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?????????????????仯????????????е????????????????й????????????????????????????GPS????????????й??????????????????????????????????仯??????????????2001~2007???????????????????????к????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????2007~2009?????????????????????????????????????????????????????ν??????????????????????????????????2009~2011????????????????????????????????????????????????2007~2009?????     

低空急流的研究进展与展望

低空急流与强降水事件、空气污染、风能利用、航空安全、沙尘暴、森林火灾及其他诸多天气、气候现象存在着密切的联系,因此自发现之日起便受到人们的广泛关注。在过去的半个多世纪中,中外气象学家围绕着低空急流事件开展了大量的研究并取得了丰硕的研究成果。对这些成果进行了综合回顾,重点对低空急流的分类和定义、分布状况及结构特征,低空急流形成演变机制,低空急流与降水及其他领域的关系等三个方面的研究工作进行了总结。最后通过对比分析中外针对低空急流事件的研究历史和现状,指出了中国现有研究工作中所存在的诸如低空急流选取标准宽松、观测数据缺乏且质量控制不完善、低空急流自身特征与形成演变机制研究数量和深度有限、交叉领域研究工作匮乏等方面的问题,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

菲律宾蛤仔不同品系斑马蛤的选择反应及现实遗传力

对菲律宾蛤仔中的斑马蛤、黑斑马、白斑马三品系进行混合选择,测量了各实验组的壳长,计算了不同品系斑马蛤的选择反应和现实遗传力。结果表明:3个品系的上选组壳长均大于对照组,说明单向上选是行之有效的遗传改良方法。在不同的生长发育阶段,斑马蛤品系的选择反应(R)和现实遗传力(2Rh)出现阶段性变化,从平均水平上看,R在幼虫期为0.688±0.184,稚贝期为0.605±0.214,养成期为0.670±0.120;2Rh在幼虫期为0.392±0.081,稚贝期为0.344±088,养成期为0.380±0.058。从一周年的生长情况来看,三个品系总的R为0.654±0.179,斑马蛤、黑斑马蛤和白斑马蛤品系的R分别为0.655±0.155、0.525±0.116、0.782±0.170;三个品系总的2Rh为0.373±0.070,斑马蛤、黑斑马蛤和白斑马蛤品系的2Rh分别为0.372±0.042、0.300±0.028、0.445±0.031。不同品系间R和2Rh次序为白斑马斑马蛤黑斑马,说明各斑马蛤品系的选择效果是不同的,品系间存在着一定程度的遗传差异。     

Structural evolution of the Kopeh Dagh fold-and-thrust belt (NE Iran) and interactions with the South Caspian Sea Basin and Amu Darya Basin

We present a detailed stratigraphic and structural study of the Kopeh Dagh fold-and-thrust belt in NE Iran, which is an investigation of the complex polyphased tectonic history of this belt and its links with the adjacent South Caspian Sea and Amu Darya basins. Based on numerous field surveys, a large amount of 2D and 3D seismic data, borehole data and more than 150 new biostratigaphic datings, a new detailed biostratigraphic chart and 4 main regional cross-sections illustrate the importance of lateral facies variations and structural inheritance in the present-day structure of the belt.After the Cimmerian orogeny corresponding to the closure of the Paleotethys Ocean in Late Triassic/Early Jurassic times, a Middle Jurassic post-collisional rifting event was associated with the deposition of one of the main source rocks of the Kopeh Dagh and the Amu Darya Basin (Kashafrud Formation). Following this rifting event, over 7 km of sediments were accumulated until the Tertiary above a regional post-Triassic unconformity. The occurrence of local uplifts during the Late Cretaceous-Early Paleocene is interpreted as a consequence of regional-scale modification of plate-slab coupling in the Neotethys subduction zone. The main inversion of the Kopeh Dagh occurred at Late Eocene times, when the far-field deformation developed in Eurasia as a consequence of the locking of the Neo-Tethys subduction. This folding phase is sealed in the western part of the belt by a major Eocene-Oligocene unconformity at the base of the thick sedimentary series belonging to the South Caspian Sea Basin. The bulk of sedimentary infill in the South Caspian Sea Basin is Oligocene and younger, and it is probably related to syn-compressional downward flexure of the resistant basement basin at the onset of the Alpine phase. In the eastern part of the Kopeh Dagh, this deformation is characterized by Middle Jurassic graben inversion with evidence of forced folding, short-cuts and as well by larger scale basement uplifts. In contrast, the northwestern part of the belt shows thrust faults involving basement and fault-propagation folds within the sedimentary sequence. The Kopeh Dagh presents tectonic structures that are parallel to the Paleotethys suture zone, which emphasizes the importance of the structural inheritance and inversion processes during the structural evolution of the belt. Finally, a change from a mostly dip-slip to a mostly strike-slip tectonics occurred during the Pliocene within the Kopeh Dagh as a consequence of a major tectonic reorganization in North-East Iran.     

玉树MS7.1级地震前的形变应变场变化特征

基于1999～2007年和2007～2009年的GPS站点观测数据计算的速度场,分析了青藏亚板块的运动特征.利用块体(旋转与线性应变)弹性运动公式计算可可西里-巴颜喀拉块体和羌唐块体的应变率、可可西里-玉树断裂带的运动速度和应变率,研究了玉树7.1级地震前的形变应变特征.结果表明:可可西里-巴颜喀拉块体处于青藏亚板块运...     

固原体应变观测资料综合分析

对固原海子峡体应变2008年1月以来的观测数据进行了连续率、日漂移、内在精度以及噪声水平等方面的统计分析,结果显示观测资料连续率高,内在精度高,漂移快,噪声水平相对偏高.并从中选取了4个时段与气压进行相关分析,结果显示两者存在高度相关性,且体应变随气压变化在时间上存在40min的滞后效应,应用相关分析方法去除气压对体应...     

临汾地震台体应变观测资料映震能力分析

利用小波分析方法,通过对临汾地震台体应变记录的国内外典型震例进行分析,总结临汾地震台体应变中强地震前异常变化特征及映震能力.发现体应变在大多数远震前没有出现明显的短临异常图像,而在近震方面有一定映震能力.     

饱和南京细砂永久应变势模型的试验研究

土单元永久应变势的预测模型是土动力学的重要研究内容之一。现有的土单元永久应变势模型没有反映振动孔压增长的影响,难以合理解释地震动作用引起的饱和砂土地基永久变形一般是由土层软化或再固结变形所致的机理。基于饱和南京细砂永久变形动三轴试验结果的有效应力状态分析,研究了试样的永久变形与振动孔压增长的关系,建立了一个能反映振动孔压增长影响的土单元永久应变势模型,给出了土单元永久应变势的数学表达式,分析了土单元永久应变势模型参数的影响因素。初步的验证性试验表明:模型预测与试验测得的试样永久应变势与振动孔压增长曲线比较接近,说明该模型具有一定的合理性。     

高淳县地震台钻孔分量应变观测质量评价和映震效能研究

对高淳地震台自投入运行以来的分量应变观测资料进行了分析研究,结果表明:该台观测资料精度很高,同时发现分量应变观测对一些大震有明显同震效应.