东海温度锋的分布特征及其季节变异

根据１９３４－１９８８年东海水文观测资料，重点分析东海温度锋的分布特征及其季节变异，并结合近期中日黑潮合作调查研究成果，初步探讨温度锋季节变异和水团演变的关系，所得主要结论是：（１）东海不仅常年存在浙闽沿岸锋，东海北部陆架锋和黑潮锋，而且、春、夏两季，在东海南部还出现一条东海中部出架锋。（２）江海温度锋季节变化的特点是：冬季，锋的宽度和强度皆是表层最强，夏季，表层温度锋仅出现在浙江近岸小范围海域。     

博州近45年气温变化特征分析

用博州4个气象站1960～2004年的月平均气温资料,分析了博州3个气候区域近45a来的气温变化特征.结果表明：45a来博州地区气候逐渐变暖,特剐是上世纪80年代中期以来增温尤为明显,中部博河河谷区及东部平原增温幅度明显大于博州山区.博州山区的夏季气温略有下降.上世纪60年代异常冷冬、凉夏事件最多,80年代异常冷暖事件最少.     

北太平洋副热带逆流的气候特征

分析了从1992年10月到1996年10月的TOPEX/POSEIDON卫星高度计和POCM模式输出的海平面高度（SSH）资料、Levitus气候平均温盐资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析纬向流资料以及沿137oE剖面的海流资料。分析结果表明,在年平均和月平均意义下,向东的副热带逆流（STCC）位于18oN～25oN、130oE～157oW间150 m以内的海洋上层,其强度大约为0.02～0.04 m/s,在西太平洋夏季（7月）最强,冬季（1月）最弱。在STCC以下650 m以上,还存在一支向西的流,流速也约为0.02～0.04 m/s。在STCC区域内,SSH有明显的准90天振荡。在天气时间尺度上,一些气旋和反气旋涡出现在STCC海域,使该海域的流在方向和强度上变化很大。     

Seismic Activity in the Himalayan Orogenic Belt and Its Related Geohazards

Himalayan orogenic belt is the highest and largest continental collision and subduction zone on the Earth. The Himalayan orogenic belt has produced frequent large earthquakes and caused several geohazards due to landslides and housing collapse, having an impact on the safety of life and property along a length of over 2500 km. Here we took three earthquake clusters as examples, which occurred at Nepal Himalaya, eastern Himalayan syntaxis and western Himalayan syntaxis, respectively. Here we calculated the earthquake locations and fault plane solutions based on the waveform data recorded by seismic stations deployed in source areas by the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences. We found that at the Nepal Himalayan, the Main Himalayan Thrust is the major tectonic structure for large earthquakes to occur. At the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, most earthquakes are of the reverse or strike-slip faulting. The major tectonic feature is the combination of the NE-dipping thrust with the southeastern escape of the Tibetan plateau. At the western Himalayan syntaxis, intermediate-depth earthquakes are active. These observations reveal the geometry of the deep subduction of the continental plate with steep dipping angle.     

广西铜坑锡多金属矿构造特征及控矿作用

铜坑锡多金属矿位于丹池成矿带中部大厂矿田内.构造研究表明,区内构造主要经历了海西期拉张拗陷、印支期挤压变形和燕山晚期拉张作用.大厂背斜轴迹由北北西转为北西西部位与大厂背斜枢纽隆起部位两者的叠加是形成铜坑矿的有利构造.矿床上部由于岩层压力较小,处于相对开放体系,构造变形多以NE向张或张扭性断裂、裂隙为主,矿床下部由于上覆...     

宁芜云台山黄铁矿矿床中黄铁矿矿物的初步研究

宁芜云台山黄铁矿矿床中黄铁矿矿物以自形晶为主 ,次为他形粒状 ;黄铁矿晶胞参数为 5 .415 2 3～ 5 .41843× 10 -10 m ,晶体化学式为 (Fe0 .9968Co0 .0 0 0 6Ni0 .0 0 2 6) 1.0 0 0 0 S2 .0 597;黄铁矿红外吸收光谱主吸收峰值为 34 8cm-1,最小透过率为 30 .0 0 %～ 48.80 % ,透过率极差为 31.13～ 47.5 1;黄铁矿中Fe平均含量为 45 .44 % ,S平均含量 5 3.91% ,具有富S特征 ;Co/Ni平均值为 0 .2 1;稀土元素总量平均为2 1.84× 10 -6,具有明显负铈异常 (δCe :0 .76～ 0 .93)和负铕异常 (δEu :0 .72～ 0 .90 ) ;硫同位素组成δ3 4S为 7.0 0‰～ 2 3.0 0‰ ,黄铁矿是含矿热液以堆积、充填和交代方式形成 ,黄铁矿床为火山热水沉积矿床。     

东天山觉罗塔格造山带康古尔塔格断裂带构造特征及边界属性研究

东天山觉罗塔格造山带是塔里木板块和古亚洲洋碰撞对接的关键部位,为中亚造山带的重要组成部分,而其大地构造属性一直存在着争议。康古尔塔格断裂带作为觉罗塔格造山带的边界断裂,其构造特征的研究对区内大地构造演化有重要的启示作用。通过对康古尔塔格断裂带的地质特征、火山沉积建造及演化过程等方面的研究,发现康古尔塔格断裂带为韧性兼走滑特征深层次的剪切带;区内石炭系火山岩具有典型的沟-弧-盆体系火山-沉积建造特征;康古尔塔格断裂带到阿其克库都克断裂带之间的区域为准噶尔板块与塔里木板块之间的碰撞缝合带;早石炭-晚二叠世,康古尔大洋发生了颇具规模的南北双向俯冲,形成了康-阿缝合带,而康古尔塔格断裂带为康-阿缝合带的北部边界。     

中国大陆科学钻探主孔2000米以上脆性变形构造应力场

在主孔2000米之内,存在复杂的脆性破裂系统和构造应力场。根据其充填物的特征,可划分为由石英、方解石和绿泥石等矿物充填的微破裂,发育石英、方解石等矿物薄膜或擦痕线理的微破裂和既无矿物充填、也无矿物薄膜的微破裂等3种不同类型的脆性应变现象,它们依次代表早、中、晚和深、中、浅3个不同构造层次的脆性变形。初步分析表明脆性变形阶段存在有以南东东-北西西向为主导的挤压作用、北东-南西向的区域挤压作用、南北向挤压作用和垂向伸展作用等4期构造应力场。郯庐断裂东侧的现代构造应力场在区域上具有极大的稳定性。在脆性和脆-韧性转换带,制约苏鲁高压-超高压变质带侵位的主导应力作用方式为自南东东往北西西方向的挤压,它在时间和空间上具有一定的稳定性。     

Provenance and tectonic setting of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang formation shales in the Yangtze platform,South China: Implications for depositional setting of shales

Geochemical compositions of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation shales in the southeastern Yangtze Platform margin were investigated for provenance, tectonic setting, and depositional environment. The shale samples are characterized by higher abundances of large ion lithophile elements (Cs, Ba, and Pb), lower abundances of high field strength elements (Cr, Sc, and Co) and transition elements (Th, Zr, Hf, Nb, and Ta) relative to average shale. North American shale composition (NASC) -normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns are observed, with negative Ce anomalies, negative Eu anomalies, and positive Y anomalies. The chemical index of alteration (CIA) varies from 68.67–74.93. Alkali and alkaline element contents and CIA values suggest that the source rocks have undergone moderate weathering. The index of compositional variability (ICV), Zr/Sc and Th/Sc ratios vary from 0.53 to 1.07, 5.31 to 8.18 and 0.52–1.02, respectively. ICV values and relationships between Zr/Sc and Th/Sc ratios indicate negligible sedimentary recycling. The Al₂O₃/TiO₂ (14–26) and TiO₂/Zr (56–77) ratios imply that the source rocks of the investigated shales had intermediate igneous compositions. However, Cr/V ratios and a La/Th–Hf discrimination diagram suggest that the intermediate compositional signal of the source rocks was derived from a mixture of 75% mafic and 25% felsic igneous rocks rather than intermediate igneous rocks. The major source was the Jiangnan continental island arc with bimodal igneous rocks, lying to the south of the study area, together with a contribution from granites and gneisses uplifted and eroded in the Yangtze Block. Discrimination of tectonic setting using major and trace elements indicates that the source rocks originated in a transitional setting from active continental to passive margin, consistent with the failed intracontinental rift model for the evolution of the South China plate. The Niutitang Formation shales were deposited in a rift basin setting under conditions of anoxic bottom water in a redox-stratified water column, with organic-rich shales prospective for shale-gas production being found in deep-water downslope and basin environments rather than the shallow-water shelf.     

2019年四川长宁6.0级地震序列时空演化特征及其地震构造环境研究

地震序列类型能够直观地反映构造应力场环境、地震构造及孕震环境介质的差异性。主—余型地震多发生在相对均匀的介质环境,而前—主—余型地震及震群型地震往往发生在复杂的构造环境。2019年6月17日四川省宜宾市长宁县发生的6.0级地震余震活动总体呈NW向分布,其南东段的余震呈相对单一的NW向条带状,而北西段的余震活动呈现丛集的特征。两段的地震序列类型也表现出明显的差异性,南东段地震序列为主—余型,序列衰减速度较快;北西段地震序列为震群型,序列初期衰减非常缓慢,余震丰富。此次6.0级地震序列发生在长宁—双河大背斜上,该复式背斜主要由多个次级褶皱构造和不同走向的伴生断层组成,结构复杂。长宁6.0级地震序列的分段性特征表明,该地震序列不是发生在单一的断裂构造上,为多个构造级联破裂所导致的复合型地震序列。此外,序列北西段余震的深度逐渐变深,可能预示着该区域受华蓥山断裂带活动的影响,地震序列对华蓥山断裂带未来地震活动的影响应引起关注。