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991.
A series of stress relaxation experiments have been carried out on faulted and intact Tennessee sandstone to explore the influence of pore water on strength at different strain rates. Temperatures employed were 20, 300 and 400°C, effective confining pressure was 1.5 kb and strain rates as low as 10–10 sec–1 were achieved. Most samples were prefaulted at 2.5 kb confining pressure and room temperature. This is thought to have secured a reproducible initial microstructure.The strength of the dry rock was almost totally insensitive to strain rate in the range 10–4 to 10–10 sec–1. In contrast, the strength of the wet rock decreased rapidly with strain rate at rates less than 10–6 sec–1. Brittle fracture of the quartz grains which constitute this rock is the most characteristic mode of failure under the test conditions used.The experimental data are discussed in terms of the possible deformation rate controlling processes, and it is suggested that in the wet experiments at intermediate to high strain rates (10–7 to 10–4 sec–1) the observed deformation rate is controlled by the kinetics of water assisted stress corrosion, whilst deformation at low strain rates (ca. 10–9 sec–1) is controlled by a pressure solution process.The results have implications for the rheology of fault rocks at depths of perhaps 10 to 15 km in sialic crust. 相似文献
992.
993.
The paper introduces the tectonic background,focal mechanism and distribution of aftershock of the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12,2008. The earthquake is considered to be the result of long-term interaction between the eastward movement of the Bayan Har Block and the Sichuan Basin. Most of the earthquake energy was released in an area (the seismic source body) 330km long,52km wide and 20km deep over 100s. Energy release in the source body was extremely uneven,and strong ground motion in the epicenter area shows obvious asymmetrical character in the time and space scale. The high-intensity area is distributed along the source body,and the intensity distribution bears an obvious anomalous characteristic. The investigation results indicate that more than 90 percent of casualties caused by this earthquake were in the areas of intensity IX or above. Houses,schools and hospitals etc. suffered serious damage. Lifelines such as transportation,water conservation etc. also suffered significant damage. Besides,earthquake-triggered avalanches,landslides,mud-rock flows and so on were extremely serious. The tremendous earthquake disaster highlighted the deficiencies in disaster prevention and mitigation management,scientific earthquake research,technology and application of earthquake disaster prevention,and publicity of earthquake preparedness and disaster reduction. 相似文献
994.
采用随机能量场的概念,将地震活动能量场看作时间和空间的随机函数场,用自然正交函数展开的分析方法,研究江苏及邻区自1970年1月至2007年12月的中小地震(2.1≤M_L≤4.5)能量场变化特征,以及主要典型能量场的时间"权重"系数的变化特征.结果显示:前7个典型场的展开精度为0.9244.研究区内不同构造块体的地震活动能量场强度存在明显差异,其中下扬子块体的苏中、苏南地区及南黄海海域的地震背景能量值高于其他地区;从典型场的分布来看,该区域对研究区能量场的影响也最为显著.前6个主要典型场的时间"权重"系数随时间的变化幅度与研究区大部分中强震之间在时间上存在很强的相关性. 相似文献
995.
996.
Recurrence characteristics of late-quaternary strong earthquakes on the major active faults along the northern border of Ordos block 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Through study on trenches, analysis of recurrence characteristics and recurrence interval cluster/gap of strong earthquakes along the major active faults on the northern border of Ordos block, we found 62 paleoearthquakes that occurred in the late Quaternary, including 33 earthquakes occurring in the Holocene. The recurrence characteristics of the paleoearthquakes are different at three levels, segments, faults, and fault zones. The strong seismic sequence on the independent segments is mostly characterized by long- and short-interval recurrences, while that on the faults and in fault zone is characterized clearly by random and cluster recurrences. Results of the moving window test indicate that the probabilities of "temporal cluster or gap", caused by random coincidence as opposed to intersegment contagion, are 64% and 70% for the Serteng piedmont fault and for the south-border fault of Wula Mountains, respectively, no clear interaction among the segments of each fault; while the probability is 26.8% for the whole fault zone, suggesting a clear interaction among the faults of this fault zone. These recurrence characteristics may imply an effect of the entire block motion on the recurrence of strong earthquakes. Moreover, the elapsed time for the Wujumeng Pass-Dongfeng Village segment of Serteng piedmont fault and the Tuzuo Banner-Wusutu and the Hohhot segments of Daqingshan piedmont fault has exceeded the average recurrence interval, hence these three segments may be the possible places for future strong earthquakes. 相似文献
997.
998.
青海省地处青藏构造块体东北部,境内各种次级活动断裂遍布,形成了地震活动强烈的构造背景,成为开展地震科研的天然实验场.该省地震地下流体测点主要分布在东北部地区,地震多,监测台站少,且省内流体地球化学研究程度低,有必要加强流体地球化学监测与研究工作.鉴于此,应用流体地球化学方法,开展深浅部流体特征的观测研究,通过分析流体组... 相似文献
999.
在综合分析前人研究成果的基础上,采用基于贝叶斯准则的等效源模型滤波增强方法来识别地质体边界。通过理论模型实验讨论了在相同的噪声水平情况下,不同算法对于计算结果的影响,模型实验结果表明,与直接计算和传统高斯滤波增强技术相比,新算法可以有效消除传统算法中普遍存在的对于噪声的过度敏感问题,所得到的地质体边界形态失真更小。随后,利用此方法对川滇地区的重力数据进行了处理,并对该地区的重力水平总梯度(THD)、重力垂直梯度模(AVG)、重力解析信号模量(AAS)、重力水平梯度垂向导数(VGHD)应用效果进行了对比分析。研究结果提供了川滇地区的构造分区信息,对该地区构造演化、边界定位及动力学过程分析具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
1000.