从化石群及壳体同位素看古近纪东营湖湖水化学

从"海源陆生化石"、壳体O、C和S同位素等几个新的角度和方法对山东东营凹陷古近纪古湖泊湖水化学性质进行讨论.通过与现生"海源陆生生物"的比较,得出原先认为是"海相"标志的有孔虫、钙质超微化石、沟鞭藻和疑源类、多毛类和鱼类等实际上是"海源陆生化石",它们生活在以Cl-和Na+为主的咸水湖泊环境.超微化石S同位素分析表明,渐新世与始新世钙质超微化石的87Sr/86Sr 比值都明显高于同时期海水的87Sr/86Sr比值,而与现代河、湖水的87Sr/86Sr比值相近,进一步揭示它们生活的环境不是海,而是与海无关的湖.介形虫壳体O、C同位素分析则表明,古东营湖是一封闭型咸水湖泊,从另一角度也否定了与海连通的可能性.根据不同层段同位素特征讨论了湖水矿化度的相对变化.     

Role of barotropic mechanism in the development of a monsoon depression: A MONEX study

The role of barotropic processes in the development of a monsoon depression, formed on 5 July 1979 during MONEX observational period, is studied by considering it as a quasi-geostrophic divergent barotropic instability problem of zonal flow of 3 July 1979 at 700 mb level. Numerical solutions are obtained by initial value approach. The preferred wave has a wavelength of 2750 km, an e-folding time of 4.3 days, a period of 6.5 days and an eastward phase speed of 4.9 ms^–1. Structure of preferred wave is found to be in good agreement with the observed horizontal structure of the depression at 700 mb. Poleward momentum transports are found to predominate over equatorward transports.Parts of this paper were presented at the National Symposium on Early Results of MONEX-1979. 9–12 March 1981, in New Delhi, India.     

川西坳陷丰谷构造上三叠统须家河组四段致密砂岩储层特征

据丰谷地区须家河组的地表剖面、岩心和薄片、测井曲线及常规物性测试资料等的观察、对比分析,认为川西坳陷中段的丰谷地区上三叠统须家河组四段砂岩普遍具有低孔低渗、致密化强、超高压、岩性变化快、非均质性强等特点,但局部仍发育有孔渗性相对较好的层段.根据沉积作用及沉积相、成岩作用类型、构造作用方面来探讨丰谷地区须四段储层的特征及...     

泌阳凹陷核桃园组微量元素演化特征及其古气候意义

泌阳凹陷下第三系核桃园组总体上表现为一个大的湖退体系，而其中的微量元素含量及有关元素比值却呈现出细微而明显的旋回变化特征。本文依据泥岩、页岩和碳酸盐岩中Ｔｉ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ等十六种微量元素含量及Ｓｒ/Ｂａ、Ｆｅ/Ｍｎ、Ｓｒ/Ｃｕ等七种比值的变化特征，结合古盐度及岩相资料，对核桃园组沉积时的古气候作了系统的研究，基本上分出了温暖潮湿、干湿交替、炎热干旱、温热半干旱四类较为特征的古气候类型，以期为油气勘探提供依据。     

近48a台北市气温的小波分析

利用Morlet小波分析了1961—2008年台北市年平均气温序列的小波变化特征,揭示了气温变化的多时间尺度结构,结果表明:台北市年平均气温存在多时间尺度的周期变化特征,有3个明显的特征时间尺度,分别是4 a、6-8 a和14-16 a;除14-16 a的时间尺度在整个研究时段都很明显外,其他尺度的周期阶段性都较强;以14-16 a的特征时间尺度为主周期;台北市的气温变化还表现出突变的特点;近48 a来,台北市年平均气温的气候倾向率为0.3℃/10 a,气温升高的趋势十分明显;未来2年气温在总趋势上升的前提下将处在一个偏冷期。     

Structural architecture of Neoproterozoic rifting depression groups in the Tarim Basin and their formation dynamics

The Tarim Basin is the largest, oil-bearing, superimposed basin in the northwest of China. The evolution and tectonic properties of the initial Tarim Basin have been hotly disputed and remain enigmatic. The Neoproterozoic basin is covered by a vast desert and a huge-thickness of sedimentary strata, has experienced multiple tectonic movements, had a low signal to noise ratios(SNRs) of deep seismic reflection data, all of which have posed critical obstacles to research. We analysed four field outcrops, 18 wells distributed throughout the basin, 27 reprocessed seismic reflection profiles with higher SNRs across the basin and many ancillary local 2D and 3D profiles and aeromagnetic data. We found about 20 normal fault-controlled rifting depressions of the Cryogenian and Ediacaran scattered throughout the basin, which developed on the Precambrian metamorphic and crystalline basement. The structural framework is clearly different from that of the overlying Phanerozoic. The rifting depressions consist of mainly half grabens, symmetrical troughs and horst-grabens. From the northeast to southwest of the basin,they are divided into three rifting depression groups with the WNW, ENE, and NW-trends that are mainly controlled by normal faults. The maximum thicknesses of the strata are up to 4100 m. From the Cryogenian to Ediacaran, most of the main inherited faults to active and eventually ceased at the end of the Ediacaran or Early Cambrian, while subsidence centres appeared and migrated eastward along the faults. They revealed that the different parts of the Tarim continental block were in NNE-SSWoriented and NNW-SSE-oriented extensional paleo-stress fields(relative to the present) during the Neoproterozoic, and were accompanied by clockwise shearing. According to the analysis of the activities of syn-sedimentary faults, filling sediments,magmatic events, and coordination with aeromagnetic anomalies, the tectonic properties of the fault depressions are different and are primarily continental rifts or intra-continental fault-controlled basins. The rifting phases mainly occurred from 0.8–0.61 Ga.The formation of the rifting depression was associated with the initial opening of the South Altun-West Kunlun Ocean and the South Tianshan Ocean, which were located at the northern and southern margins of the Tarim Block, respectively, in response to the break-up of the Supercontinent Rodinia and the initial opening of the Proto-Tethys Ocean.     

珠江口盆地白云凹陷晚渐新统-早中新统沉积特征及演化规律

以珠江口盆地白云凹陷钻井、测井、地震和古生物资料为基础,结合前人研究成果,系统的分析了白云凹陷晚渐新统到早中新统沉积相发育特征及凹陷沉积充填演化过程。研究结果表明,珠海组下部发育大型陆架边缘三角洲沉积,地震反射特征表明该三角洲发育三期;钻遇水下分支河道、支流间湾、河口坝及远砂坝微相,沉积物以富砂为特征,发育冲刷-充填构造、递变层理及较粗的水平潜穴等多种构造;珠海组上部为浅海相,沉积物以海相砂泥岩互层为主,此时期陆架坡折带位于白云凹陷南坡;珠江组沉积时期,海平面升降旋回频繁,陆架坡折带迁至凹陷北坡。随着古珠江流域扩大,沉积物输入量增加,在珠江组下部发育了深水扇,沉积物以细-粗砂岩为主,夹少量粉砂岩及深海泥岩,发育颗粒流、液化流、浊流及碎屑流等四种主要的重力流,钻遇内扇水道,中扇废弃水道及水道间漫溢沉积,外扇深海泥沉积;珠江组上部为半深海相,沉积物以深海泥岩为主。     

封闭系统中的白云石化作用过程及其油气地质意义——以南羌塘拗陷中侏罗统布曲组白云岩为例

南羌塘拗陷中侏罗统布曲组结晶白云岩作为盆地最优质的储层是通过埋藏成岩过程中封闭条件下的白云石化作用形成的,岩石所具有的高孔隙度与封闭系统中白云石化反应有关。根据对羌资11井和羌资12井布曲组的岩石结构分类、碳氧同位素组成及温度计算、流体包裹体均一温度等分析结果,可以认为：结晶白云岩碳同位素值分布区间较窄（2. 86‰~4. 27‰）,氧同位素值随着白云石晶体变粗（自形程度变差）逐渐偏负（-3. 27‰~-8. 17‰）,显著低于保留原始组构的白云岩,表明结晶白云岩碳源来自于先驱灰岩中的碳,其白云石化作用应是在远离大气水的封闭成岩环境中进行;结晶白云岩流体包裹体均一温度主峰值区间为90~140 ℃,且随着白云石晶粒变粗（自形程度变差）,均一温度呈升高的趋势,与氧同位素计算温度变化趋势一致,表明白云石化作用过程是在封闭的条件下进行,白云石随地热增温而生长,并非受外来流体的影响。开放系统中的白云石化作用对油气储集空间的形成没有实际意义,而埋藏成岩过程中封闭系统的白云石化是形成南羌塘拗陷优质储层最为重要的成岩机制。     

塔里木盆地满加尔凹陷沉积环境及成盐成钾分析

满加尔凹陷是我国石炭纪主要的的成盐区。在满加尔凹陷内通过收集石油部门地质勘探资料,综合分析了13个钻井资料,发现了膏盐岩层,厚16.5～221m,产状平缓,分布比较稳定。通过对其沉积环境和成矿机理分析,认为满加尔凹陷成盐条件优越,物源丰富,成盐地层为石炭系下统,具有含盐系厚度大、面积广、埋深大、保存条件较好、构造相对稳定等特点,具有成盐成钾的的各种条件,找矿潜力大。     

基于双差定位法的鄂尔多斯块体西北缘地震精定位研究

针对鄂尔多斯块体西北缘地震活动的复杂性及目前台网定位方法存在偏差的问题,采用双差定位法对2009—2019年发生在鄂尔多斯块体西北缘的地震事件进行重新定位.经研究表明,双差定位之后地震分布更集中,鄂尔多斯块体西缘的地震沿银川吉兰泰断陷带分布,北缘的地震沿河套断陷带分布,地震定位精度明显提高,这与块体周缘复杂的地质构造背...