北京十三陵元古宙大红峪组含事件信息的沉积岩研究

北京十三陵元古宙大红峪组在不足４ｋｍ的距离内岩相急剧变化,实为国内外罕见。从东至西,泰陵剖面由灰色角砾硅化岩＋黑色粉砂凝灰页岩＋黄色含长石石英砂岩组成,山顶部面由不纯砂岩＋泥质白云岩组成,德胜口剖面由泥质白云岩＋石英砂岩＋层凝灰岩组成。本文仅对泰陵剖面大红峪组的三种岩石进行系统研究。宏观、微观特征、地球化学和同位素地球化学分析数据表明：泰陵剖面大红峪组的灰色角砾硅化岩和黑色粉砂凝灰页岩是受火山－地     

Geochemical characteristics of trace elements and tectonic setting of sandstones from the Upper Ordovician Pingliang Formation,southwestern margin of Ordos Basin: A case study of the Duanjiaxia profile,Longxian County

Due to the lack of reliable sedimentary provenance data,the geological setting and its provenance of the southwestern margin of Ordos Basin in Late Ordovician is uncertain. In this paper,the sandstone of Upper Ordovician Pingliang Formation in Duanjiaxia profile of Longxian area is selected for a systematic study. Using the methods including the comprehensive analysis on the measured geological profile,analysis of microscopic thin section and trace elements,the following results are obtained: (1)the thin section analysis shows that the sandstone is well sorted but poorly rounded. Clastic grains are dominated by quartz,while the rock fragments are mainly composed of polycrystalline quartz,carbonate sand debris,and a little matrix,which means that the turbidite sandstone has been reworked by obvious traction of deep-water;(2)Rare Earth Element(REE)distribution model shows that the sandstone is rich in LREE and is short of HREE and has the negative Eu-anomaly,indicating that the provenance may derive from the intermediate and acid rock in the upper crust;(3)the provenance discrimination diagrams show that the sandstone of the Pingliang Formation is a mixture of sedimentary rock and granite,while the magmatic component is dominated by intermediate and acid rock;(4)Geochemical data of the sandstone suggests that the geological setting significantly belong to continental island arc and passive continental settings. The study area in Longxian during the Late Ordovician period was located in the back arc basin. At that time,the southwestern margin of the North China Craton with the full trench-arc-basin system was changed from the passive continental margin into the active continental margin.     

海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷轻质油层录井综合识别与评价

海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷的油层主要为轻质原油(轻油)层。含轻油砂岩岩心颜色浅,具较浓油气味,普照浅黄色,二次观察含油颜色不明显,油气味变淡或消失,二次荧光普照无荧光颜色。轻油密度范围为0.79～0.82 g/cm³,粘度为1.60～5.40 mPa·s。轻油全烃最大值一般大于0.50%,比值大于3.0。热解分析总烃含量值大于2.00 mg/g,原油轻重指数为2～6。轻油气相色谱分析反映碳数分布范围为nC₈-nC₂₅、主峰碳数为nC₁₈-nC₂₀,进行二次气相色谱分析,色谱呈直线形态。利用单位重量储层的含油量与有效孔隙度交汇图版可识别出油层、油水同层、水层;将原油轻重组分指数与原油的密度、粘度进行回归分析,建立原油类型判别标准及图版,实现轻油层及稠油层的判别。根据静态产能指数和动态产能指数识别高产、工业、低产和偏干4类油层,预测符合率大于90%。     

淡水资源勘探无岩心钻进的电测井方法

根据电测井所得数值,通过造浆水影响改正及颗粒度影响改正后,利用相关图判定地层水矿化度,达到半定量或接近定量分析水平,完成淡水勘探中只对淡水层进行评价,进而实现无岩心钻进,结合抽水试验结果,优化取水位置,获取水质好、涌水量大的效果。     

重庆市沥鼻峡背斜盐井矿区龙潭组沉积特征及聚煤规律

通过对重庆市沥鼻峡背斜盐计矿区含煤地层研究，探讨了矿区龙潭组的沉积特征和聚煤规律，得出矿区龙潭组为泻湖-海湾-潮坪沉积体系，成煤时期的不同沉积环境，聚煤沉降幅度小，沉积速度和物质补偿均衡，有利于泥炭堆积，因此矿区含煤层数、煤层厚度较稳定，该区处于华蓥山潮坪地带，是龙潭期聚煤中心之一。     

徐州大北望地区馒头组碳酸盐-陆源碎屑混合沉积

陆源碎屑与碳酸盐混合沉积是一种沉积机理特殊而又有重要意义的沉积现象,在徐州大北望地区寒武系馒头组广泛发育。在野外观察和地质资料分析的基础上,结合薄片分析,对徐州大北望地区的混合沉积进行了详细的研究。结果表明:发育混合沉积的环境有混积潮坪、混积局限台地、混积开阔台地、混积台地边缘。在此基础上,以沉积学原理为指导,建立了徐州大北望地区馒头组混合沉积模式,并对研究区混合沉积的控制因素进行了归纳和讨论。     

吉林省北部西土山火山岩的地质特征及其形成的地质时代

本文以实际资料，叙述了西土山火山岩的地质、岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素等方面的特征。与中国晚三叠世火山岩对比较吻合。且以较丰富的古生物及同位素年龄资料论证了西土山火山岩的地质时代属晚三叠世。     

Lithostratigraphy, Sedimentology, and Provenance of the Balfour Formation (Beaufort Group) in the Fort Beaufort–Alice Area, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Abstract: The Balfour Formation has a pronounced lithological variation that is characterized by alternating sandstone- and mudstone-dominated members. The sandstone-dominated Oudeberg and Barberskrans Members are composed of lithofacies that range from intraformational conglomerates to fine-grained sediments, whereas the mudstone-dominated members (Daggaboersnek, Elandsberg, and Palingkloof) are dominated by the facies Fm and Fl. Petrography, geochemistry, and a paleocurrent analysis indicated that the source rock of the Balfour Formation was to south east and the rocks had a transitional/dissected magmatic arc signature. The sandstones-rich members were deposited by seasonal and ephemeral high-energy, low-sinuous streams, and the fine-grained-rich members were formed by ephemeral meandering streams. The paleoclimates have been equated to present temperate climates; they were semiarid becoming arid towards the top of the Balfour Formation. This has been determined by reconstructing the paleolatitude of the Karoo Basin, geochemistry, paleontology, sedimentary structures, and other rock properties, like color.     

New biostratigraphic data from the Cretaceous Bolinxiala Formation in Zanda, southwestern Tibet of China, and their paleogeographic and paleoceanographic implications

Planktonic foraminiferal fossil assemblages identified from the Bolinxiala Formation in Bolin, Zanda, southwestern Tibet of China, determine its age from latest Albian to Maastrichtian. The fossil contents of the Bolinxiala Formation allow its correlation with successions across a platform-to-basin transect of the Late Cretaceous Tethyan Himalaya passive margin. The ocean anoxic event at the Cenomanian–Turonian transition (OAE2) is located at the Whiteinella archaeocretacaea biozone in Zanda, but lithologically it is characterized by grey and bioturbated limestone, implying that during the OAE2 the shallow-water environments of the Tethyan Himalayan carbonate platform remained oxic. Paleogeographic reconstruction indicates that the Upper Cretaceous Oceanic Red Beds (CORBs) in southern Tibet are restricted to the slope and basinal environments but they are entirely missing in the shelf environments. This phenomenon suggests the formation of CORBs by oxidation of Fe(II)-enriched anoxic deep ocean seawater at the chemocline that separated the oxic surface ocean from anoxic deep ocean. For depositional environments above the chemocline, no CORBs would be expected. Because of the chemocline instability across different sedimentary basins, CORBs may be significantly diachronous, consistent with the occurrence of CORBs documented from global sedimentary basins.     

新疆阿合奇地区哈拉奇组、康克林组碳酸盐岩微相特征和沉积环境

采用微相分析的方法,对新疆阿合奇地区晚石炭世一早二叠世哈拉奇组和康克林组碳酸盐岩的微相类型和沉积环境进行了研究,发现两地层单元具有不同的岩石结构、颗粒组分及生物化石组合微相特征。哈拉奇组沉积粒度相对较细,泥质含量较高,生物碎屑相对较少,可划分出5种微相类型和5种次一级微相类型;康克林组生物种类丰富,个体保存较完整,颗粒组分出现了较多鲕粒、核形石等,亮晶胶结普遍,泥级组分相对较少,可划分出6种微相类型和8种次一级微相类型。根据微相类型组合特征和野外沉积构造,认为哈拉奇组碳酸盐岩主要形成于深水陆棚和台地斜坡2种沉积环境,其次为台地边缘浅滩和开阔台地沉积,总体反映较深水沉积环境;康克林组碳酸盐岩主要形成于台地边缘浅滩、开阔台地和局限台地3种沉积环境,反映沉积环境水体相对较浅。