海潮负荷对自由核章动参数拟合的影响

基于武汉基准台超导重力仪重力潮汐观测资料 ,利用根据不同海潮模型获得的负荷重力改正值对观测数据作海潮改正 ,拟合了地球自由核章动 ( FCN)共振参数。结果表明 FCN的本征周期为 435 .2恒星日 ,品质因子为 4730 ,复共振强度为 ( - 6.34× 1 0 - 4,- 0 .0 9× 1 0 - 4)°/h。不同的海潮模型对 FCN本征周期和共振强度实部计算结果的影响很小 ,差异分别不超过± 1 .6%和± 7.7% ,对品质因子 Q值和共振强度虚部拟合结果的影响非常显著。基于 Ori96全球海潮模型得到的重力改正值可以很好地解释武汉基准台周日重力潮汐观测残差。     

Amplitude Response of a LCR Gravimeter with Feedback at Periods of Microseisms and Earthquake Waves

The amplitude response of a LCR gravimeter with the SRW-E feedback was determined on a vertical vibrating platform. The ink-pen recorder was connected parallel with the digital voltmeter input to obtain an analog response of the gravimeter to the harmonic motion of the base with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 10 m and periods excited in an interval of 4 - 10 s as by the ground motion of meteorological microseisms, and in the interval 10 -100 s as by surface waves of distant strong earthquakes. In the first interval, an unexpected maximum of the amplitude response was observed with the double amplitude of apparent 6,5 Gal (6.5 × 10 _–8 m/s ² ) at a period of 4.8 s, and a baseline shift with the amplitude of–64Gal was observed at the same period. The value of this direct component cannot be separated from the effect of the Earth's gravity field. In the second interval, the amplitude response of the gravimeter displayed one expected maximum at a period of 40 s with the double amplitude of 8.1Gal. At the usual level of microseisms with a peak-to-peak amplitude of up to 2 m the fluctuation of the gravimeter on the direct baseline shifted by –4.9 Gal was estimated at 1 Gal. With typical Rayleigh surface waves with periods of 20 s and double amplitudes of up to 100 m, the fluctuation reached 67 Gal.     

Wavelet filter analysis of atmospheric pressure effects in the long-period seismic mode band

The importance of the reduction of atmospheric pressure effects becomes very clear when investigating seismic normal-mode spectra below 1.5 mHz. The usual simple correction method consists in subtracting a term converted from local atmospheric pressure (pressure multiplied by a frequency-independent admittance) from the gravity record in time domain. Thus, estimating an efficient admittance is the key for an improved correction. Band-pass filters derived from dyadic orthogonal wavelet transform, having narrow pass-bands with good frequency response but without Gibbs phenomenon and causing no phase lag, are very helpful to estimate an efficient admittance, which is both time and frequency-dependent. Processing of high quality superconducting gravimeter (SG) records for the great Sumatra earthquake (Mw = 9.3, Dec 26, 2004) with wavelet filters reveal the three very well resolved splitting singlets of overtone ₂S₁ with a single gravity record after correction with time-dependent and frequency-dependent admittances. We also observe all coupled toroidal modes below 1.5 mHz, except ₀T₅, ₀T₇ and ₁T₁, with good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); moreover, toroidal modes ₁T₂ and ₁T₃ are for the first time unambiguously revealed in vertical components.     

Wavelet filter analysis of splitting and coupling of seismic normal modes below 1.5 mHz with superconducting gravimeter records after the December 26, 2004 Sumatra earthquake

New generation superconducting gravimeters (SGs), which have been demonstrated to be better than the best seismometers STS-1 at frequencies below 1 mHz, can be accepted as the quietest vertical seismometers for observation of long-period earth free oscillations. Wavelet filtering with narrow band-pass frequency response as shown in this paper is very helpful in removing at- mospheric pressure effects from on gravity records in long-period seismic mode frequency bands. The processing of high quality SG records after the great Sumatra earthquake (Dec. 26, 2004) with wavelet filtering leads to clear observations of all coupled toroidal modes below 1.5 mHz except these for 0T5, 0T7 and 1T1; moreover 1T2 and 1T3 are, for the first time, unambiguously revealed in the vertical components of the free oscillations. The three well-resolved splitting singlets of overtones 2S1 are observed from a single SG record for the first time.     

LaCoste&Romberg航空重力仪K因子的动态标定及其特性研究

摆杆尺度因子（K因子）是反映LaCoste&Romberg航空重力仪线性响应特性的最重要参数. 利用基于地面参考数据的外部标定法和基于交叉点不符值的内部标定法分别对其进行了标定，实测数据分析表明，K因子的内、外部标定结果非常一致，且利用新K因子计算的空中重力扰动，其精度较采用出厂值提高了02～04 mGal. 内部标定法具有较好的实际应用价值. 研究了K因子与滤波尺度的相关性，表明重力仪可能为一非线性响应系统，即K因子的大小与摆杆速度的变化有关.     

Correcting superconducting gravity time-series using rainfall modelling at the Vienna and Membach stations and application to Earth tide analysis

We demonstrate the possibility to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of superconducting gravity time-series by correcting for local hydrological effects. Short-term atmospheric events associated with heavy rain induce step-like gravity signals that deteriorate the frequency spectrum estimates. Based on 4D modeling constrained by high temporal resolution rain gauge data, rainfall admittances for the Vienna and Membach superconducting gravity stations are calculated. This allows routine correction for Newtonian rain water effects, which reduces the standard deviation of residuals after tidal parameter adjustment by 10%. It also improves the correction of steps of instrumental origin when they coincide with step-like water mass signals.     

AR模型谱在超导重力数据信号检测中的分析研究

在介绍AR（auto-regression）模型谱分析原理的基础上,分别采用AR模型谱和周期图法对法国Strasbourg、澳大利亚Mt Stromlo和日本Matsushiro三个站的超导重力数据进行信号检测,以半日波的理论值为依据,运用两种方法进行半日波信号检测、分析与比较。结果表明,在超导重力数据信号检测分析中,AR模型谱比周期图法更准确、稳定,且受数据量的影响较小。     

武汉台重力长期变化分析

通过对武汉台超导重力仪９年多连续观测的重力长期变化资料分析,得到长周期重力潮汐参数、该频段气压回归因子Ｃ、极移重力效应因子Ｐ和长周期气压回归因子Ｃ１分别为：Ｃ：－０．３８３（±０．０１４）×１０－８ｍ·ｓ－２／１００Ｐａ;Ｍｍ：１．１１７３（±０．０７２０）,－１°．１７８７（±３°．６９４３）;Ｍｆ：１．１４３２（±０．０４８４）,５°．２２３５（±２°．４２５３）;Ｍｔｍ：１．２２７６（±０．２２４５）,－１７°．５６４８（±１０°．４７５８）;Ｃ１：－０．３１２（±０．０１５）×１０－８ｍ·ｓ－２／１００Ｐａ;Ｐ：１．９０４７（±０．０６９５）．重力长期变化在Ｃｈａｎｄｌｅｒ周期附近的振幅约为３．２６×１０－８ｍ·ｓ－２。     

大气重力信号的理论计算及其检测

基于标准大气定律和大气圆柱体分布模型,本文引进了大气重力格林函数,用离散格积方法求得了大气对重力场观测的影响,对台站高程、周围地形和地表温度变化等因素的影响问题进行了讨论．结果说明台站近区气压变化是大气重力信号的主要贡献者,考虑大气质量负荷引起的弹性地球形变效应后,对距台站0．5°的区域积分获得的大气重力导纳值为-0．3603μGal／hPa,占全球大气变化引起的总信号的90％以上,这一理论模型结果与超导重力仪实测结果相吻合,并能较有效地用于消除重力观测中的气压干扰成分．     

�ŷ嶯����ز�������ʵ��վ������������

??10???????FG5-112?????????????й???????????????????о?????嶯??????????????????????68??????????ι????????????С??2??10 ^-8 ms ^-2???????????????????????С?????????????;????????????????????????????????????仯?????1??10 ^-8 ms ^-2 /a??????????λ???????-0.38 cm/a;??????????λ?仯??????????????????????????????