从成岩-蚀变特征探讨塔深1井白云岩储层成因

塔深1井钻遇的寒武系地层属于中寒武统阿瓦塔格组和上寒武统丘里塔格下亚群。阿瓦塔格组以灰色-深灰色粉晶-细晶藻白云岩为主,丘里塔格下亚群以灰色-浅灰色晶粒结构白云岩与残余亮晶结构白云岩为主。藻白云岩在阴极发光下以明亮的中等强度砖红色-桔黄色为主要特点,具有相对偏重的δ18O值(-6.3‰~-4.5‰,平均为-5.3‰,VPDB)、相对较高的稀土总量以及与正常海相碳酸盐岩相似的稀土配分样式。晶粒白云岩与残余亮晶结构白云岩在阴极发光下以偏暗的中等强度蓝紫色-砖红色为主要特点,具有相对偏轻的δ18O值(-9.2‰~-5.7‰,平均为-7.5‰,VPDB)、相对偏低的稀土总量、Eu正异常与重稀土明显亏损为特点的稀土配分模式。阿瓦塔格组和丘里塔格下亚群白云岩在上述岩石学特征和地球化学特征上的差异表明储层发育的成岩-蚀变过程存在差异。研究认为,埋藏较深的阿瓦塔格组优质储层的形成受多种因素控制,其中准同生期大气淡水作用下石膏结核的溶解及非稳定碳酸盐矿物的溶解奠定了基础,后期成岩改造及流体作用进行了强化,局部遭充填破坏。     

塔里木陆块西北缘萨热克砂岩型铜矿床构造-流体演化对成矿的制约

塔里木陆块西北缘萨热克砂岩型铜矿床构造演化、流体演化与成矿之间具有密切关系,处于一个统一系统中。矿床成岩期方解石中包裹体水的δD值为-65.3‰~-99.2‰,改造成矿期石英包裹体水的δD值为-77.7‰~-96.3‰,成岩成矿期成矿流体δ~(18)OH_2O变化范围为-3.22‰~1.84‰,改造成矿期成矿流体δ~(18)OH_2O变化范围为-4.26‰~5.14‰,指示萨热克铜矿成岩期、改造期成矿流体主要为中生代大气降水及其经水岩作用而成的盆地卤水。矿石中辉铜矿δ~(34)S值为-24.7‰~-15.4‰,指示硫主要源自硫酸盐细菌与有机质还原,部分源于有机硫。构造与成矿流体演化对砂岩铜矿成矿起关键制约作用。盆地发展早期强烈的抬升运动使盆地周缘基底与古生界剥蚀,为富铜矿源层的形成提供了丰富物源,至晚侏罗世盆地发展晚期,长期演化积聚的巨量含矿流体在库孜贡苏组砾岩胶结物及裂隙中富集,在萨热克巴依盆地内形成具有经济意义的砂岩型铜矿床。     

Formation and evolution of the Archean continental crust of China: A review

The mainland of China is composed of the North China Craton, the South China Craton, the Tarim Craton and other young orogenic belts. Amongst the three cratons, the North China Craton has been studied most and noted for its widely-distributed Archean basement rocks. In this paper, we assess and compare the geology, rock types, formation age and geochemical composition features of the Archean basements of the three cratons. They have some common characteristics, including the fact that the crustal rocks prior to the Paleoarchean and the supracrustal rocks of the Neoarchean were preserved, and Tonalite-Trondhjemtite-Granodiorite (TTG) magmatism and tectono-magmatism occurred at about 2.7 Ga and about 2.5 Ga respectively. The Tarim Craton and the North China Craton show more similarities in their early Precambrian crustal evolution. Significant findings on the Archean basement of the North China Craton are concluded to be: (1) the tectonic regime in the early stage (>3.1 Ga) is distinct from modern plate tectonics; (2) the continental crust accretion occurred mostly from the late Mesoarchean to the early Neoarchean period; (3) a huge linear tectonic belt already existed in the late Neoarchean period, suggesting the beginning of plate tectonics; and (4) the preliminary cratonization had already been completed by about 2.5 Ga. Hadean detrital zircons were found at a total of nine locations within China. Most of them show clear oscillatory zoning, sharing similar textures with magmatic zircons from intermediate-felsic magmatic rocks. This indicates that a fair quantity of continental material had already developed on Earth at that time.     

沁水盆地原始水动力场类型及其对煤层气排采的影响

水动力场研究在煤层气勘探开发中具有重要作用。本文首先讨论了基于煤层气井排采资料的水动力场研究方法,在分析沁水盆地柿庄区块原始水动力场特点的基础上,结合前人在盆地其他区块水动力场的研究成果,分析了沁水盆地原始水动力场的类型,进而探讨了水动力场类型对煤层气排采的控制作用。研究表明:沁水盆地自边缘向腹部依次存在重力驱动型、滞流型和压实驱动型三种类型的区域原始水动力场;重力驱动型和滞流型水动力场具备煤层气保存条件,含气量高,煤层气排采效果相对较好,而压实驱动型水动力场虽具备一定的保存条件,但因地层压力较高,煤层气井排水降压困难,产气效果较差;无论是在重力驱动型还是滞流型的区域水动力场中,局部的低势汇聚区具备煤层气保存和排采的有利条件,煤层气开发效果一般较好。在未来煤层气勘探开发过程中,应将重力流驱型或滞流型水动力场所在区域中的局部低势汇聚区作为煤层气开发的甜点区。     

新疆西昆仑汗铁热克一带侏罗纪沉积相与沉积环境分析

新疆西昆仑汗铁热克一带地处塔里木盆地西南缘,构造上属塔里木盆地与西昆仑造山带的结合部位,侏罗纪地层包括积莎里塔什组、康苏组、扬叶组、塔尔尕组和库孜贡苏组。根据岩性、颜色、粒度分析及沉积相标志等方法,将汗铁热克一带侏罗纪沉积环境与沉积相划分为冲积扇、扇三角洲和湖泊相,其沉积特征为侏罗纪早期快速充填,中期稳定沉降,晚期短暂的沉积间断后充填,并系统分析了研究区在整个侏罗纪沉积环境演化规律。     

塔里木溢流玄武岩火山通道的三维结构及其热成因气体释放

塔里木上奥陶统-志留系沉积地层中广泛发育早二叠世溢流玄武岩的火山通道相岩床-岩墙网络。三维地震数据解释结果显示,这些火山通道以平行围岩地层的岩床和斜切围岩地层的"碟状岩床"为主要特征。在玄武岩喷发过程中,火山通道岩浆的热量可以导致沉积围岩发生热接触变质并将沉积围岩中的有机质转化为"热成因气体"。在塔北英买2井区火山通道烘烤沉积围岩模型基础上,利用有限元热模拟方法确定了该区早二叠世玄武岩喷发时火山通道热烘烤影响范围随时间的变化。基于沉积围岩有机质丰度估算,该区热烘烤成因甲烷释放量可达11.3Gt(即113亿吨)。如果整个塔里木溢流玄武岩省具有与英买2地区相同的释放强度,则塔里木溢流玄武岩省活动期间释放的甲烷总量可达7062.5Gt,必然导致非常显著的环境效应。同时,玄武岩火山通道岩浆引起的热接触变质作用对已存在的油藏具有明显的破坏作用,塔里木盆地古生界总量约8~10Gt的油藏破坏和大量沥青的形成可能与此有关。     

Water Cycle Analysis of Social and Economic System in Tarim River Basin

Water cycle includes natural water circulation and social economic system water cycle. The concept of virtual water provides a new method and means for studying social water circulation. This paper is based on the theory of water circulation in social and economic system, using input-output analysis method quantitatively describes the Tarim River basin of social water cycle paths and analysis of water resources management in Tarim River basin sustainable development process of the key issues. The results show that the main sectors of virtual water export in the Tarim River Basin are agriculture, petroleum, natural gas and food industry. Agricultural water accounts for more than 98% of total water consumption, most of which is transferred to the food and textile industries, and the food industry export water from the agricultural sector. Shandong Province is the largest virtual water transport area in the Tarim River Basin. The main sector of virtual water input in the Tarim River Basin is the metallurgical industry. Finally, in view of the problems arising from the inter-industrial and inter-regional social water circulation in the Tarim River basin, the paper puts forward the ways and strategies of regulating agricultural and industrial water use in the Tarim River Basin.     

Quantitative characterization of different coal rank reservoirs permeability based on NMR and X-CT technology

With the increasing development of coalbed methane (CBM) field, the quantitative characterization and evaluation of coal reservoir physical properties is becoming more and more important to CBM scale development. In order to solve the limitations of conventional methods for testing coal reservoir physical properties, the authors used the high-tech technologies such as nuclear magnetic resonance technology and CT scanning technology to effectively solve the problems of in-situ and integrity of rock samples and acquire the porosity and permeability. Nuclear magnetic resonance and CT scanning experiments of coal samples were carried out to rapidly obtain the pore type, pore size distribution and connectivity, effective porosity, spatial distribution of pore fissures and other refined coal reservoir physical parameters, based on the samples of middle and low rank coal in Shenfu block and high rank coal in Shizhuangnan block. So a set of quantitative characterization analysis technology that can be applied to coal reservoirs with different coal rank was formed.     

基于GPS的青藏块体东北缘近期地壳水平运动与变形研究

以"中国地壳运动观测网络"工程1999-2001年GPS观测数据以及"大陆强震机理与预测"国家基础研究项目青藏块体东北缘GPS网1999,2001,2003年的观测资料为基础,应用GAM IT/GLOBK软件对数据进行精密解算,获得了青藏块体东北缘1999-2001年相对于鼎新基准站以及欧亚板块的水平运动速度场。结合板块构造以及大地动力学理论,对青藏块体进行了块体的划分,分析了块体间的相互作用,并进一步分析了该地区的地壳水平运动特征,得出了以下结论:(1)GPS技术用于地壳运动的监测是可行的;(2)1999-2001年期间,祁连-海原断裂带GPS运动位移与地质结果十分吻合;(3)印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞以碰撞后印度大陆继续以50 mm/a的速度向北推进是青藏块体东北缘的运动动力;(4)甘青块体西部子块体以北东向挤压运动为主;东部子块体主要表现为以海原断裂带为北边界的顺时针旋转为主;(5)鄂尔多斯块体存在逆时针旋转运动,其旋转速度在块体西南侧的六盘山断裂带一带最大,向北至块体西北部明显减小。     

兴安地块南段晚泥盆世包格德岩体时代的厘定及地质意义

中亚造山带东端兴安地块南段的包格德岩体由石英二长岩、二长花岗岩和花岗斑岩3种岩性组成,岩体锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果分别为368±+1 Ma、364±1 Ma、355±1 Ma,为晚泥盆-早石炭世岩浆活动的产物;岩体的(Na2O+K2O)含量为7.62％～8.82％,K2O/Na2O值为0.93～4.21...