Preconcentration of trace multi-elements in water samples using Dowex 50W-x8 and Chelex-100 resins prior to their determination using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES)

This work presents a solid phase extraction (SPE) method for simultaneous preconcentration of trace elements in water samples prior to their ICP-OES determination. Dowex 50W-x8 and Chelex-100 resins were used as SPE sorbent materials for preconcentration of trace Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn. The optimum sample pH, eluent concentration and sample flow rates were found to 6, 3.0 mol L⁻¹ and 3.0 mL min⁻¹, respectively. In terms of multi-element preconcentration capabilities, Dowex 50W-x8 appeared to be a better sorbent. The recoveries for all the tested analytes were >95%. However, Chelex-100 showed a better performance in terms of recovery (>95%) towards Cu, Fe and Zn. Under optimized conditions using Dowex 50W-x8, the relative standard deviations for different metals were <3%. The limits of detection and limits of quantification ranged from 0.01–0.39 μg L⁻¹ and 0.05–0.1.3 μg L⁻¹, respectively. The accuracy of the preconcentration method was confirmed by spike recovery test and the analysis of certified reference materials. The SPE method was applied for preconcentration of the analyte ions in tap water, bottled water and wastewater samples.     

埃塞俄比亚地质特征与矿产概况

通过对埃塞俄比亚地层、构造、岩浆岩及矿产分布与特征的研究,初步认为:①埃塞俄比亚的地质研究程度普遍偏低,尤其基础地质及其成矿作用和成矿规律方面急需开展重点研究。②地层单元可划分为3类,分别为前寒武纪基底岩系、晚古生代—中生代沉积岩系和第三纪—第四纪火山岩沉积岩系,大地构造位于"泛非构造带"中的东非造山带,多期次构造岩浆活动强烈。③前寒武纪变质岩区主要矿产为金、铂、稀有金属、镍、铜、铁、铬、高岭土、长石、黏土、石棉、滑石、大理岩、花岗岩等;中生代沉积岩区主要有石灰岩、砂岩、石膏、黏土、油气资源等;新生代火山岩沉积岩区主要有褐煤、蛋白石、油页岩、红土型铁矿、斑脱土、黏土矿、珍珠岩、硅藻土、钾盐、石盐、油气及地热资源等。     

兖州矿区鲍店煤矿主副井破坏原因分析

本文认为兖州矿区鲍店煤矿主、副井井筒变形破坏的根本原因是第四系下组地下水加速下降导致地层沉降而产生垂向附加应力的结果。应采取的防治措施有：①完善地下水和地面沉降监测系统；②在第四系砂层与下伏基岩接触部位进行注浆，控制下组水位下降；③对主、副井井筒进行壁后注浆加增加强度，防止进一步破坏。     

磷酸三丁酯减压微色谱柱分离锡的研究和应用

研究了磷酸三丁酯（ＴＢＰ）减压微色谱柱分离富集Ｓｎ的条件和性能。选定３ｍｍ×７０ｍｍ的微色谱柱，树脂粒度１２０～１４０目，测得静态吸附容量为２７ｍｇ／ｇ，吸附反应速率常数为３６８×１０－３；减压条件下，在１ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ介质中Ｓｎ被萃取在ＴＢＰ微色谱柱上，用２ｍＬ２ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４洗脱后即可用邻氯苯基荧光酮Ｔｗｅｅｎ２０分光光度法测定Ｓｎ含量。经标准样品验证，分离效果好，适于矿样中微量Ｓｎ测定     

流动注射—电感耦合等离子体质谱应用现状及进展

从样品引入、在线稀释、在线同位素稀释、在线气体发生、在线分离预浓集和其他在线处理手段等方面对流动注射－电感耦合等离子体质谱的应用进行了描述，对其发展进行了展望。引用文献91篇。     

交换树脂—活性炭动态吸附极谱法测定矿石中的微量铂

矿石中微量铂经 71 7阴离子交换树脂 -活性炭动态吸附富集后 ,Pt的回收率在 95 %～ 1 0 3 %。以H2 SO4-NH4Cl-六次甲基四胺 -硫酸联氨为底液 ,极谱法测定。方法经GBW系列国家标准物质分析检验 ,结果与标准值相符 ,对w(Pt) =6.4× 1 0 -9的GBW 0 72 90国家标准物质测定 7次 ,RSD =7.1 %。方法适用于矿石中Pt含量在 1 0 -6～ 1 0 -9级的测定。     

ppb-PIXE analysis of the trace-element content in precipitation

PIXE is a well established and valuable method for quantitative and qualitative aerosol elemental analysis. Using this method, we have developed a technique to simultaneously analyse the trace-element content in precipitation for elements with Z> 12. Freeze-drying and leaching was used as a nonselective preconcentration technique. A special backing foil to take up the sample liquid to be dried was developed for these experiments. By careful adjustment of the experimental parameters, we reached a detection limit lower than 1 ppb for most detected elements. Thus, it will be possible to analyze precipitation at low concentrations of trace elements which are important for air chemistry and environmental studies.Supported by DFG/Bonn under Sonderforschungsbereich 233.     

华北蓟县中、上元古界古地磁研究

本文论述了华北蓟县中、上元古界地层标准剖面古地磁采样及实验室技术,采样地层的磁性特征,多磁成分的分析和测试结果.主要讨论了蓟县中、上元古界地层所代表的古地磁极性、极移路径和古纬度,并与北美大陆及华南(扬子)地块该时期的极移路径进行对比.     

聚酰胺树脂富集分离-光度法连续测定铂和钯

试验了在柱层析操作条件下,聚酰胺树脂对铂和钯的吸附性能.结果表明,在 0.001～3.5 mol/L的HCl(或王水)介质中,聚酰胺树脂对铂和钯的吸附容量分别为20.92和19.20 mg/g,被酸性硫脲溶液洗脱后,用双十二烷基二硫代乙二酰二胺光度法测定.方法用于矿石中微量铂、钯的富集分离和测定,结果与等离子体发射光谱法及推荐值相符.铂、钯回收率均在93.7%～99.2%,相对误差分别为5.56%和4.44%.     

金橙G螯合形成树脂分离富集地质样品中微量贵金属研究Ⅱ——铑的分离富集测定

主要报道了用金橙Ｇ螯合负载形成树脂分离富集地质样品中贵金属Ｒｈ的方法。在最佳试验条件下Ｒｈ的回收率可达９５％～１０５％之间；其相对标准偏差为４．４９％；百分相对误差较小，为－２．４％；方法无系统误差；用硫脲洗脱，该负载形成树脂不被破坏，重复使用５次，树脂均未见异常，均能定量回收，回收率在９８．５％～１０４％之间，符合要求。说明，这种负载形成树脂也较稳定，也可用于实际地质样品中微量贵金属的分离富集