使用流体压差法建立根缘油气藏动态平衡

根缘油气藏(深盆油气藏) 是紧临源岩存在的烃类聚集, 是在高勘探程度下所发现的油气藏类型.由于它在成藏机理及存在方式上的特殊性, 常规意义上所采用的动力平衡方程不再适合于对其成藏平衡作用过程的分析.结合根缘油气藏地质特征及其演化特点, 采用对连续油气柱上升力的分解分析方法, 讨论了流体压差的平衡问题, 建立了位于源岩上部的根缘油气藏的动力平衡方程.      

Earthquake Swarms and Accompanying Phenomena in Intraplate Regions: A Review

The western part of the Bohemian Massif has played an exceptional role in recent geodynamic activity of the region. It is characterised by repeated occurrences of earthquake swarms and by other manifestations of deep tectonic processes (CO ₂ emissions, anomalous ³ He content, mineral waters, mofettes, etc.). The purpose of this paper is to introduce some other intraplate regions with earthquake swarm occurrence (French Massif Central; Colli Albani and Vulsini Mts., central Italy; Southern Apennines, Italy; the Danville and Long Valley regions, California; central Arkansas), and with artificially induced earthquake swarms (Larderello, Italy, geothermal field; Coso, California, geothermal field; NE Bavaria, Germany, deep drilling project). Although these areas represent different tectonic environments, the manifestations of recent geodynamic and/or man-made activity are similar in many aspects. This coincidence most probably issues from a common cause of both tectonic and artificially induced earthquake swarms – intrusions/injections of fluids. Since the regions with earthquake swarm occurrence of tectonic origin are situated as a rule in the close neighbourhood of Quaternary volcanoes, the intruding fluids seem to be derived from magma recently transported to upper crustal layers.     

Helium, Argon, and Xenon Isotopic Compositions of Ore-formingFluids in Jinding-Baiyangping Polymetallic Deposits,Yunnan, Southwest China

The Jinding superlarge lead and zinc deposit has attracted the attention of geologists of the world and its metallogenesis has long been in dispute. This paper takes the Jinding deposit and the Baiyangping Cu-Ag-Co deposit which was recently found at about 30 km north of Jinding as one ore belt, and, based on researches on the helium, argon, and xenon isotopic compositions of primary inclusions in ore-forming solutions of the main stage, the authors have found that the 3He/4He ratio of the ore-forming fluid is 2.7′ 10- 6 (varying from 0.19 to 1.97 Ra), the 4He/40Ar ratio (0.24- 3.12) is close to the mantle characteristic ratio, and the xenon isotopic composition and evolution show characters of the mantle xenon. The above results reveal the characteristics of mantle source and crust-mantle fluid mixing (mantle helium reaching 32%) and the metallogenic contributions of the deep processes in the Jinding-Baiyangping ore belt.     

福建行洛坑钨矿床白钨矿Sm-Nd等时线年龄及微量元素地球化学特征

行洛坑超大型钨矿床位于福建省宁化县东部,是武夷山成矿带内最大的钨矿床,具有储量大、品位低、黑钨矿与白钨矿资源量相近的特点。白钨矿作为含钨矿物,其形成年龄可以代表矿床的成矿时代,其地球化学特征反映了成矿作用环境和过程。文章在对行洛坑钨矿床钨矿脉特征、黑钨矿与白钨矿赋存状态开展调查的基础上,挑选白钨矿单矿物进行了Sm-Nd等时线测年和微量元素测试。研究结果显示,白钨矿结晶年龄为（142.6±2.8）Ma,略小于黑钨矿原位U-Pb年龄（150.5±8.1）Ma和石英流体包裹体Rb-Sr等时线年龄（147.5±2.9）Ma,与矿区隐伏岩体成岩年龄143.5~149.5 Ma在误差范围内完全吻合,也与矿物结晶世代关系吻合,都属于晚侏罗世的产物,说明钨成矿与隐伏岩体成岩近于同时或稍晚发生。白钨矿中微量及稀土元素特征显示第一世代成矿流体中Eu³⁺ < < Eu²⁺,指示成矿流体为还原性流体;第二世代成矿流体中Eu³⁺ > > Eu²⁺,指示成矿流体为氧化性流体。行洛坑钨矿成矿与华南中生代大规模成矿作用及其大地构造背景和动力学环境密切相关。     

华南花岗岩型铀矿床成矿机理研究进展

本文介绍了华南花岗岩型铀矿床地质特征,系统总结了前人对其成矿热液来源、物质来源,铀的迁移沉淀机制、碱交代及花岗岩与成矿的关系等方面的研究成果。指出铀源体中的晶质铀矿及富铀矿物在深部相对还原的环境中被氧化而进入成矿热液中起主要作用的可能是大量幔源F和放射性衰变诱发产生的氧及碱交代溶蚀作用,热液中的大部分U6 主要被S2-和Fe2 等还原剂在浅部相对氧化的环境中还原成矿;给出了一种较简易的物质来源定量方法和铀成矿模式。     

灰岩碳氧同位素特征与隐伏花岗岩的关系——以栗木水溪庙矿区为例

对栗木水溪庙矿区泥盆系上统融县组灰岩的碳氧同位素进行了研究,该地区灰岩的碳氧同位素组成可提供隐伏花岗岩隆起及其相关流体的重要信息。受隐伏花岗岩侵入驱动的流体与上覆融县组灰岩发生反应的温度在110℃左右,流体的初始同位素组成为δ18OSMOW=-3‰,δ13CPDB≤-7‰,反应的水岩比值（w/r）可能小于5。这种岩浆水与大气降水的混合流体与围岩之间的水岩反应使得地表灰岩的δ18O和δ13C值降低,产生负异常。研究表明,围岩的δ18O值降低受反应的水岩比值和温度控制;δ13C值降低主要与反应的水岩比值有关。反应的温度越高,w/r值越大,灰岩的碳氧同位素负异常越明显。因此,水溪庙矿区地表出露的碳酸盐地层中的碳氧同位素变化可在地球化学勘查中用于指示下伏花岗岩岩脊的隐伏位置。     

初论兰坪盆地构造流体与成矿作用的时空格架及可能的成矿模式

滇西兰坪盆地中新生代形成了丰富的金属与盐类矿床，是我国著名的热液矿床成矿带。成矿系统时─空结构的统一性是进行成矿规律研究和成矿预测的前提和指导思想，综合分析兰坪盆地的成矿时代、矿床的空间分布及区域地质背景，初步认为：晚白垩世至早第三纪，盆地西缘出现以铜为主的成矿作用；兰坪盆地主要成矿作用发生在早、晚第三纪期间，因盆地东、西部边界向两边地块的俯冲碰撞及中轴断裂带的强烈活动，导致盆地中央地带出现大规模成矿流体活动，成矿流体因物理化学性质的改变而发生分异、运移，及盆地受挤压隆升，变成山间盆地，出现不同类型、不同大小的流体圈闭，因而形成不同种类，不同规模的矿床；同时，含有挥发性组分汞、锑、砷的流体从深部沿中轴断裂带上升向两侧的次级构造裂隙带扩散，导致盆地东部复式背斜带中出现锑、汞、砷的成矿作用；其后，矿床受到改造和氧化作用。盆地内发育深大断裂；兰坪盆地的成矿作用是在构造流体演化的制约下完成的，同时成矿作用的发生改变了流体的性质和构造环境，促使流体的再次循环，出现成矿作用的多期性、分带性。     

Kübler Index and K-Ar Ages of Illite in the Yinshan Polymetallic Deposit, Jiangxi Province, South China: Analyses and Implications

Abstract. The Yinshan polymetallic deposit is a hydrothermal vein-type deposit closely related to Late Jurassic felsic-inter-mediate volcanic-subvolcanic activity in Jiangxi Province, South China. Illite is a major alteration mineral observed in the deposit. Our study shows that the Kübler index of the illite has a close relation to ore-forming fluids of different stages of hydrothermal alteration and mineralization. The early Pb-Zn-Ag mineralization dated at 130–136 Ma is characterized by relatively low water/rock ratios and diffusive fluid movement within phyllite, whereas the later Cu-Au-S mineralization at 122 -125 Ma was accompanied by higher water/rock ratios and localized fluid flow through fractures and channels. Illite formed in the early Pb-Zn-Ag mineralization stage contains swelling layers while the illite formed in the later Cu-Au-S mineralization stage has no swelling layers but was associated with intensive chloritization. The last stage of mineralization (at 104 Ma) was minor and did not produce significant amounts of illite.     

埋藏有机酸性流体对四川盆地东北部飞仙关组储层的溶蚀改造作用：溶解动力学实验研究

通过白云岩化鲕粒灰岩与0.1 mol/L乙酸的旋转盘溶解动力学实验,研究了深埋藏中有机质热演化过程中伴生的有机酸对鲕粒灰岩储层的改造作用机理.结果显示,白云岩化鲕粒灰岩溶解反应的速率在3.26×10-7～6.66×10-7 mol/(cm2·s)之间,并且溶蚀速率随温度和转速的增加而增大.反应前后样品表面的扫描电子显微...     

Evolution of Ore-Forming Fluids and Ag-Cu Polymetal Mineralization in the Lanping Basin, Yunnan

EVOLUTION OF ORE-FORMING FLUIDS AND Ag-Cu POLYMETAL MINERALIZATION IN THE LANPING BASIN, YUNNAN“KeyProjectforResourcesandEconomics” (95 0 2 0 0 1 0 1)oftheMinistryofLandResources