北秦岭两河口岩体的地球化学特征及其成因

北秦岭西段新元古代两河口岩体,岩性为眼球状片麻状二长花岗岩,含少量黑云母、角闪石及榍石,属钾质钙碱性花岗岩类;主量元素SiO_2=68.48%～72.45%,K_2O/Na_2O=1.35～2.07,为钾质;在K_2O-SiO_2关系图上投入高钾钙碱性区;A/CNK介于1.03～1.31,总体为钾质钙碱性弱过铝质花岗岩。岩石富集LILE元素(K、Th、Rb、Ba等),亏损HFSE元素(Ta、Nb、Y、Yb等);稀土元素总量较高(∑REE=126.82×10~(-6)～267.359×10~(-6)),轻重稀土强烈分馏(∑LREE/∑HREE= 5.447～8.894),稀土元素分配模式为轻稀土富集型,具中等程度Eu负异常(δEu=0.417～0.621)。微量、稀土元素分配模式与北秦岭东部的碰撞型德河岩体、寨根岩体及牛角山岩体一致。Pb-Sr-Nd同位素组成具低的ε_(Nd)=-3.9180～-6.0064、较高的~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr(t)=0.70760～0.71675、富放射性成因Pb同位素组成,模式年龄t_(DM)=1849.73～2022.79Ma,指示两河口岩体源岩特征与秦岭岩群、马衔山群相近,岩浆源区为下地壳成因。结合区域资料,认为两河口岩体形成于同碰撞末期—后碰撞初期的构造转换时期;这一认识细化了北秦岭新元古代碰撞造山过程;其所确立的汇聚碰撞时间与我国晋宁运动时限一致;为研究中国古陆块在新元古代时期汇聚时限、过程、方式及Rodinia超大陆事件在秦岭地区的响应提供了重要证据。     

Structural,AMS and geochronological study of a laccolith emplaced during Late Variscan orogenic extension: the Rocles pluton (SE French Massif Central)

In the southern French Massif Central, the Rocles leucogranite of Variscan age consists of three petrographic facies; textural analysis shows that they experienced the same subsolidus deformation. New chemical U-Th-Pb dating on monazite yielded 324 ± 4 Ma and 325 ± 5 Ma ages for muscovite-rich and biotite-rich facies respectively. AMS-study results agree with petrostructural observations. The magnetic planar and linear fabrics, which correspond to the preferred orientation of biotite and muscovite, are consistent with the foliation and lineation defined by the preferred mineral orientation. This fabric developed during pluton emplacement. The accordance of this granite foliation with that observed in the host rock, suggests that the Rocles pluton is a laccolith, but its present geometry resulted from post-emplacement southward tilting due to the uplift of the Late Carboniferous Velay dome. Restoration of the primary geometry of the pluton and its country-rocks to a flat-lying attitude places the granite lineation close to the trend measured in other plutons of the area. This restoration further supports the interpretation of the Rocles laccolith as a pluton emplaced along a tectonic contact reactivated during the late-orogenic collapse of the Variscan Belt.     

大别山北部磨子潭变质英云闪长岩内的暗色包体

大别山北部磨子潭附近新元古代英云闪长岩内包裹有许多暗色包体,其中可能保存有该区地壳早期演化的一些信息。对其中三个比较大的包体进行初步研究,发现它们的组成矿物主要为有闪石和长石,此外还含有少量绿泥石和不透明铁质矿物。这些包体可能遭受与晓天－磨子潭断裂有关的比较强烈的后变质糜棱岩化,但没有同变质或后期的脉体,岩石化学分析结果表明,其ＳｉＯ２含量为４９．１０％－５３．２７％,ＴｉＯ２为０．７４％－１．３     

Reaction‐induced nucleation and growth v. grain coarsening in contact metamorphic,impure carbonates

The understanding of the evolution of microstructures in a metamorphic rock requires insights into the nucleation and growth history of individual grains, as well as the coarsening processes of the entire aggregate. These two processes are compared in impure carbonates from the contact metamorphic aureole of the Adamello pluton (N‐Italy). As a function of increasing distance from the pluton contact, the investigated samples have peak metamorphic temperatures ranging from the stability field of diopside/tremolite down to diagenetic conditions. All samples consist of calcite as the dominant matrix phase, but additionally contain variable amounts of other minerals, the so‐called second phases. These second phases are mostly silicate minerals and can be described in a KCMASHC system (K₂O, CaO, MgO, Al₂O₃, SiO₂, H₂O, CO₂), but with variable K/Mg ratios. The modelled and observed metamorphic evolution of these samples are combined with the quantification of the microstructures, i.e. mean grain sizes and crystal size distributions. Growth of the matrix phase and second phases strongly depends on each other owing to coupled grain coarsening. The matrix phase is controlled by the interparticle distances between the second phases, while the second phases need the matrix grain boundary network for mass transfer processes during both grain coarsening and mineral reactions. Interestingly, similar final mean grain sizes of primary second phase and second phases newly formed by nucleation are observed, although the latter formed later but at higher temperatures. Moreover, different kinetic processes, attributed to different driving forces for growth of the newly nucleated grains in comparison with coarsening processes of the pre‐existing phases, must have been involved. Chemically induced driving forces of grain growth during reactions are orders of magnitudes larger compared to surface energy, allowing new reaction products subjected to fast growth rates to attain similar grain sizes as phases which underwent long‐term grain coarsening. In contrast, observed variations in grain size of the same mineral in samples with a similar T–t history indicate that transport properties depend not only on the growth and coarsening kinetics of the second phases but also on the microstructure of the dominant matrix phase during coupled grain coarsening. Resulting microstructural phenomena such as overgrowth and therefore preservation of former stable minerals by the matrix phase may provide new constraints on the temporal variation of microstructures and provide a unique source for the interpretation of the evolution of metamorphic microstructures.     

西准噶尔别鲁阿嘎希花岗闪长岩年代学、地球化学特征及岩石成因

为更深入了解西准噶尔晚古生代岩浆活动和构造背景,对位于西准噶尔中部的别鲁阿嘎希岩体开展了年代学、地球化学以及Sr-Nd同位素研究,讨论了岩石成因、源区性质和构造背景.别鲁阿嘎希花岗闪长岩为钙碱性系列岩石,岩浆锆石结晶年龄为318.7±3.3 Ma.其具相对高的MgO(Mg#=49~59)、Ni、Cr含量,富集大离子亲石元素(如K、Rb、Sr和Ba)、亏损高强场元素(如Nb、Ta、Ti),轻重稀土元素分异不明显.Sr-Nd同位素特征显示,其有较低的初始Sr比值(0.704 297~0.704 399),较高的ε_Nd(t)值(5.8~6.5).通过综合分析,认为在晚石炭世早期,达尔布特洋壳(板片)俯冲至地幔楔下部,俯冲洋壳板片脱水所产生的流体在上升过程中与地幔楔共同作用,底侵加热由亏损地幔形成不久的年轻地壳(由洋壳和岛弧组成),使其部分熔融形成了别鲁阿嘎希分异I型花岗岩.      

河北承德甲山正长岩成因的Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素制约

报道了华北克拉通北缘承德地区甲山正长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素、主微量元素、Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成。甲山岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为111~108 Ma,代表岩体的结晶年龄,表明其侵位于早白垩世晚期。岩体高Si O2、K2O+Na2O、Al2O3、LILEs(Rb、K)和LREE,低Fe2O3T、Ca O、Ti O2、Mg O和HFSE,具有板内裂谷岩浆岩的特征,属A型花岗岩。甲山岩体εNd(t)=-5.0~-0.9,tDM2(Nd)=0.98~1.31 Ga;εHf(t)=-2.7~+4.3,tDM2(Hf)=0.90~1.33 Ga;Δ8/4=84.9~91.3,Δ7/4=-6.4~-4.0,(206Pb/204Pb)i=16.63~17.10,(207Pb/204Pb)i=15.24~15.30,(208Pb/204Pb)i=36.54~37.20。根据野外地质观察、实验岩石学以及元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-PbHf同位素示踪的综合分析,认为甲山岩体可能起源于下地壳与亏损地幔的混合源区,是华北克拉通北缘岩石圈强烈减薄、地壳伸展作用的结果。早白垩世甲山岩体形成过程中亏损地幔物质的参与指示了华北克拉通北缘岩石圈减薄和软流圈地幔上涌,记录了陆内伸展环境下与软流圈底侵作用相关的岩浆事件。     

江南造山带东段含钨岩体地球化学特征

江南造山带东段燕山晚期含钨的东源岩体与非含钨的旌德岩体、桃岭岩体,其地球化学特征具有埃达克质岩的亲缘性,是先前(新元古代)交代的岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融底侵到壳幔过渡带附近,导致加厚下地壳发生部分熔融的产物,可能与少量的幔源岩浆发生岩浆混合作用。含矿岩体与非含矿岩体存在不同的Sr-Nd同位素组成,表明含矿与非含矿岩体具有不同的源区。锆石LA-ICPMS定年显示含矿的东源岩体侵位时间147 Ma,非含矿岩体侵位时间140 Ma。含矿岩体的副矿物组合以独居石+辉钼矿+白钨矿+白钨矿+电气石为特征。岩体中富含成矿元素、富挥发分、富钾,黑云母中富F、低Fe和fO2,斜长石以钠长石为主,均可作为含矿花岗(斑)岩体的重要地球化学参数。     

内蒙古苏尼特左旗北达布锡勒图岩体主微量元素地球化学特征及成因探讨

达布锡勒图岩体位于华北板块与西伯利亚板块兴蒙造山带中的二连-贺根山缝合线北侧附近.通过对岩体各类岩性样品进行稀土和微量元素含量分析,结果显示,花岗闪长岩类(包括黑云花岗闪长岩和花岗闪长岩)成因类型为I-S过渡型花岗岩,成岩岩浆可能为大洋俯冲板片和上覆陆壳变杂砂岩部分融熔的混合岩浆,花岗岩类(包括二长花岗岩、黑云花岗岩和钾长花岗岩)为S-型花岗岩,原岩为变质泥岩,均产出于大陆弧构造环境,非埃达克质岩石.     

Identification of the Early Jurassic mylonitic granitic pluton and tectonic implications in Namling area,southern Tibet

A number of studies revealed that the Gangdese magmatic belt of southern Tibet was closely related to the northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere and Indo-Asian collision.However,pre-Cretaceous magmatism is still poorly constrained in the Gangdese magmatic belt,southern Tibet.Here,we conducted systematically geochronology and geochemistry studies on a newly-identified granitic pluton in the middle Gangdese magmatic belt(Namling area),southern Tibet.Zircon SHRIMPⅡU-Pb dating for one representative sample gives a weighted age of 184.2±1.8 Ma(MSWD=±1.11),corresponding to emplacement and crystallization age of the granitic pluton in the Early Jurassic(Pliensbachian).High SiO2(68.9-72.1 wt.%)contents and intermediate Mg#values(35-38)together suggest that the newly-identified granitic pluton was probably formed by partial melting of crustal material with minor injection of mantle-derived magma,precluding an origin from melting of metasedimentary rocks that are characterized by low Mg#and high zirconδ^18O values(>8‰).Geochemically,the newly-identified granitic pluton belongs to typical I-type granitic affinity,whereas this is inconsistent with aluminium saturation index(ASI=A/CNK ratios)and geochemical signatures.This suggests that zircon oxygen isotopes(4.30‰-5.28‰)and mineral features(lacking Al-rich minerals)are reliable indicators for discriminating granitic origin.Significantly depleted whole-rock Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic compositions and zirconεHf(t)values indicate that the granitic pluton was derived from partial melting of depleted arc-type lavas.In addition,the granitic pluton shows zirconδ^18O values ranging from 4.30‰to 5.28‰(with a mean value of 4.77‰)that are consistent with mantle-derived zircon values(5.3‰±0.6‰)within the uncertainties,indicating that the granitic pluton might have experienced weak short-living high-temperature hydrous fluid-rock interaction.Combined with the Sr-Nd-Hf-O isotopes and geochemical signatures,we propose that the newly-identified granitic pluton was originated from partial melting of depleted mafic lower crust,and experienced only negligible wall-rock contamination during ascent.Integrated with published data,we also propose that the initial subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere occurred no later than the Pliensbachian of the Early Jurassic.     

西准噶尔宝贝岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学与地球化学

宝贝岩体位于新疆西准噶尔南部的晚古生代达尔布特中酸性岩浆岩带中,其主要岩性为花岗斑岩。通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,结合锆石阴极发光图像（CL）和U、Th元素特征,获得宝贝岩体的年龄为297±10 Ma （MSWD = 14）,时代属晚石炭世晚期。花岗斑岩为典型的斑状结构,斑晶以斜长石、条纹长石和石英为主;岩石中SiO₂含量为74.59%～76.26%、全碱变化于8.13%～8.63%;铝饱和指数A/CNK为1.00～1.02,属弱过铝质;岩石轻稀土富集且轻重稀土元素分馏明显,（La/Yb）_N为1.54～3.05,负Eu异常（δEu为0.25～0.53）;富集Rb、Th、U、K和LREE等大离子亲石元素,而贫Ba、Nb、Sr、P、Ti等元素,属高钾钙碱性Ⅰ型花岗岩系列。根据岩体的成因类型并结合区域构造环境演化,分析认为西准噶尔不仅在晚石炭世早期存在与俯冲作用相关的岛弧花岗岩,在晚石炭世晚期-早二叠纪早期也存在持续俯冲作用,在此环境下形成了与俯冲作用相关的岛弧型宝贝花岗斑岩。