SIMULATION OF STRONG GROUND MOTION IN AKETAO M6.7 EARTHQUAKE USING THEORETICAL GREEN'S FUNCTION

Aketao M6.7 earthquake on November 25, 2016 occurred in Aketao Country, Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Autonomous Region. In this paper, according to the focal mechanism solution, the geometrical parameters of the fault are used as input to simulate the acceleration records of the surrounding area of Aketao M6.7 earthquake on November 25, 2016 with the QSGRN/QSCMP program. The peak ground acceleration distribution is plotted by extracted peak ground accelerations and site condition correction. Comparison is carried out between the observed waveforms and the simulated waveforms in the time domain and the frequency domain of two strong motion stations. It is verified that the amplitudes of simulated and observed data are equal in magnitude, their calculated residuals are smaller in low frequency range and the spectral characteristics of simulated and observed data are consistent. Furthermore, the simulated peak ground acceleration corresponding to the coordinates of the actual survey points is extracted and compared with the survey spot intensity, and both have good correspondence. This paper attempts to provide a method for rapid output of peak ground acceleration distribution after an earthquake, so as to provide a method for estimating the seismic impact field in areas where the monitoring station is scarce, the topography is complex or it is difficult to implement the rapid earthquake disaster investigation. And it also provides supporting information for rapid assessment of earthquake disaster and emergency decision-making.     

Second‐mode tuned mass dampers in base‐isolated structures for reduction of floor acceleration

To reduce floor acceleration of base‐isolated structures under earthquakes, a tuned mass damper (TMD) system installed on the roof is studied. The optimal tuning parameters of the TMD are analyzed for linear base isolation under a generalized ground motion, and the performance of the TMD is validated using a suite of recorded ground motions. The simulation shows that a TMD tuned to the second mode of a base‐isolated structure reduces roof acceleration more effectively than a TMD tuned to the first mode. The reduction ratio, defined as the maximum roof acceleration with the TMD relative to that without the TMD, is approximately 0.9 with the second‐mode TMD. The higher effectiveness of the second‐mode TMD relative to the first‐mode TMD is attributed primarily to the unique characteristics of base isolation, ie, the relatively long first‐mode period and high base damping. The modal acceleration of the second mode is close to or even higher than that of the first mode in base‐isolated structures. The larger TMD mass ratio and lower modal damping ratio of the second‐mode TMD compared to the first‐mode TMD increases its effect on modal acceleration reduction. The reduction ratio with the second‐mode TMD improves to 0.8 for bilinear base isolation. Because of the detuning effect caused by the change in the first‐mode period in bilinear isolation, the first‐mode TMD is ineffective in reducing roof acceleration. Additionally, the displacement experienced by the second‐mode TMD is considerably smaller than that of the first‐mode TMD, thereby reducing the installation space for the TMD.     

全球强震与地球自转角加速度变化过程关系统计研究

统计分析了1962—2017年全球强震活动与地球自转角加速度变化过程的关系, 结果显示, 全球8级以上地震发生在地球自转角加速度下降期的概率相对自然概率高出12%, 达到64%, 统计结果具有显著性, 但7.5级和7.8级以上地震的统计结果没有显著性。 分区统计结果表明, 全球强震活动具有明显的区域性特征: 在地球自转角加速度上升期, 高于自然概率的强震主要分布在阿尔卑斯带中西段、 环太平洋地震带的琉球—菲律宾地区以及中国东部; 在地球自转角加速度下降期, 高于自然概率的强震主要分布在环太平洋地震带、 阿尔卑斯带中段(喜马拉雅弧)、 阿尔卑斯带东段(印尼岛弧海沟)以及中亚大陆地区。 分析认为地球自转角加速度变化过程与全球区域地震活动之间存在较强的相关性, 可能与地球自转角加速度变化引起板块间相互作用的强弱有关。     

2016年10月20日江苏射阳M4.4地震的强震动记录分析

对2016年10月20日江苏射阳M4.4地震的强震动记录进行初步分析,介绍强震动记录的一些基本特征。与ShakMap小震回归公式的预测数据比较,发现实际观测值总体高于预测值。通过对强震动记录的反应谱分析,认为本次地震对震中区建筑的影响轻微。在地震动等值线图产出过程中,采用数据偏差校正、场地效应及空间插值方法,使地震动等值线图的空间表达更为合理。其等值线图长轴呈北西向,与此次地震的主破裂面方向一致。结合地震现场调查结果,讨论了震中区的烈度分布与仪器烈度。     

地形效应对于核电场地地震反应分析影响研究

目前,在进行核电场地安全性评价时,主要采用一维等效线性化程序LSSRLI-1,而一维等效线性化方法在考虑地形效应时有很大的局限性,特别是在研究场地地形效应的影响时偏差较大。对于抗震设计要求远高于一般建筑的核电站来说,选用合适的方法进行二维建模分析是非常必要的。选取了某核电场地典型剖面15个钻孔资料,在MIDAS二维等效线性分析环境下进行了建模,并选取了以年超越概率10^-4合成的地震动中10条最大样本时程作为基底输入进行分析。通过与LSSRLI-1的计算结果进行对比,研究了地形效应对地表和核岛基础处（8.5m）加速度反应谱的影响,并提出了设计建议。分析得出:二维分析中地形效应对地表加速度最大值反应谱的双峰形态影响较大,并且计算结果对AP1000谱的超越情况有所变化;对核岛基础处（8.5m）峰值加速度的影响程度比地表要小,没有表现双峰形态变化较大的形态。     

Geophysical flows under location uncertainty,Part III SQG and frontal dynamics under strong turbulence conditions

Models under location uncertainty are derived assuming that a component of the velocity is uncorrelated in time. The material derivative is accordingly modified to include an advection correction, inhomogeneous and anisotropic diffusion terms and a multiplicative noise contribution. This change can be consistently applied to all fluid dynamics evolution laws. This paper continues to explore benefits of this framework and consequences of specific scaling assumptions. Starting from a Boussinesq model under location uncertainty, a model is developed to describe a mesoscale flow subject to a strong underlying submesoscale activity. Specifically, turbulent diffusion and rotation effects have similar orders of magnitude. As obtained, the geostrophic balance is modified and the Quasi-Geostrophic assumptions remarkably lead to a zero Potential Vorticity. The ensuing Surface Quasi-Geostrophic model provides a simple diagnosis of warm frontolysis and cold frontogenesis.     

2019年10月28日甘肃夏河5.7级地震强地面运动特征分析

2019年10月28日甘肃省夏河县发生5.7级地震,中国数字强震动台网的18个专业台站在此次地震中触发。本文处理捕获的54条三分向加速度记录,给出近场台站的地震动参数,绘制了震中附近区域峰值加速度等值线图,其长轴呈WN-ES方向展布。将实际观测数据与几种常用地震动衰减关系对比,发现俞言祥^[1]短轴衰减预测模型能更好地反映此次地震的影响场。将振幅较大的62LBL、62BLX台的反应谱与我国抗震设计反应谱比较,采用最小二乘法拟合出不同震中距5个台站各周期谱加速度衰减特性,总结了此次地震的反应谱基本特征。运用H/V谱比法对4个典型台站进行场地地震反应分析,研究了局部场地条件对峰值加速度和峰值速度的影响过程。     

交通荷载及其对紧邻基坑支护结构影响的现场实测分析

目前对交通荷载对深基坑围护结构的影响研究尚处于起步阶段。本文通过对某深基坑工程交通荷载以及交通荷载作用下深基坑围护结构振动加速度及桩后动土压力的现场实测研究,给出了坑边车辆荷载计算经验公式,并分析了车辆荷载大小、行驶速度等因素对基坑围护结构振动特性及动土压力的影响规律。结果表明:在地表面处,车辆荷载产生的振动以竖直向为主;车辆荷载的大小将直接影响围护结构振动加速度幅值及动土压力大小;车辆行驶速度不同,车辆振动产生的峰值加速度和土体惯性力也不同,从而使得基坑围护结构桩后动土压力也不同,车辆行驶速度越大,基坑围护结构振动峰值加速度及动土压力也越大;车辆交通荷载对基坑围护结构的影响将随着距离的增加而衰减。研究所得结果可供相关基坑工程设计施工参考。     

地震边坡动态临界加速度计算中抗剪强度参数概率分布分析

基于动态临界加速度计算地震边坡永久位移的方法应用了边坡分布的不均匀性,不均匀分布程度影响着永久位移计算结果。研究Newmark滑块底部或潜在滑动面上抗剪强度参数的分布特征,有利于了解地震过程中临界加速度的分布和变化过程,为地震边坡永久位移计算参数选取提供依据。通过计算发现：边坡土体标准差的线性关系比较微弱,在缺乏实验数据时,仅可参考使用;黏聚力随机数个数达到200时所计算的永久位移数值不再有波动;黏聚力无论设置为正态分布还是对数正态分布均不影响永久位移计算结果;黏聚力标准差的数值大小对永久位移的大小和离散性影响很大。在地震边坡计算时,尽量将其设置为符合正态分布;尽量根据实测数据设定黏聚力标准差,若缺乏实测资料,可参考两者的线性关系并结合经验进行标准差设定。     

G7公路甘肃段爆破施工对土遗址震动影响的检测与分析

近年来土遗址受城市建设和交通施工损害的现象时有发生,对于这些人为因素对遗址的影响缺乏有效的检测与评估手段。本文基于G7高速公路的爆破振动观测,进行质点峰值加速度和峰值速度的衰减分析,开展爆破震动对附近明水军事要塞土遗址震动影响的研究。通过对竖向、水平向的振动加速度和速度的观测和数据分析,得出不同药量条件下,对应相同质点的震动峰值加速度衰减规律。提出了公路爆破附近土遗址震动控制范围和最大药量的施工建议,为爆破附近有土遗址的施工提供了数据支持,相应的结论和建议可以在同类土遗址保护中参考使用。