NIM-Ⅱ型可移激光绝对重力仪

中国第二代可移激光绝对重力仪（NIM-Ⅱ型）的实验装置于1985年研制成功。本文详细论述了仪器的多位置法原理及仪器结构;具体分析说明了仪器的光学系统,电子精密测时系统,数据处理系统;研究了一种处理地面微震干扰的新方法。参加1985年在法国巴黎举行的第二次国际绝对重力仪比对结果表明,该装置的测量结果不确定度为1.4x10^-7m/s²。国际比对后,仪器又做了进一步改进。经国内大面积测量应用的结果表明,该装置的不确定度可达1×10^-7m/s²。     

PET重力仪与CTS-1EF地震计地震波记录特征分析

收集苍梧M 5.2、九寨沟M 7.0和智利M 8.2地震期间琼中基准地震台PET重力仪和CTS-1EF地震计观测数据,对重力资料进行潮汐和零漂改正获得重力残差数据,并对地震计数据求导得到加速度值。对重力残差数据和地震计加速度数据波形及频谱曲线进行对比分析,认为2种观测仪器记录的地震波震相和频谱分析显示的地震波分布频率具有一致性,但九寨沟M 7.0地震和智利M 8.2地震的地震波频率分布存在差异。     

从Lacoste－Romberg重力仪零位移特性的分析论提高观测精度的途径

零位校正误差是重力仪除标定以外最主要的误差来源。本文根据作者数年来从事高精度重力勘探工作中所积累的资料，对此问题进行了较为全面客观的分析研究。（ｌ）对Ｌａｃｏｓｔｅ－Ｒｏｍｂｅｒｇ重力仪的正常零位变化和零位突变特性提出了分析结论；（２）对实测资料采用动、静分高处理方法，分析了重力仪连续工作时（数日至数十日）由于零位非线性变化可能引起的零位校正误差；（３）通过对实测资料的分析计算，得到了零位突变对重力仪观测精度影响的参考值；（４）针对重力仪使用中的实际问题提出了改善零位移线性度的实施对策。     

NIM-3型新的轻小高精度可移式绝对重力仪

本文介绍了我国自行研制的新的轻小型高精度可移式绝对重力仪NIM-3型的测量原理，采用的新技术方案和仪器结构的主要特点。同时文中给出用本仪器几个典型测量结果及其准确度优于±1×10~(-7)m/s~2（±10μgal）。     

Superconducting gravimeter observations without a tilt compensation system

This paper examines the possibility of using superconducting gravimeter (SG) observations without a tilt compensation system. SG data obtained at Syowa Station, Antarctica, were recorded without tilt compensation from April 5, 2001 to January 4, 2002, however, tilt signals were registered during this time period. A tilt correction was applied to gravity data from August 2, 2001 to January 4, 2002. After the tilt correction, errors of tidal parameters were dramatically reduced and tidal parameters themselves almost coincide with those from the same length of tilt-controlled gravity data recorded in 2000, when tilt compensation system was used. The noise level of the thermal leveler in the seismic band was also investigated. Averaged power spectra of gravity from 15 quiet days each in 2000 and 2001 recorded with and without the tilt compensation system, respectively, were compared. ‘Quiet’ in this case, means very low earthquake activity and calm wind conditions. No significant difference in the seismic band, except at the frequency of 2 mHz, was noticed. The difference at 2 mHz occurred because of room temperature variations caused by the water cooler, which cools down a compressor by automatically switching on and off.     

Detection of spheriodal free oscillation excited by Peru 8.2 M_s earthquake with five international superconducting gravimeter data

In this paper, authors obtain the spectral peaks of the earth free oscillation and check all normal modes from 0S0 to 0S48 accurately, with the Fourier analysis and the maximum entropy spectrum method dealing jointly with six groups of the observational residual data from five international superconducting gravimeter stations. By comparing the observational results in this paper with three former groups of observations or models, authors notice an extra discrepancy between two observational 0S2 modes excited separately by Peru earthquake and Alaska earthquake, which probably mirrors the anisotropy of the Earth's inner core. The analysis on the splitting 1S2 mode shows that the asymmetric factor of rotationwise spectral splitting is possible to be different from that of anti-rotationwise spectral splitting.     

水下重力测量技术进展

首先介绍了水下重力测量的概念,阐述了水下重力测量的必要性;然后简要概述了水下重力测量技术的发展历程,比较了现有的两种主流测量方案（ROV水下重力测量和AUV水下重力测量）的优缺点,重点介绍了国内外水下重力测量近期的技术进展,包括加州大学基于二级拖体ROV的水下近海底重力测量试验和东京大学的AUV水下动态重力测量系列试验;最后分析了水下动态重力测量的研究重点并指出了其后续发展方向。     

Lacoste重力仪的周期误差

重力仪的周期误差是精密重力测量的一个误差源。本文阐述由于齿轮组合所产生的周期误差,给出全部可能存在的周期数。以G584仪器为例,发现除已被普遍采用的1、7.33、73.33、220周期数外,尚存在22周期数。用大量程静电反馈装置进行测量,验证22周期数的周期误差幅值为4.33×10~(-6)m/S~2。同时讨论了为标定该项误差增强现有基线的必要性。     

L&R航空重力仪的水平加速度改正

L&R(LaCoste&Romberg)航空重力仪是我国首套航空重力测量系统的核心,主要由高精度的垂直加速度计和稳定平台组成。前者用于测量总加速度,后者使加速度计保持精确的垂直指向。飞行测量时,由于水平加速度的存在,稳定平台难以精确维持水平从而使加速度计偏离正确指向,由此产生了水平加速度改正。介绍了水平加速度计算的两种基本方法,即两步法与一步法,从理论上导出了其在平台倾角较小情况下的等价性。为有效地减弱因水平加速度改正不完善产生的系统性误差,提出了水平加速度改正的预滤波方法。通过平台倾角的谱分析,确定了预滤波尺度,即采用与平台稳定周期相当的低通滤波器进行预滤波。最后利用实测数据对此进行了验证和分析。结果表明,利用预滤波尺度,航空重力测量值与地面向上延拓参考值的系统差由5×10-5m.s-2减小至0.5×10-5m.s-2。     

LaCoste & Romberg ET型重力仪数字静电反馈系统的研制

介绍以计算机技术和采用数字比例积分微分控制器控制算法研制的数字式静电反馈系统的工作原理,并将该系统用于LaCoste & Romberg(LCR)ET20型重力仪的升级改造中.改造后LCR ET20重力仪的观测结果表明,该系统能解决模拟静电反馈系统中线性度不易调整和长期稳定度差等问题,并能提高重力仪的观测精度.