淅川石煤钒矿提取技术的研究

石煤提钒技术关键是钒的氧化和转化。浙川石煤中钒主要有V~(3+)和V~(4+)形式存在,以类质同象取代粘土矿物二八面体中Al~(3+)。钒的价态分布研究表明,低温时有机质和黄铁矿决定了钒的价态,在370℃(风化样)或490℃(原样)V~(3+)全部氧化至V~(4+);高于800℃V~(4+)不再氧化至V~(5+),反应处于动态平衡,此时ηV~(5+)达91％。同时讨论了氯化钠在提钒过程中的氧化和转化作用,石煤钠盐氧化焙烧提钒的最佳条件:矿:盐=100:15,800℃,30分钟,η_培为67.4％。实验表明,焙烧气氛对钒转化有很大影响,氧化—氯化焙烧技术提高η_培6％。     

观赏石及其分类

本文首先介绍了观赏石的概念,然后提出了观赏石的命名原则,进而按矿物的化学成分和晶形、岩石的成因、化石种类、陨石的化学和矿物成分、天然造型、用途等方面对观赏石进行了分类。最后阐明了观赏石是重要的自然资源。     

岩矿中稀土元素离子交换分离富集的改进及ICP—AES测定

本文通过对离子交换柱的规格改进,提高了分离效率,加快了分离速度(流速v/(ml·min~(-1)))可达1.0—1.5.结合分离富集条件的选择及ICP-AES测定方法的联用,使本法不分析周期短、所耗试剂省,且检测限低、精密度和准确度较高.经标样检验和矿样实测对比,其结果均令人满意.     

A case of no-wind plinian fallout at Pululagua caldera (Ecuador): implications for models of clast dispersal

The caldera of Pululagua is an eruptive centre of the Northern Volcanic Zone of the South American volcanic arc, located about 15 km north of Quito, Ecuador. Activity leading to formation of the caldera occurred about 2450 b.p. as a series of volcanic episodes during which an estimated 5–6 km³ (DRE) of hornblende-bearing dacitic magma was erupted. A basal pumice-fall deposit covers more than 2.2x10⁴ km² with a volume of about 1.1 km³ and represents the principal and best-preserved plinian layer. Circular patterns of isopachs and pumice, lithic and Md isopleths of the Basal Fallout (BF) around the caldera indicate emplacement in wind-free conditions. Absence of wind is confirmed by an ubiquitous, normally graded, thin ash bed at the top of the lapilli layer which originated from slow settling of fines after cessation of the plinian column (co-plinian ash). The unusual atmospheric conditions during deposition make the BF deposit particularly suitable for the application and evaluation of pyroclast dispersal models. Application of the Carey and Sparks' (1986) model shows that whereas the 3.2-, 1.6-, and 0.8-cm lithic isopleths predict a model column height of about 36 km, the 6.4-cm isopleth yields and estimate of only 21 km. The 4.9- and 6.4-cm isopleths yield a column height of 28 km using the model of Wilson and Walker (1987). The two models give the same mass discharge rate of 2x10⁸ kg s^-1. A simple exponential decrease of thickness with distance, as proposed by Pyle (1989) for plinian falls, fits well with the BF. Exponential decrease of size with distance is followed by clasts less than about 3 cm, suggesting, in agreement with Wilson and Walker (1987), that only a small proportion of large clasts reach the top of the column. Variations with distance in clast distribution patterns imply that, in order to obtain column heights by clast dispersal models, the distribution should be known from both proximal and distal zones. Knowledge of only a few isopleths, irrespective of their distance from the vent, is not sufficient as seemed justified by the method of Pyle (1989).     

Development and validation of a metallic haunch seismic retrofit solution for existing under‐designed RC frame buildings

The feasibility and efficiency of a seismic retrofit solution for existing reinforced concrete frame systems, designed before the introduction of modern seismic‐oriented design codes in the mid 1970s, is conceptually presented and experimentally investigated. A diagonal metallic haunch system is introduced at the beam–column connections to protect the joint panel zone from extensive damage and brittle shear mechanisms, while inverting the hierarchy of strength within the beam–column subassemblies and forming a plastic hinge in the beam. A complete step‐by‐step design procedure is suggested for the proposed retrofit strategy to achieve the desired reversal of strength hierarchy. Analytical formulations of the internal force flow at the beam–column‐joint level are derived for the retrofitted joints. The study is particularly focused on exterior beam–column joints, since it is recognized that they are the most vulnerable, due to their lack of a reliable joint shear transfer mechanism. Results from an experimental program carried out to validate the concept and the design procedure are also presented. The program consisted of quasi‐static cyclic tests on four exterior, ? scaled, beam–column joint subassemblies, typical of pre‐1970 construction practice using plain round bars with end‐hooks, with limited joint transverse reinforcement and detailed without capacity design considerations. The first (control specimen) emulated the as‐built connection while the three others incorporated the proposed retrofitted configurations. The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed solution for upgrading non‐seismically designed RC frames and also confirmed the applicability of the proposed design procedure and of the analytical derivations. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大面积深厚杂填土地基处理技术

通过一项具体的工程实例,论述了深厚杂填土地基的基本工程特性。介绍了一种处理深厚杂填土地基的新技术———重锤冲扩挤密灰渣土桩复合地基技术,并对施工过程的控制,以及施工效果的检测结果进行了分析,得出了对于大面积深厚杂填土地基采用此技术处理后,能够消除地基深部湿陷性,复合地基承载力可以满足200 kPa。     

Numerical simulation of ground anchors

A procedure of finite-element modeling and beam-column modeling of ground anchors was proposed in this study to investigate the load transfer mechanism in ground anchors. The procedure included the modeling of soil, grout, and strand tendon and the interface modeling of soil–grout and grout–strand in ground anchors. A series of finite element analyses and beam-column analyses were performed using the proposed models on ground anchors. The numerical predictions were compared with observed measurements in a field load test. The results indicated that the numerical simulation of load transfer mechanism on ground anchors can provide reasonable predictions.     

定向钻进技术在陷落柱治理中的应用

为治理龙庞矿陷落柱实水事故，采用螺杆钻进技术在陷落柱南缘设计施工两个定向井Z5-1及Z5—2。以Z5-1定向井为例，使用Ф117．6mm钻头，采用优质化学泥浆，钻压35～40kN，随钻钻进至480m后改为回转钻进，在稳斜钻具钻到516．45m处进行水泥浆堵漏，边堵漏边钻进，并且每钻进10m左右测斜一次，直到中靶。     

改善钢筋混凝土短柱抗震性能的研究

简要介绍了改善钢筋混凝土短柱抗震性能的若干措施。为进一步提高短柱的抗震性能，本文提出了内藏“斜向劲性核心束”矩形截面混凝土短柱，并进行了7根短柱的抗震性能试验研究，试验表明，内藏“斜向劲性核心束”矩形截面混凝土短柱比普通矩形截面短柱的抗震性能显著提高。     

钢管高强混凝土叠合柱的抗震性能研究

通过周期性往复试验,研究了钢管高混凝土叠合柱柱的破坏形态,耗能能力、延性、承载力以及各种组成部分共同工作等内容,并与钢管高强混凝土核心柱进行了对比;随后通过计算,讨论了叠合柱中有关参数对其极限承载力和影响;最后给出了叠合柱正截面极限承载力的简化计算方法。