Mesozoic collision-related magmatism and crust–mantle interaction along the Anhui segment of the Yangtze River Valley,east-central China

The middle segment of the Yangtze River Deep Fault Belt, located in the foreland of the Dabie orogen, contains widely exposed volcanic–intrusive complexes that formed during two episodes of magmatism (post-collisional and post-orogenic), reflecting crust–mantle interactions during the Late Jurassic (J₃) to Early Cretaceous (K₁). This article summarizes research on the Mesozoic igneous suites and xenolith suites in the area along the Yangtze River. ‘Post-collisional magmatism’ occurred during lithospheric extension at ～145–130 Ma. Its beginning and end are marked by gabbroic xenoliths and pyroxene cumulates within intrusions at Tongling, and by alkali-rich magmatic rocks. The association includes peraluminous silicic rocks and metaluminous mafic–felsic igneous suites, ranging from medium-K to high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic compositions. Taking the Tongling region as an example, quartz monzodiorite yields a sensitive high resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) zircon U–Pb age of 139.5 ± 2.9 Ma, and granodiorite yields an age of 135.5 ± 4.4 Ma. These intrusive rocks contain 52.79–66.46 wt.% SiO₂, 13.12–17.73 wt.% Al₂O₃, 1.37–4.62 wt.% MgO, 3.86–6.84 wt.% FeO^T, and 4.71–7.87 wt.% total alkalis (Na₂O?+?K₂O). ACNK values range from 0.62 to 1.20, and ANK values from 1.45 to 3.48. ‘Post-orogenic magmatism’ occurred during lithospheric delamination at ～130–120 Ma. The start of magmatism was marked by the formation of gabbro containing spinel lherzolite xenoliths in the Nanjing–Wuhu Basin (NWB), and its end was marked by the generation of feldspathoid phenocryst-bearing phonolite in the NWB and the Lujiang–Zongyang Basin (LZB), respectively. The association that formed during this episode ranges from alkaline to peralkaline. Taking the Niangniangshan Formation in the NWB as an example, the Nosite phonolite yields a whole-rock monomineral Rb–Sr isochron age of 120 ± 9 Ma, and contains 49.92–60.09 wt.% SiO₂, 17.67–20.65 wt.% Al₂O₃, 0.08–2.45 wt.% MgO, 1.32–6.62 wt.% FeO^T, and 9.24–13.92 wt.% total alkalis (Na₂O?+?K₂O). ACNK values range from 0.72 to 1.24, and ANK values from 1.03 to 1.35.

The two magmatisms correspond to two episodes of crust–mantle interaction. The first involved intensive interaction between middle–lower crust and underplated basaltic magma derived from the upper mantle lithosphere, whereas the second involved minor interaction between the middle–lower crust and basaltic magma derived from the lower lithospheric mantle.     

华北克拉通~2.5Ga地壳再造事件：来自中条山TTG质片麻岩的证据

华北克拉通中部中条山区涑水杂岩是华北克拉通新太古代TTG质片麻岩地体之一。为了探讨华北克拉通新太古代构造-岩浆事件的性质及早前寒武纪地壳的形成和演化,选择涑水杂岩中TTG质岩石进行研究。研究表明这套TTG质岩石富Na、高Al、Sr,低Y、Cr、Ni含量。稀土元素配分曲线右倾,富Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素,强烈亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,这套TTG质片麻岩形成于2553～2561Ma,属新太古代晚期产物。锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析结果显示εHf(t)为正值,两阶段模式年龄集中在2.7～2.8Ga。结合涑水杂岩中TTG质片麻岩的岩石地球化学特征,认为这套TTG片麻岩可能主要来自2.7～2.8Ga的下地壳镁铁质岩石在新太古代晚期的部分熔融,可能有少量的地幔物质加入。考虑同期发育大量花岗质岩石的事实,说明新太古代晚期在华北克拉通中部并不存在大规模的俯冲作用,华北克拉通在新太古代晚期已经基本成型。结合前人研究成果和本文锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析结果,提出中条山区～2.5Ga岩浆事件代表一期重要的陆壳再造事件。     

塔里木盆地东南缘阿克塔什塔格地区新太古代陆壳增生:米兰岩群和TTG片麻岩的地球化学及年代学约束

塔里木盆地东南缘的阿克塔什塔格地区,保存有较为完好的早前寒武纪基底变质岩——阿克塔什塔格杂岩,主要由米兰岩群、新太古代TTG花岗片麻岩和侵入其中的各类古元古代花岗片麻岩构成。其中米兰岩群和TTG片麻岩发育塑性流变褶皱和高角闪岩相-麻粒岩相变质,具有强烈的混合岩化,并遭受后期的角闪岩相变质改造。米兰岩群中的长英质片麻岩和TTG岩系的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄分别为(2 567±32)Ma和(2 592±15)Ma,二者普遍低Si高Al、富Na贫K、富Sr贫Mg、富集LILE和LREE,亏损HSFE和HREE、轻重稀土分馏强烈、Eu异常不明显,具有类似于埃达克岩的岩石地球化学特征,表明它们形成于俯冲带的岛弧环境,为岛弧玄武岩俯冲至下地壳部分熔融的产物,指示了塔里木盆地东南缘新太古代晚期古老克拉通的大陆地壳水平增生。在此基础上,文章还探讨了塔里木盆地周缘早前寒武纪基底岩系的年代格架问题,认为塔里木盆地具有统一的早前寒武纪变质基底。     

变质玄武岩体系相平衡及矿物 熔体微量元素分配：限定TTG/埃达克岩形成条件和大陆壳生长模型

埃达克质岩石是高Na、Al和Sr、低Y和HREE以及Nb、Ta亏损的钠质花岗质岩石,奥长花岗岩-英云闪长岩-花岗闪长岩(TTG)是早期(太古宙)大陆壳主要组分,成分与埃达克质岩石相似,这些成分独特的岩石总体上认为是俯冲洋壳、下地壳和拆沉的下地壳中变质玄武岩部分熔融的产物。文中综述我们近年来在变质玄武岩体系相平衡和矿物-熔体微量元素分配实验研究成果:相平衡实验和熔体微量元素特征研究表明,变质玄武岩部分熔融过程中金红石是导致TTG/埃达克岩浆Nb、Ta亏损的必要残留矿物,从而否定了前人“TTG由无金红石的角闪岩熔融产生”的观点;证实金红石仅仅在压力1.5GPa以上才能稳定存在,从而限定TTG/埃达克岩熔体必定产生在大约50km以上,表明TTG/埃达克岩是在相对较深的含金红石榴辉岩相条件下熔融产生的。矿物(石榴子石、角闪石,单斜辉石和金红石)-熔体微量元素分配系数测定和部分熔融模拟结果进一步限定俯冲洋壳和下地壳起源的TTG/埃达克岩浆由含金红石角闪榴辉岩熔融产生,而拆沉下地壳起源的埃达克岩浆的产生要求软流圈地幔高温,由无水或含有少量含水矿物的榴辉岩熔融产生。     

密云地体铁矿成矿规律及找矿方向研究

应用地体构造理论 ,对密云地体含铁建造特征及构造对铁矿体的控制规律进行了研究。认为表壳岩为原始含矿围岩,ＴＴＧ杂岩破坏了原含矿岩系的连续性,使表壳呈残体漂浮或呈包体形式被包裹在ＴＴＧ杂岩中。矿体的赋存状态主要受两期共轴迭加褶皱构造和韧脆性关照切断裂复合控制。     

豫西宜阳地区TTG质片麻岩锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素地质学

本文报道对华北地块南缘、豫西宜阳穆册TTG质片麻岩的地球化学、锆石U-Pb定年及Hf同位素研究.宜阳穆册TTC质片麻岩SiO2含量为59～73%,Al2O3＞15%、CaO、MgO、Al2O3、TiO2、Na2O/K2O与SiO2的含量呈负相关,表明在岩浆演化中有镁铁矿物和斜长石的分离,岩浆成分随着分异而富钾.P2O5与SiO2含量呈正相关,反映出磷灰石的分离.轻重稀土分异明显（（La/Yb）N=9～23）;重稀土相对于轻稀土轻度分异;无明显的Eu异常（Eu＊=0.95～1.07）.岩石富Rb、Sr、Ba、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素.低Y（13.25～25.27 μg/g）和Yb（1.27～1.98 μg/g）;高Sr（507.14～606.85 μg/g）及Sr/Y（34.15～39.97）,上述地球化学特征一致表明,研究区片麻岩为一套高铝的TTG质岩石.这套片麻岩可能是在角闪岩相条件下部分熔融的产物.利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法测得TTG质片麻岩的年龄为2.3 Ga.片麻岩中的锆石大部分具负εHf（t）值（最高达-4.95）,揭示其源区可能主要为古老陆壳物质;部分锆石的εHf（t）为正值,说明在其形成过程中有一定比例的亏损地幔物质的加入.宜阳TTG质片麻岩的Hf同位素数据表明,其两阶段模式年龄主要2.57～3.01 Ga之间,平均值为2.82 Ga,所以说穆册灰色片麻的源区可能存在年龄为2.8 Ga左右（或更老）的地壳物质,说明代表该区基底的太华杂岩形成时代可能为2.8Ga（或更老）.虽然华北地块陆壳最主要的增生时代被认为发生在2500 Ma,但宜阳TTG质片麻岩的研究结果和其他研究者的研究成果都说明华北地块大陆地壳在古元古代早期仍然存在相当规模的陆壳增生.     

内蒙古武川西乌兰不浪高级区岩石及其形成环境

西乌兰不浪高级变质的兴和岩群是1:5万、1:25万区域地质调查时从海西期岩体和五台群中重新厘定出来的地质体.通过野外宏观地质特征、岩石化学、地球化学等综合分析,认为西乌兰不浪地区高级区岩石不只是由表壳岩组成,还有大量的TTG岩系、紫苏花岗岩、脉岩和岩墙,它们是不同构造环境、不同时代的构造拼合体.其中表壳岩称为兴和岩群,为一套火山-沉积岩系,形成于活动大陆边缘.     

华北地台早古生代沉积建造及台地演化

本文根据大量的野外实际资料和实验室的研究工作,运用沉积建造学的基本理论和方法,对华北早古生代的沉积建造类型和沉积特征进行了阐述。根据岩石的共生组合关系划分出八种沉积建造类型,二大类沉积建造系列;在台地的内部和边缘可以识别出二种不同类型的地层格架和几何形态;华北早古生代的演化历史可划分出4个发展阶段,它不仅概括了研究区的沉积历史和构造历史,而且在理论上指导了有关的研究工作。     

Rhyacian-Orosirian tectonic history of the Juiz de Fora Complex: Evidence for an Archean crustal reservoir within an island-arc system

The southern São Francisco Paleocontinent (SFP) comprises Archean nuclei and Paleoproterozoic complexes encompassing magmatic arcs juxtaposed during a Rhyacian to Orosirian orogenic event. The Juiz de Fora Complex (JFC) represents an imbricated thrust system that comprises orthogranulites with a wide compositional range formed in an intra-oceanic setting during the Siderian to the Orosirian and later accreted to the southeastern margin of the SFP. Here we report new petrological, geochemical, whole-rock Nd and Sr data, as well as zircon U–Pb ages from felsic and mafic orthogranulites from the JFC. The new data is combined with a regional compilation that enables an evaluation of the interaction between magmatism and orogenetic episodes in the context of the consolidation of São Francisco Paleocontinent during the Rhyacian–Orosirian. Pre collisional Island Arc tholeiites (IAT), Tonalites-Trondhjemites-Granodiorites (TTGs) and sanukitoid magmatism occurred from 2200 Ma to 2085 Ma. This was followed by post-collisional magmatism, which is represented by hybrid granitoids coeval with the emplacement of E-MORB basic rocks. Crustal signatures for the Rhyacian to Orosirian evolution are highlighted by the dominance of negative ε_Nd(t) associated with Meso- to Neoarchean Nd T_DM model ages as well as inherited zircon grains from the hybrid granitoids. The JFC is extensively highlighted in the literature as a primitive intra-oceanic arc, but here we propose the reworking or recycling of ancient crustal segments within the mature arc stage of the JFC, suggesting a Mesoarchean crustal source involved in the JFC evolution.     

The Northern Cordilleran Mid-Cretaceous Plutonic Province: Ilmenite/Magnetite-series Granitoids and Intrusion-related Mineralisation

Abstract. Twenty-five Early and mid-Cretaceous (145–90 Ma) plutonic suites and belts are defined across Alaska and Yukon, in the northern North American Cordillera, on the basis of lithological, geochemical, isotopic, and geochronometric similarities. These features are combined with aeromagnetic characteristics, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and whole-rock ferric: ferrous ratios to ascertain the distribution of magnetite- and ilmenite-series plutonic belts. Magnetite-series plutonic belts are dominantly associated with the older parts of the plutonic episode and comprise subduction-generated metaluminous plutons that are distributed preferentially in the more seaward localities dominated by primitive tectonic elements. Ilmenite-series plutonic belts comprise slightly younger, slightly peraluminous plutons in more landward localities in pericratonic to continental margin settings. They were likely initiated in response to crustal thickening following terrane collision. The youngest plutonic belt forms a small, but significant, magnetite-series belts in the farthest inboard position, associated with alkalic plutons that were emplaced during weak extension.
Intrusion-related metallogenic provinces with distinctive metal associations are distributed, largely in accord with classical redox-sensitive granite-series. Copper, Au, and Fe mineralisation are associated with magnetite-series plutons and tungsten mineralisation associated with ilmenite-series plutons. However, there are some notable deviations from expected associations, as intrusion-related Ag-Pb-Zn deposits are few, and significant tin mineralisation is rare. Most significantly, many gold deposits and occurrences are associated with ilmenite-series plutons: these form the basis for the newly recognized reduced intrusion-related gold deposit model.