INTENSITY INDEX OF SOUTH CHINA SEA MONSOON AND ITS VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS

According to the basic characteristics of the activities of summer monsoon in the South China Sea,Standardized index,Is,has been designed that integrates a dynamic factor(southwesterly component) and a thermodynamic factor(OLR) for the indication of summer monsoon in the South China Sea,With the index determined for individual months of June,July and August and the entire summertime from 1975 to 1999,specific months and years are indicated that are either strong or weak in monsoon intensity,The variation is studied for the patterns and Is‘s relationship is revealed with the onset of summer monsoon and the precipitation in Guang-dong province and China.The results show that there are quasi-10 and quasi-3-4 year cycles in the interannual variation of the monsooon over the past 25 years.When it has an early(late)onset,the summer monsoon is usually strong (weak),In the strong(weak)monsoon,years,precipitation tends to be more(less)in the first raining season of the year but normal or less(normal)in the second,in the province,but it would be more(less) in northeastern China and most parts of the northern china and south of the lower reaches of the Changjiang River and less(more)in the middle and lower reaches of the river,western part of northern China and western China.     

紫外线模式预报方法的研究和试验

文章介绍了在T106全球谱模式中应用大气辐射传输模式预报紫外线辐射(UVR)的方法,给出了试验运行的结果.UVR强度的划分考虑了到达地表的UVR通量.参考国内、外紫外线(UV)预报服务的经验,制定了5个日光暴露的级别、相应的紫外线指数(UVI)及防护措施.1999年9月起,国家气象中心已在NOTES网上每月不定期地展示UVR预报的一些结果,2000年9月起,在Cray-C92业务操作系统上实施了连续的试验运行.     

基于土体中结构面的岩土工程问题探讨

土体中也存在结构面，并且结构面的存在与很多的岩土问题有关。为使土体中的结构面受到足够的重视，本文就其中的几个主要岩土工程问题进行了探讨，它们是：结构面对土体力学性质的影响、土体结构面对土体破坏的控制作用、有时可尝试用离散元等模型分析土体变形、土体中结构面上水的渗流和污染物的运移、结构面上土体力学参数问题、土坡稳定性问题、土与结构物的相互作用问题、土体中结构面与环境岩土工程问题等。     

黄河三角洲地区浅层沉积序列及构造沉降特征

在整个黄河三角洲地区和莱洲湾南岸晚更新世以来经历了海陆相沉积的频繁交替,本文通过古地磁和14C测年资料对不同钻孔的晚更新世地层进行了精确的年代对比,揭示了不同时期的沉积序列。并通过27口钻井的联合对比剖面,揭示出本区晚更新世以来的新构造运动表现为二凹夹一隆的构造特征,对黄河三角洲发育位置和沉降特征有强烈的控制作用。     

可持续发展评估指标、方法及应用研究

可持续发展评估指标及方法研究是可持续发展定量评估研究的基础,是实施可持续发展管理的依据,是生态经济学与可持续发展研究的前沿领域和热点问题之一. 在概括介绍可持续发展评估的工具--指标/指数的概念和功能、国际上代表性可持续发展研究机构指标选取的原则的基础上,全面分析归纳了可持续发展指标(体系)的类型及其框架模式. 详细介绍了联合国可持续发展委员会(UNCSD)、经济合作与发展组织(OECD)、世界保护同盟(IUCN)、世界银行等国际上代表性机构的可持续发展系统性指标体系的最新研究进展,并分析了这些系统性指标体系的优缺点. 深入分析了国际上典型的社会发展类、经济发展类、生态环境类可持续发展指标(指数)的研究、开发与实际评估应用的情况. 最后,总结了当前可持续发展指标(体系)研究的特点与趋势.     

Drought in Bulgaria and atmospheric synoptic conditions over Europe

Drought in Bulgaria is analyzed from the multiple viewpoints of statistical occurrence, spatial patterns, and synoptic conditions. A new index of drought, the SD (spatial-dryness) index, characterizes drought by both intensity and spatial extent. The occurrence of the SD index is analyzed using global gridded data sets. Examination of transitional probabilities of multiple months and years with drought occurrence suggests persistence is sufficiently frequent to be important for climate-related environmental planning. Finally, it is shown that specific seasonal synoptic patterns are associated with wet and dry conditions in Bulgaria. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Hydration and refractive indices of Holocene tephra glass in Hokkaido, Northern Japan

Refractive indices of incompletely hydrated tephra glasses vary widely. Thus, glass refractive index is not a practical indicator for identifying Holocene tephras. Hydration near the surface of tephra glass shards can be removed by either hydrofluoric acid treatment or annealing for 12 h at 400°C. The annealing procedure is a particularly reliable and simple way to dehydrate tephra glasses. Standard deviations (s) of refractive indices for glasses after 12 h annealing are small (s=0.0014–0.0018), in contrast with untreated glasses (s=0.0034–0.0405). The refractive indices of dehydrated tephra glasses are 0.006–0.014 lower than those of the untreated (hydrated) glasses. Using the 400°C 12-h annealing procedure, values for the refractive indices of eight Holocene tephras in Hokkaido were obtained. These refractive indices are useful indicators for identification and correlation of Holocene tephras.     

城市震害高危害小区的研究和GIS的实现技术

论述了在城市地震灾害中如何考虑诸方面因素来评价城市的灾害轻重分布情况。中建立坑危害小区分析模型，设想将城市划分等面积网格，给每个单元网格赋予灾害指数，以确定城市中受灾较为严重的区域，为求灾指挥提供决策信息。同时，将高危害小区的模型研究结果转化为计算机技术可以实现的GIS模型。该研究结果已应用于泰安市防震减灾示范研究项目中。     

测氡在滑坡研究中的应用

测氡是一种放射性地球物理方法,利用滑坡体与其周边岩土体的结构差异,应用测氡可对滑坡进行勘探,对滑坡的结构特征进行研究,达到节约投资,缩短勘探时间的目的,并可与地质分析相互验证,为工程应用提供依据。