中国东部大陆岩石地球化学图揭示的信息

根据中国东部各省(区、市)区域地质志、1∶50万地质图和中国东部地壳与岩石元素丰度研究成果首次编制的中国东部60种元素的岩石地球化学图,基本反映了与特定岩性有关的区域岩石地球化学元素含量分布特征和与大地构造单元有关的区域地球化学元素含量分布特征,直观表达了中国东部空间地理上元素背景含量的宏观分布与变化,以及不同大地构造单元元素背景含量的变化趋势。这一成果为勘查地球化学、环境地球化学,特别是区域化探扫面水系沉积物资料的定量解释提供了基本依据,为基础地质、大地构造、区域成矿研究提供了重要资料,也为地球化学块体理论及其形成机制的研究提供了强有力的支持。     

Probabilistic landslide susceptibility mapping in the Lai Chau province of Vietnam: focus on the relationship between tectonic fractures and landslides

This study evaluates the susceptibility of landslides in the Lai Chau province of Vietnam using Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing data to focus on the relationship between tectonic fractures and landslides. Landslide locations were identified from aerial photographs and field surveys. Topographic, geological data and satellite images were collected, processed, and constructed into a spatial database using GIS data and image-processing techniques. A scheme of the tectonic fracturing of crust in the Lai Chau region was established. Lai Chau was identified as a region with many crustal fractures, where the grade of tectonic fracture is closely related to landslide occurrence. The influencing factors of landslide occurrence were: distance from a tectonic fracture, slope, aspect, curvature, soil, and vegetative land cover. Landslide prone areas were analyzed and mapped using the landslide occurrence factors employing the probability–frequency ratio model. The results of the analysis were verified using landslide location data and showed 83.47% prediction accuracy. That emphasized a strong relationship between the susceptibility map and the existing landslide location data. The results of this study can form a basis stable development and land use planning for the region.     

GIS-based detachment susceptibility analyses of a cut slope in limestone, Ankara—Turkey

Due to the rapidly growing population of the city of Ankara (Turkey) and increased traffic congestion, it has become necessary to widen the Ankara-Eskişehir (E-90) highway connecting the newly built areas west of the city to the city center. During widening, several cut slopes were formed along the highway route. As a result, some instability problems (small-sized rock falls/sliding, sloughing, raveling) produced detachment zones along a cut slope in highly jointed, folded and sheared limestone, causing local degradation of the cut slope. Identification of the areas that are likely to detach from the cut slope in the future is considered to be very important for the application of remedial measures. For this purpose, the relationships between the existing detachment zones and various parameters (e.g., point load strength index, weathering, block size, daylighting, shear zone) were investigated using GIS-based statistical detachment susceptibility analyses in order to predict the further aerial extension of the detachment zones with time. During the overlay analyses, statistical index and weighting factor methods were used. The outcomes of the analyses were compared and evaluated with the field observations to check the reliability of the methods and to assess the detachment zones that may develop in the future. The detachment susceptibility map without the block-size layer gives the best result and indicates some risky zones where detachments are likely to occur in the future. Recommendations on remedial measures of the cut slope should consider these risky zones.     

基于“一张图”平台的国土资源执法监察系统设计与研究

从土地执法监察管理的实际需求出发,探讨了基于"一张图"平台的国土资源执法监察系统建设方案,设计了土地执法监察系统结构和功能模块,并进一步给出了土地执法监察数据库建设和数据交换的技术方法。该系统方案的应用将有利于快速、准确地监控国土资源违法行为,强化对国土资源违法行为的监控能力,有效地提高了国土部门执法监察工作效率和执法水平。     

面向专题制图的网络平台设计与实现研究

针对当前Web3DGIS的专题制图中动态专题制图和主动专题制图的缺点,本文设计并实现了一个基于富客户端/服务器的Web3DGIS平台,并以此为基础,采用一种改进的主动专题制图方法,通过三级缓存机制、基于几何的矢量数据渲染等技术手段,有效地提高了GIS中专题地图的渲染效率及制图能力。     

“全息”地图研究初探

地图产品种类层出不穷,全息地图近年来成为焦点走进人们的视野。本文首先明确了与全息地图相近的三维地图和全景地图的概念;然后,简要阐述了传统的光学全息地图与新兴的全息位置地图的概念、原理以及几种地图产品的差别。在此基础上,分析了两种冠以"全息"二字地图的发展现状,并探讨了它们未来发展的主要方向。     

车载移动测量系统应用于城市大比例尺地形图更新

将车载移动测量系统与城市大比例尺数字地形图测图相结合,成功地将车载移动测量系统运用于城市大比例尺测图更新应用中。通过在测区内布设靶标控制点,对比靶标的点云量算坐标与全站仪实测实际坐标,统计分析车载移动测量系统的测图精度。实验结果表明,车载移动测量系统能够满足城市大比例尺地形图测图要求。     

兵棋地图概念模型研究

兵棋地图是对战场环境各要素及其对作战行动影响规律的客观描述,构建兵棋地图概念模型能够促使军事人员和技术人员建立对同一问题的统一认知。首先,分析了军事概念模型的基本概念及其形式化描述方法;其次,提出了战场环境仿真概念模型,据此构建了兵棋地图概念模型,并对概念模型中的两类元素和三种交互关系进行了讨论;最后,利用UML对兵棋地图概念模型进行了形式化描述。     

浅谈ADS100与ADS80航摄数据制作DOM的区别

随着摄影测量技术的发展,航摄影像的应用越来越广泛。本文针对目前应用较广泛的ADS80、ADS100相机在硬件组成、技术参数、利用像素工厂制作数字正射影像的区别进行了对比与分析,并探讨总结了生产正射影像过程中需要注意的问题,为今后的生产过程提供参考。