Parametric interpolation method for probabilistic fatigue analysis of steel risers

Slender marine structures such as mooring lines and risers are susceptible to failures due to stress variations coming from environmental actions. Wave, wind and current are random phenomena, and consequently the most adequate methodology to estimate the fatigue damage accumulation on these structures is the probabilistic fatigue analysis. In practice, the estimation of fatigue life requires the numerical simulation of a huge number of loading cases to compute the multi-dimensional integral of the total fatigue damage.This paper presents an efficient approach to compute the long-term fatigue damage of marine structures. The proposed method needs only a few number of numerical simulations to estimate the structure fatigue life. It uses a parametric interpolation procedure to evaluate the fatigue damage for any individual short-term condition (sea state) required in the calculation of the multi-dimensional integral. In this way, the total number of short-term structural analyzes is considerably reduced.The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method is compared to the full direct integration by means of two comprehensive examples. The first studied case is an idealized theoretical model of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system under wave loading, and the second one is a Steel Catenary Riser (SCR) connected to a FPSO (Floating, Production, Storage and Offloading floating unit).     

材料表面性质对微生物附着行为的影响

利用荧光显微镜计数法,研究了微生物在4种不同材料表面的初始附着行为,对微生物附着进行了定量描述,初步获得以下结果:(1)不同材料表面,细菌的附着量呈现如下差异:316L不锈钢＞PVC＞玻璃,在有机硅材料(道康宁T2)表面的附着变动性很大;(2)同种材料表面,不同细菌的附着量也不同,表现为:Shewanella oneidensis MR-1菌株和Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1菌株均大于Escherichia coli JM 109菌株.并由此对其附着差异和影响因素进行了讨论.     

大跨斜拉桥悬臂端钢箱梁上监测点高程测量新方法

在斜拉桥的主梁施工中,需要高精度测量悬臂端钢箱梁的高程。随着悬臂的增长,桥面的晃动越来越大,水准仪读数的难度也越来越大,甚至读不出数据;同时由于梁面上施工设备的影响,测量的难度很大,时间也很长。本文提出采用Leica TCA2003全站仪测量高差和水准仪测量工作基点高程相结合的方法,测量钢箱梁上监测点的高程,通过理论分析和对比实验证明了该方法的可行性。     

南京长江二桥南汊桥主塔基础钢围堰施工测量

对大型斜拉桥主塔基础钢围堰的制作、并装、定位及下沉的施工测量作了全面论述。包括大型双壁钢围堰的底节制作、拼装接高、基准面传递、精密定位着床、吸泥下沉至着岩、清基及竣工测量。旨在为大型斜拉桥建设提供可知后主塔基础钢围堰施测方法。     

某公路隧道不同纤维混凝土支护结构性能比较

软弱、破碎围岩的公路隧道支护一直是困扰公路隧道施工的技术难题。结合三里冲软弱围岩公路隧道工程地质条件和隧道开挖设计参数,采用FLAC软件对钢纤维混凝土锚喷和聚丙烯纤维混凝土锚喷2种初期支护结构进行数值模拟研究。从应力、位移和塑性区3个方面分析隧道围岩的稳定性。计算结果表明,聚丙烯纤维混凝土锚喷支护结构能充分发挥围岩自承载能力,提高隧道的稳定性,能有效减少二次衬砌混凝土的厚度。     

CIPP紫外线固化施工的质量验收方法

本文概要论述了排水管道CIPP拉入法内衬修复技术采用紫外线固化的工艺过程、技术优势;并根据紫外线固化工艺存在的技术缺陷,提出了有针对性的可操作的质量验收方法,希望对管道业主同仁们在紫外线固化工程验收时有所助益,以进一步促进管道非开挖修复事业在我国的健康发展。     

Modeling pressure pipe embedded in two-layer soil by a half-plane BEM

In this paper, an elastostatic half-plane boundary element method (BEM) formulation was applied to analyze the stress behavior of underground pressure pipes, embedded in two-layer soils. In the use of this method, only the boundary of pipe and interfaces were required to be discretized. In this regard, first, a computer code was prepared based on a multi-region substructuring process in the BEM scheme. Then, the efficiency and applicability of the method as well as the prepared algorithm were verified by solving some practical examples and comparing the results with those of the published works. Finally, a parametric study was done to evaluate the effect of pipe depth and determine the soil stress distribution. The studies showed that the half-plane BEM was in good agreement with the existing solutions and its capability was very favorable for elastostatic problems including semi-infinite domain. It is obvious that this method can be practically used to analyze the geotechnical underground buildings in substituting the full-plane BEM formulation.     

网架减震球型钢支座减震性能振动台试验研究

针对网架结构的受力特点,提出了一种新型网架减震球型钢支座.按照相似原理制作了网架减震球型钢支座的缩尺模型,并通过模拟地震振动台试验系统地研究了这种支座在地震作用下的减隔震性能.试验结果表明,网架减震球型钢支座能够有效阻隔地震动向上部结构的传递,滞回环饱满、等效阻尼比大,具有良好的隔震及减震耗能能力.     

Steel stocks and flows of global merchant fleets as material base of international trade from 1980 to 2050

Exploring the dynamic changes of steel from the ships is critical for developing sustainable strategies for waste management of shipping industry. However, the information of stocks and flows of ships and related steel is currently unavailable, hindering the sustainable development of shipping industry. By collecting dispersed information on production, use, material composition, and end-of-life management of five types ships, we first estimated the historical steel stocks and flows respect to global ships from 1980 to 2019, and further projected the amount of steel scraps from shipbreaking by 2050. The steel stocks of ships increased by 2.6 times from 208.4 Mt in 1980 to 542.9 Mt in 2019. The top 2 regional contributors, Asia and Latin America & the Caribbean, were together responsible for about half of the total increase. A transition from oil tankers to container ships and bulk carriers reduced the in-use steel stock due to the lower steel intensity of the latter. The rapid increase of ship stocks after year 1980 led to significant increase of steel scrap in the 2010 s, reaching 10.1 Mt/year in 2019. Our projections showed that the steel from scrapped ships worldwide will increase by around 4-fold to 40.4–47.3 Mt/year by 2050, which imposed a great challenge on coordination of recycling ship-related steel and require long-term planning on ship recycling facility development. By identifying the stocks and flows of ships and related steel, this study provides insights for the steel waste and recycling management of end-of-life ships worldwide.     

不锈钢内衬技术在江阴市供水管网改造中的应用

本文结合不锈钢内衬技术在江阴市玻璃钢供水管道改造中的应用,介绍了不锈钢内衬玻璃钢管施工工艺流程和施工技术措施,分析了不锈钢内衬施工效果和优势。展望了不锈钢内衬技术在城市供水管网改造中的应用前景。