EVOLUTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HYPER－CONCENTRATED FLOW IN BRAIDED CHANNEL OF THE YELLOW RIVER

ＥＶＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＡＬＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＯＦＨＹＰＥＲ－ＣＯＮＣＥＮＴＲＡＴＥＤＦＬＯＷＩＮＢＲＡＩＤＥＤＣＨＡＮＮＥＬＯＦＴＨＥＹＥＬＬＯＷＲＩＶＥＲ￥ＱＩＰｕ；ＬＩＷｅｎｘｕｅ（Ｓｅｎｉｏｒｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒ，ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＨｙ...     

地震构造活动的模拟试验

本在活动构造考察及研究的基础上，采用先进的精密仪器仪表，在模拟试验中自控制监测构造活动情况，深入研究地震前后的断裂运行特征及其与地震的关系，这对圈定地震危险区和判定可能发生强震的破裂段，为国民经济建设提供可靠的依据，对逐步实现地震预报，最大限度地减轻地震灾害，均具有重要实际的意义     

钱塘江江心排污的数值模拟

从立面二维非恒定流体动力学方程出发,应用κ-ε湍流模式计算流场,再用准三维的浓度对流-扩散方程,即考虑了侧向扩散的立面二维浓度控制方程,模拟了钱塘江江心6个竖管排污在潮流作用下近区浓度场,其结果和实际观测值基本吻合。     

TRANSPORT OF THE SUSPENDED SEDIMENT IN THE CHANGJIANG ESTUARY

The Changjiang River is characterized by the enormous volume of runoff and the great amount of sediment load with remarkable seasonal variation. The annual runoff sometimes is respondent to the amount of sediment load, and sometimes not. The amount of monthly sediment load after the month of the maximum runoff is larger than those before the month. The sediment concentration and net quantity of sediment transport in the vicinity of the river mouth varies greatly in time between the ebb and flood, spring and neap, and dry seasons and flood seasons. The three bifurcations also have differences in concentration and net quantity in space. Even in the same bifurcation they have differences in and out of the sand bar. At present, the North Channel is the main passage for water and sediment load emptying into the sea from the Changjiang River. More than 50 percent of the sediments from the river basin are deposited nearby the South Branch entrance and the main depositional area is situated in subaqueous delta off the South Channel. Between 122°30'E and 123°E is an important boundary for eastward sediment dispersion from which the suspended sediment are dispersed towards the east by south.     

The influence of stiffness of the true triaxial testing machine on the rupturing and acoustic emission of rocks and its correlation with seismic activities

This paper introduces how the ratioR of the characteristic stiffness of rock samplevs. the stiffness of testing machines would influence the rupturing process and the acoustic emission (AE) on the part of the tested rock samples. Result of the experiment shows: WhenR>0.20, the rock sample would rupture abruptly; whereas whenR<0.20, the rock samples would rupture slowly. When the samples rupture abruptly, the time-dependent variation of the AE rate takes such a pattern:peak value—stable low values—rises to the maximum value (concentration)—drops back to the minimum value (quiescence)—(rises again)—ruptures. Moreover, smallerR-value tends to be associated with longer quiescence and vice versa. WhenR>1.50, no pre-failure quiescence is detected. When the rock samples rupture slowly, the variation pattern of the AE rate (after the stress has increased to more than 50% of the rupturing stress) is as the following:stable low (or high) values—rises (or drops) to its maximum (or minimum) values and then continues for some time—ruptures. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,13, 223–233, 1991. This study is supported by the Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation.     

Tempos of Elderly Age and Geographical Concentration*

This paper presents a method to measure two types of tempos: 1) the tempo of elderly age concentration, the rate of change in the elderly proportion in a region; and 2) the tempo of elderly geographical concentration, the rate of change in a region's share of the national elderly population. The two measurements are applied to historical data for the United States. The results reveal that both tempos vary spatially and temporally. Relative tempos are also introduced to compare the indices between different age groups and regions.     

等离子体发射光谱法分析毒砂单矿物

研究了大孔膦酸树脂对毒砂中主、次和痕量元素的吸附行为及洗脱条件,结合巯基棉和TBP柱分离技术,建立了两个分离流程。在J-A1160型多道直读光谱仪上实现了毒砂单矿物中包括主量元素Fe和As在内的20个元素测定。主量元素As和Fe的相对标准偏差(n为5～10)分别为1.03％和0.9％,其它元素在5％～11％范围。流程经实际试样分析验证,结果与化学法相符。     

二苯硫脲－甲基异丁酮泡塑富集液珠萃取比色法测定化探样品中的金银

在１０％ＨＣＩ介质中，采用二苯硫脲（ＤＰＴＵ）－甲基异丁酮（ＭＩＢＫ）泡沫塑料富集，以金试剂液珠萃取比色法测定了化探样品中的Ａｕ和Ａｇ。方法的检出限：Ａｕ０．５×１０￣－９；Ａｓ５×１０￣－９（１０ｇ称样）。利用此方法制备了“野外快速分析箱”，可在野外简陋条件下进行现场测定。     

赣北主要内生金矿床的形成条件

赣北地区的金矿床,可分为含金韧性剪切带型、硅化破碎带型、隐爆角砾岩型和微细粒浸染型等4个类型,其原始成矿物质来源于上地幔,通过火山喷发—沉积作用,形成含金沉积建造和含金火山岩建造.钠、钾质两个系列的花岗质岩石都可以形成金矿床.矿化富集主要通过韧、脆性变形和岩浆隐蔽爆破,产生多次破碎,多期蚀变矿化.在中—低温热液阶段,含矿热液体系的HS~-、Cl~-离子减少,还原介质增加的条件下沉淀富集,形成不同类型的金矿床.     

民房震害预测专家评定统计模型的探讨

本文针对专家评定意见有一定伸缩性的特点,将专家意见表示为评定论域上的模糊子集,利用可能性相加原理,对专家意见进行了统计分析,得出综合性的意见。结果表明,利用伸缩性提供的丰富信息,可以较好地总结专家意见。基于几种模型的仿真可靠性分析结果,本文推荐可靠性最高的模型作为城市平房震害预测统计手段。