由东南变为正南. 分析了121个m_b≥5.0地震的机制解.浅源地震机制解的P轴大多位于NS和NNW-SSE方向,且多近水平,反映此区受到NS或NNW-SSE方向挤压.各剖面应力轴分布规律性强,在150km以下,总的趋势是机制解的T轴接近于倾斜的中源地震带的下倾方向,而P轴倾角较小且垂直于倾斜的中源地震带的走向.     

人工引发雷电试验及其特征的初步分析

1989年夏季，我们在甘肃永登黑林子地区进行了用拖带接地金属细丝的火箭引发雷电的试验，获得了3次成功。本文分析了这3次引发雷电的放电特征。结果表明，放电是在雷暴云下部正电荷的作用下上行负流光的激发和传播过程，雷电人工引发时的地面电场为6－8kV/m。由一简单物理模式粗略地定量估算出了放电参数：中和电荷量约为12－5．3C,电荷 中心离地高度1．3－2．5km，和甘肃地区雷暴云下部正电荷中心高度范围一致。     

陕西地区岩浆岩Nd、Sr同位素特征及其与大地构造发展的联系

岩浆岩Nd、Sr同位素特征表明,扬子地块基底有着和华北地块很不相同的早期演变历史。这意味着华北和扬子两地块在历史上曾经是相互独立的,后来才拼合在一起。Nd、Sr同位素研究还表明,华北和扬子两地块的会聚在泥盆纪以前就已经在进行中,它是通过位於两地块之间的古秦岭海洋壳俯冲消亡在华北地块之下实现;华北和扬子两陆块最终相碰撞至少发生在二叠纪以前。     

Air-sea interaction over the tropical Indian Ocean during several contrasting monsoon seasons

Monthly mean anomaly fields of various parameters like sea surface temperature, air temperature, wind stress, effective radiation at the surface, heat gain over the ocean and the total heat loss between a good and bad monsoon composite and the evaporation rates over the Arabian Sea and southern hemisphere have been studied over the tropical Indian Ocean. The mean rates of evaporation on a seasonal scale over the Arabian Sea during a good and bad monsoon composites were equal (about 2·48 × 10¹⁰ tons/day). The evaporation rates over the southern hemisphere were greater during all the months. The mean evaporation rates over the southern hemisphere on a seasonal scale for the good and bad monsoon composites were 4·4 × 10¹⁰ and 4·6 × 10¹⁰ tons/day respectively. The maximum evaporation rates over the southern hemisphere were observed in August. The anomalies of wind stress, effective radiation at the surface and the heat gain over the ocean also exhibit large variations in August, as compared to other monsoon months.     

对中国大陆区域地磁场提取的认识

本文从球谐函数理论的物理含义、中国地磁数据的分布情况及实际计算结果的分析,提出对当前用球谐函数拟合法提取中国大陆区域地磁异常的几点认识。     

地壳岩石的渗透性状及孔隙水对岩石力学性质的影响

本文概述地壳岩石渗透性状和孔隙水对岩石力学性质影响的研究现状及已取得的成果;指出孔隙压的形成及分布,孔隙度、渗透率与孔隙压的关系。孔隙压的有效应力,孔隙压对岩石形变。破裂机制的影响以及从断裂力学观点考察孔隙压的作用等系今后该领域研究的主要课题和发展方向。     

长江中下游地震同青藏高原北部地震的相关性

本文对比了1910—1987年发生的长江中下游地震和青藏高原北部地震,发现两者有比较好的对应关系。一般是,青藏高原北部先发生M≥6级地震,而后长江中下游地区发生M≥19/4级地震。对1910年以来的21次地震进行了统计分析,得到复相关系数R=0.74,能够在很高的显著性水平上通过F检验。地震活动在时间、空间、强度上的相关,现代构造运动及应力场等事实表明,长江中下游地震活动可能主要受青藏高原向东的横向推移运动的影响。     

Flood dynamics of a concrete-lined,urban stream in Kansas City,Missouri

Brush Creek drains a 76·1 km² watershed within urban Kansas City, Missouri and eastern Kansas. A concrete-lined reach trending 6·1 km through the Plaza District of Kansas City, Missouri has been the focus for several major floods over the past ten years. Channel geometry, slope, and floodwater elevations were determined in the field for segments of the concrete-lined section of Brush Creek for a flood event that occurred on September 18, 1986. Discharge was computed by indirect methods and compared to a value determined from a rating curve established by the Water Resources Division of the U.S.G.S. Boundary shear stress, unit stream power, and average velocity were also computed in order to establish a quantitative relationship between sediment distribution, volume, and size fractions; and flow dynamics operating throughout the channel during this event. Boundary shear stress ranged from 91-96 Nm^?2, stream power was 528-557 Wm^?2, while average velocity was 5-8 ms^?1. These values were sufficient to displace concrete slabs as large as 5 m long by 4·6 m wide by 0·23 m thick weighing an estimated 12 245 kg. As the channel was sediment free and unsecured prior to the flood, the distribution of deposits and subsequent channel scour provide valuable evidence for potentially hazardous sections of this urban stream.