利用实测资料确定LCR重力仪的线性格值和周期误差参数

利用3台LCR重力仪在首都圈重力网同步观测的大量实测数据,根据其中2台(G570,G596)的基本参数,解算另一台仪器(G147)的线性格值和周期误差参数。由于该方法联立的误差方程较多(达934个),提高了解算结果的精度。结果表明,LCR147仪器格值线性参数k=0.999 380,比一般的LCR仪器小0.001,且在周期T3=7.88和T5=70.94处存在明显的周期误差,幅值分别为A3=10.2×10-8m/s2和A5=6.3×10-8m/s2;将本文计算的重力仪线性格值与周期误差参数,运用于首都圈重力地震监测的资料处理分析中,不但有效地提高了观测精度,而且对提高重力变化的可信度,削除虚假重力变化信息有重要的意义。     

宽频地震计及倾斜、重力仪对长周期波动信号的综合观测

报道了在武汉华中科技大学地震与固体潮试验站的同一观测平台上,用数字宽频地震计、倾斜仪及重力仪对长周期地震波动信号的综合观测结果,以及各观测的对比和分析。近3年来,不同的观测仪器同时观测到了几十个形态一致、信号较弱而且成分复杂、持续时间大多约为2——3天的异常波（震颤）。分析表明,这些异常震颤中的一部分由来自西太平洋进入中国大陆及近海的台风产生,其信号强弱主要与台风运动中心进入中国大陆近海后与观测点之间的距离,以及风速大小这两个因素密切关联。另外,还有一部分异常震颤信号的产生原因不明。频谱分析结果显示,与平常的背景噪声信号相比,异常震颤信号的成分较为丰富, 除了3——5 min周期的信号外,还含有20——30 min,甚至一小时以上的长周期信号。我们以多种观测仪、长时间的连续观测结果表明,这种震颤信号是真实的和普遍存在的。其产生原因和机制还有待更广泛和深入的研究。      

重力仪的现状及发展

根据最近的英文文献,综述了世界上重力仪的现状及的发展,介绍了一种新型的数字式超级重力仪,以及重力仪的一个新的设计思想-─应用绝对标度测量相对重力.     

CHZ海洋重力仪的多通道数据采集系统设计

介绍了24位A／D转换器AD7714的性能、特点,以及它与AT89C2051单片机构成的CHZ海洋重力仪多通道数据采集系统。用Visual Basic6．0实现了视窗界面的各通道测量数据的实时图形显示、存储和打印。     

LCR重力仪与CG-5重力仪的长基线混合标定

2010-01-18—26日,在武汉、郑州、北京、沈阳4个高精度绝对重力点长基线上对8台LCR重力仪和4台CG 5重力仪进行了混合标定,标定结果表明：5台重力仪（其中4台为CG 5重力仪）显示出二次项的存在,但精度偏低。对于存在二次项的5台重力仪,一次项参数的单独标定结果均好于联合标定,其他重力仪的标定结果则基本保持不变。     

A study of gravity variations caused by polar motion using superconducting gravimeter data from the GGP network

Long-term continuous gravity observations, recorded at five superconducting gravimeter (SG) stations in the Global Geodynamic Project (GGP) network, as well as data on orientation variations in the Earths rotation axis (i.e. polar motion), have been used to investigate the characteristics of gravity variations on the Earths surface caused by polar motion. All the SG gravity data sets were pre-processed using identical techniques to remove the luni-solar gravity tides, the long-term trends of the instrumental drift, and the effects of atmospheric pressure. The analysis indicates that the spectral peaks, related to the Chandler and annual wobbles, were identified in both the power and product spectral density estimates. The magnitude of gravity variations, as well as the gravimetric amplitude factor associated with the Chandler wobble, changed significantly at different SG stations and during different observation periods. However, when all the SG observations at these five sites were combined, the gravimetric parameters of the Chandler wobble were retrieved accurately: 1.1613 ± 0.0737 for the amplitude factor and –1°.30 ± 1°.33 for the phase difference. The value of the estimated amplitude factor is in agreement with that predicted theoretically for the zonal tides of an elastic Earth model.     

利用EEMD及超导重力数据探测超低频地球自由振荡模态分裂信号：探测实例

利用2004年苏门答腊9.0级地震后GGP台网中15台超导重力仪的18组观测数据,采用EEMD分解技术及叠积技术,检测了频率小于1 mHz的低频地球自由振荡的简正模（3S1、0S4、0S5）及其频谱分裂现象。通过对原始分钟间隔的超导重力数据进行预处理得到重力残差,然后运用EEMD方法将其分解到处于不同频段上的IMF分量,提高了探测低频自由振荡信号的信噪比,使一些低频自由振荡信号的谱线分裂更清晰地显现出来。结果表明,经过EEMD分解过的重力残差能更有效地检测低频自由振荡信号,得到信噪比更高的低阶球型振荡分裂谱线。该研究进一步证实了EEMD数据处理方法的有效性以及超导重力仪在低阶地球自由振荡检测中的优越性。     

基于PID反馈的两级超低频隔振系统理论分析及仿真

建立两级隔振系统的运动模型,推导系统的闭环传递函数并对传递函数进行分析。结果表明：1）系统采用PID反馈较当前超长弹簧中采用的PD反馈具有更好的等效阻尼系数调节功能。2）系统的等效固有周期主要受反馈比例系数kp影响,kp越大,等效固有周期越长,隔振效果越好;kp选定后,积分系数ki和微分系数kd共同影响系统的阻尼,且ki占主导地位,决定系统的稳定性。通过仿真验证了闭环传递函数分析结果的准确性,且仿真结果表明,系统在1 Hz处的隔振效果可达-70 dB。     

KSS 31M海洋重力仪静态观测结果及分析

根据对新型KSS 31M海洋重力仪一个多月的室内静态观测记录分析,得到的结果是：该台重力仪的静掉格呈线性,掉格率约为1mGal／month,静态观测分辨率为0．01mGal。显示该型重力仪静态漂移极小,灵敏度高,抗干扰能力强。     

Storage‐discharge relationships at different catchment scales based on local high‐precision gravimetry

In hydrology, the storage‐discharge relationship is a fundamental catchment property. Understanding what controls this relationship is at the core of catchment science. To date, there are no direct methods to measure water storage at catchment scales (10¹–10³ km²). In this study, we use direct measurements of terrestrial water storage dynamics by means of superconducting gravimetry in a small headwater catchment of the Regen River, Germany, to derive empirical storage‐discharge relationships in nested catchments of increasing scale. Our results show that the local storage measurements are strongly related to streamflow dynamics at larger scales (> 100 km²; correlation coefficient = 0.78–0.81), but at small scale, no such relationship exists (~ 1 km²; correlation coefficients = ?0.11). The geologic setting in the region can explain both the disconnection between local water storage and headwater runoff, and the connectivity between headwater storage and streams draining larger catchment areas. More research is required to understand what controls the form of the observed storage‐discharge relationships at the catchment scale. This study demonstrates that high‐precision gravimetry can provide new insights into the complex relationship between state and response of hydrological systems. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.