REVIEW ARTICLE MULTIVARIATE EXPLORATORY DATA ANALYSIS AND GRAPHICS:A TUTORIAL

Exploratory data analysis(EDA)is a toolbox of data manipulation methods for looking at data to seewhat they seem to say,i.e.one tries to let the data speak for themselves.In this way there is hope thatthe data will lead to indications about'models'of relationships not expected a priori.In this respect EDAis a pre-step to confirmatory data analysis which delivers measures of how adequate a model is.In thistutorial the focus is on multivariate exploratory data analysis for quantitative data using linear methodsfor dimension reduction and prediction.Purely graphical multivariate tools such as 3D rotation andscatterplot matrices are discussed after having introduced the univariate and bivariate tools on which theyare based.The main tasks of multivariate exploratory data analysis are identified as'search for structure'by dimension reduction and'model selection'by comparing predictive power.Resampling is used tosupport validity,and variables selection to improve interpretability.     

高δ34S 值重晶石矿床的成因解释

中国下寒武统黑色岩系中的层状重晶石矿床主要分布在江南与秦岭地区(Wang和Li,1991)。它们具有相似的地质特征:围岩为暗色硅岩与黑色页岩,富含有机质与黄铁矿。与重晶石相伴生的还有铀和钒。秦岭地区重晶石矿层一般靠近震旦一寒武纪界线,而江南地区重晶石层位由西南向东北逐渐增高(Wang和Li,1991)。绩溪重晶石矿床位于江南地区安徽省绩溪县境内。矿层底部为含有机质较高的硅岩与黑色页岩。     

中国地震代表团赴新西兰访问考察

应新西兰国家研究科技部邀请，以国家地震局人事教育司司长李裕彻为团长的中国地震代表团于１９９３年１０月１０－２０日访问考察了新西兰。本文介绍了这次访问考察的概况，并根据访问期间了解到的情况，较详细地介绍了新西兰的防震减灾工作、防灾减灾机构及其职能、防震减灾研究等方面的情况。     

ON THE REDUCTION OF WATER AND SEDIMENT YIELD OF THE YELLOW RIVER IN LATE YEARS

ＯＮＴＨＥＲＥＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＷＡＴＥＲＡＮＤＳＥＤＩＭＥＮＴＹＩＥＬＤＯＦＴＨＥＹＥＬＬＯＷＲＩＶＥＲＩＮＬＡＴＥＹＥＡＲＳＧＵＷｅｎｓｈｕＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：ＴｈｅｒｅｃｏｒｄｅｄｈｙｄｒｏｌｏｇｉｃｄａｔａｏｆｔｈｅＹｅｌｌｏｗＲｉｖｅｒｉｎｄ...     

大同─阳高地震前后政府防震减灾职能的成功实践─—纪念大同─阳高地震5周年

本文回顾了１９８９年１０月１８日大同－阳高６．１级地震前后各级政府发挥、运用防震减灾中的职能的情况，用实例说明在我国地震工作方针和防震减灾政策指引下，各级政府发挥防震减灾职能的举措和成效，指出这是我国防震减灾工作的一次成功实践。     

甘肃舟曲南桥村西滑坡地质特征及其治理

详细描述舟曲南桥村西滑坡的物质组成，地质特征及其变形过程，并据变形迹象及勘探资料分析了组成滑坡的各块滑体受力特征及其之间的力学联系，通过稳定性计算。获得了滑体不同部位的稳定程度，为减灾治理提供了可靠的理论依据。同时，利用工程地质比拟法，结合室内实验资料，提出了隔水、排水、疏水及减载反压等治理方案。     

基于MapBasic的梧州防洪减灾信息系统初探

介绍以MapInfo为平台、MapBasic为编程语言建立梧州防洪减灾信息系统的实践过程,对防洪减灾数据的管理进行了初步探讨,该系统能实现图形和属性数据综合管理、灾情评估,输出各种专题图等。     

地震企业停减产损失评估

对在地震间接经济损失中占主要的停减产损失的定义进行了讨论,对目前的研究现状进行了总结和回顾,对现有评估方法进行了讨论,结合地震现场的工作性质和特点,给出了现场评估的建议方法。     

Geomicrobiological in-situ containment of uranium in subsurface and its long-term stability

Uranium is a redox-sensitive element. While U （Ⅵ）, the oxidized form of uranium, is soluble and thus mobile in groundwater, U （Ⅳ） readily forms UO2（s） and is precipitated. Recent geomicrobiological researches demonstrated that dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria can effectively remove uranium fi＇om contaminated groundwater by reducing soluble U （Ⅵ） to relatively insoluble U （Ⅳ）. This novel form of microbial reduction of U （Ⅵ） is reported to be much faster than abiological reduction. The objective of this work was to investigate U （Ⅵ） reduction by indigenous bacteria in uranium-bearing black shale sediment and to determine whether microbially-precipitated uranium has long-term stability in subsurface. Through this study, fundamental information on the effects of microorganisms on the fate of redox-sensitive elements in natural settings will be provided. Soil and sediment samples were collected from uranium-bearing black shale in the Dukpyung area in Korea. Microbial inoculum was prepared from soil and sediment slurry supernatant. The reactors were purged with N2 ： CO2 gas （80 ; 20） to maintain anaerobic condition. Glucose, acetate or lactate was added as an electron donor at a final concentration of 5 mM.