中国数字地震台网记录的昆仑山口西地震的球型自由振荡

利用中国数字地震台网 (CDSN)改造后的7个台站的VHZ波形资料, 采用功率谱密度估计方法, 利用中国数字地震台网地震仪对低频信号压制的特点, 在没有对资料去除固体潮影响的情况下, 提取了2001年11月14日昆仑山口西地震激发的₀S₄~₀S₇₆地球球型自由振荡, 并与地球初步参考模型(PREM)的理论自由振荡周期进行对比, 结果表明与PREM预测的球型自由振荡周期符合得很好。 该地震的地球自由振荡信息, 可用于地震震源机制研究和地球内部结构研究。     

短周期地震仪接收函数的可行性分析——以新疆和田地震台阵为例

利用新疆和田地震台阵3 km孔径范围内架设的9个子台(包括1套宽频带和9套短周期地震仪)记录的3年远震波形数据,对比研究和分析了短周期地震仪接收函数的稳定性和可靠性.通过比较和分析短周期和长周期地震仪获取的接收函数波形,结果发现:(1)短周期地震仪记录与宽频带地震仪记录得到的接收函数有很好的一致性,且具有较高的稳定性,无论α取值为1.5还是2.5,短周期地震仪接收函数与宽频带地震仪接收函数都具有较强的线性相关性(相关系数0.9),但Ps震相均存在小幅的振幅差(约20%);(2)采用接收函数震相到时信息的方法(如H-κ叠加搜索),短周期地震仪可以代替宽频带地震仪;(3)由于短周期地震仪缺乏0.155 Hz以下的低频信号和在1 Hz以下频段非线性的振幅响应,仅仅采用短周期地震仪接收函数波形反演台站下方S波速度结构,获得下地壳到上地幔顶部的速度偏差较大(约0.3 km/s),可能会造成错误解释(如下地壳低速层),因此需要和其它对波速值敏感的数据(如面波频散)进行联合分析.     

What triggers Koyna region earthquakes? Preliminary results from seismic tomography digital array

The cause for prolific seismicity in the Koyna region is a geological enigma. Attempts have been made to link occurrence of these earthquakes with tectonic strain as well as the nearby reservoirs. With a view to providing reliable seismological database for studying the earth structure and the earthquake process in the Koyna region, a state of the art digital seismic network was deployed for twenty months during 1996–97. We present preliminary results from this experiment covering an area of 60 × 80 km² with twenty seismic stations. Hypocentral locations of more than 400 earthquakes confined to 11×25 km² reveal fragmentation in the seismicity pattern — a NE — SW segment has a dip towards NW at approximately 45°, whilst the other two segments show a near vertical trend. These seismic segments have a close linkage with the Western Ghat escarpment and the Warna fault. Ninety per cent of the seismicity is confined within the depth range of 3–10 km. The depth distribution of earthquakes delimits the seismogenic zone with its base at 10 km indicating a transition from an unstable to stable frictional sliding regime. The lack of shallow seismicity between 0 and 3 km indicates a mature fault system with well-developed gouge zones, which inhibit shallow earthquake nucleation. Local earthquake travel time inversion for P- and S-waves show ≈ 2% higher velocity in the seismogenic crust (0–10 km) beneath the epicentral tract relative to a lower velocity (2–3%) in the adjoining region. The high P- and S-wave velocity in the seismogenic crust argues against the presence of high pressure fluid zones and suggests its possible linkage with denser lithology. The zone of high velocity has been traced to deeper depths (≈ 70 km) through teleseismic tomography. The results reveal segmented and matured seismogenic fault systems in the Koyna region where seismicity is possibly controlled by strain build up due to competent lithology in the seismic zone with a deep crustal root.     

泉州地震台测震观测质量分析及技术对策

通过对泉州地震台甚宽频带数字地震仪测震观测的台基地动噪声、监测能力、震级偏差和震相特征分析等方面的综合研究,提出了减少测震台基地动噪声影响、提高测震监测能力、减少震级偏差、提高震相分析水平、加强观测系统的维护、提高测震速报与地震编目的水平及规范观测质量的管理等方面相应的技术对策,有关研究结果对寻求和提高泉州台测震观测质...     

碌玛曲地震记录波形与青铜峡,北川地震波形的对比及记录特征

通过对天水台 64地震仪记录的甘肃碌玛曲地区一系列小震群的震相分析 ,发现该区域地震记录波形特别 ,而导致错误分析。为说明该震区地震波的记录特点 ,我们对震中距基本相同的宁夏青铜峡 ,四川北川地震进行了对比分析。认为碌码曲震区地震波形独有特点 ,各震区地震有各自的记录特征。     

A／D转换与地震仪的发展

地震数据采集具有采集点分布范围广、滚动搬移工作量大等特点，因此就需要一套体积小、重量轻、连线简单、供电方便、耗电量小的采集器。目前24位A／D型数字地震仪器已具备瞬时动态范围大、失真小、无零点漂移、系统规模大(带道能力)和软件功能强劲等特点。随着电子行业的飞速发展，A／D转换器等电子器件已发展成为高度模块化、智能化及高精度的绿色节能型芯片。其器件体积小、功耗低、集成度高、功能强，为地震数据采集仪器更新换代，实现低功耗、单道、小体积、高精度、高分辨率的数字化采集器创造了有利条件。     

银川地震台CTS-1数字地震仪震级校正初探

主要分析讨论了2002年1月~2005年2月银川台数字地震仪测定的震级与中国数字地震台网观测报告震级的误差,给出银川台CTS-1数字地震仪震级的校正值,以提高银川台地震速报的精度。同时初步探讨分析了银川台数字地震仪震级误差的原因。     

Analysis of a group of seismic events using rotational components

Analysis of a group of seismic events which took place in central Italy and have been recorded at the l’Aquila Observatory reveals proportionality between the maximum seismic signal (the displacement velocity) and the maximum amplitudes of rotational components. To compare the seismic events in the aspect of energy emitted as rotational motions, the rotation indices are used; these indices help us also to differentiate between the results obtained for different frequency spectra. In the adopted higher frequency range, 2.6–43 Hz, the relation between maximum displacement velocities and the rotation indices is roughly reciprocal, while for the lower frequencies, 0.3–3 Hz, there is no clear relationship. The share of rotation motions in the whole seismic energy emitted from the source varies during the seismic event. Research on the rotational components hidden in the seismic field gives a new insight into the processes in the source.     

地震勘探仪器主要技术性能分析及改进探讨

通过对地震勘探仪器的主要技术性能的详细分析可以看出,无论是集中式数字地震仪还是24位Δ-∑A/D型遥测地震仪,都还记录不到大动态、高主频、宽频带的地震反射波,它们记录的中深层地震反射信号的瞬时动态范围均在60 dB左右.本文以水平层状介质的吸收衰减特性为依据,给出了智能程控型前置放大器和频谱均衡滤波器的数学模型.用智能程控型前置放大器补偿由于球面扩散所造成的振幅衰减;用频谱均衡滤波器补偿由于地层吸收所造成的振幅衰减.按此设计方案,研制真正具有大瞬时动态和高频提升功能的地震仪,对高分辨率地震勘探技术的进一步发展具有重要意义.