利用卫星测高资料反演中国近海海洋重力

本文利用Topex/Poseidon卫星测高资料,从快速Hartley变换(FHT)基本概念入手,给出了Hotine公式在平面近似、球面近似、Molodenskii近似下,反演中国近海海洋重力的数学模型。另对FHT处理中所需的坐标转换以及边缘效应等问题进行了讨论。同时,为了改善长波特性的重力场信息,引入了M阶次的OSU91A参考重力场对上述Molodenskii模型进行了改化。     

Automatic search of geospatial features for disaster and emergency management

Although the fast development of OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) WFS (Web Feature Service) technologies has undoubtedly improved the sharing and synchronization of feature-level geospatial information across diverse resources, literature shows that there are still apparent limitations in the current implementation of OGC WFSs. Currently, the implementation of OGC WFSs only emphasizes syntactic data interoperability via standard interfaces and cannot resolve semantic heterogeneity problems in geospatial data sharing. To help emergency responders and disaster managers find new ways of efficiently searching for needed geospatial information at the feature level, this paper aims to propose a framework for automatic search of geospatial features using Geospatial Semantic Web technologies and natural language interfaces. We focus on two major tasks: (1) intelligent geospatial feature retrieval using Geospatial Semantic Web technologies; (2) a natural language interface to a geospatial knowledge base and web feature services over the Semantic Web. Based on the proposed framework we implemented a prototype. Results show that it is practical to directly discover desirable geospatial features from multiple semantically heterogeneous sources using Geospatial Semantic Web technologies and natural language interfaces.     

影像导航中的数据组织与索引

分析了传统的影像管理技术在影像导航系统中使用的一些不足,提出了适合于影像导航系统的管理技术,并利用Visual Studio平台对其进行了实现。试验表明,此技术可以明显提高效率。     

综合纹理与光谱的土地利用模糊分类

针对利用TM影像进行土地利用传统分类精度不高的问题,该文提出了一种综合应用影像纹理与光谱特征对TM影像进行土地利用模糊分类的方法。采用主成分分析法对研究流域TM影像的光谱及纹理特征信息进行压缩与融合,并对融合后的TM影像数据进行3个组别的多尺度分割,在影像分割对象单元的基础上应用面向对象的模糊逻辑隶属度函数法实现影像的软语义分类。相对传统分类方法而言,该方法在充分利用影像光谱信息的基础上综合了影像的纹理信息,且分类理论思想更加符合人们对于客观事物的认知规律,分类精度有了显著的提高,为TM影像分类方法的改进提供一定的参考。     

我国森林植被遥感调查及建库研究

我国森林植被的覆盖程度受到土壤、气候、海拔、人为等各种因素的互相影响,为了能够遵循＂适地适树＂原则而更加精确在不同地区栽种适宜的树种从而提高我国森林覆被率,利用遥感技术对全国森林植被及其所生长的条件进行调查是重中之重。本文以全国范围为研究区域,利用MODIS数据对土壤、植被及气候数据进行提取,引入梯形网格,对全国进行等经纬度的网格划分,利用ArcGIS,ENVI等软件绘出我国土壤类型、N、P元素及有机质含量、年降雨量、年最高温度及最低温度的温度等值线,再利用数据挖掘技术提取与森林植被覆盖率相关的影响因子得出我国现阶段森林植被覆盖图,计算出我国现有林地面积并对影响森林植被覆盖的因子进行数据库的录入。     

A data mining approach for evaluation of optimal time-series of MODIS data for land cover mapping at a regional level

Optical Earth Observation data with moderate spatial resolutions, typically MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), are of particular value to environmental applications due to their high temporal and spectral resolutions. Time-series of MODIS data capture dynamic phenomena of vegetation and its environment, and are considered as one of the most effective data sources for land cover mapping at a regional and national level. However, the time-series, multiple bands and their derivations such as NDVI constitute a large volume of data that poses a significant challenge for automated mapping of land cover while optimally utilizing the information it contains. In this study, time-series of 10-day cloud-free MODIS composites and its derivatives – NDVI and vegetation phenology information, are fully assessed to determine the optimal data sets for deriving land cover. Three groups of variable combinations of MODIS spectral information and its derived metrics are thoroughly explored to identify the optimal combinations for land cover identification using a data mining tool.The results, based on the assessment using time-series of MODIS data, show that in general using a longer time period of the time-series data and more spectral bands could lead to more accurate land cover identification than that of a shorter period of the time-series and fewer bands. However, we reveal that, with some optimal variable combinations of few bands and a shorter period of time-series data, the highest possible accuracy of land cover classification can be achieved.     

Landsat TM/ETM+与HJ-1A/B CCD数据自动相对辐射处理及精度验证

全球地表覆盖遥感制图与关键技术研究项目要求对两个基准年度(2000年,2010年)的全球覆盖30 m分辨率遥感数据进行辐射处理,转换到地表反射率,数据以Landsat TM/ETM+为主,HJ-1A/B CCD数据为补充。海量数据中有些不适宜进行绝对大气校正,为了保证全球覆盖,对这些数据设计开发了一套自动的相对辐射处理及精度验证流程算法,利用相邻数据重叠区域进行相对辐射校正的方式,将数据由Oigital Number(DN)值直接转换为地表反射率,精度验证以MODIS地表反射率产品MOD09GA作为参考,比较对应波段数据的相对一致性,算法采用了图像分块处理技术及OpenMP加速技术提高效率,实际应用结果表明该算法流程可以满足项目对辐射处理精度、速度及自动化程度的要求。     

TS30／TM30测量机器人变形监测系统研究

针对Leica新型Ts30／TM30系列测量机器人开发了变形监测系统,该系统由内置软件和后处理软件组成,内置软件能够完成控制网自动化观测、变形点自动化观测和持续变形观测等任务,后处理软件能够利用网络远程获取测量数据,具有监测数据的管理、处理及输出等功能。经过实验测试,系统具有结构简单、多用途的特点,有良好的应用前景。     

基于Bernese软件对卫星定轨实时计算

利用GPS广播星历计算卫星坐标是GPS实时定位中的重要部分,卫星轨道精度对GPS定位结果有很大影响。依据Bernese卫星定轨流程,利用Fortran语言实现了卫星轨道处理程序,并通过实例对计算得到的卫星轨道坐标与Bernese5.0软件处理的广播星历和精密星历得到结果进行比较分析,误差均小于±2.5m,程序定位效果良好,证实了自编程序的可行性。     

基于.Net的影像数据获取方法的研究

总结了在.Net平台下开发影像数据下载程序的方法,采用多线程机制实现,支持断点续传,具有良好的可扩展性。分析了程序开发的流程和开发过程中的关键技术。