黑龙江省气象台新一代短期天气预报业务系统

新一代短期天气预报业务系统建立了人机交互工作平台,包括１３个子系统和子功能模块。建立了预报业务技术流程,经过１１个步骤完成一次预报制作。新系统与原来的业务运行机制和作业流程的主要区别是,所有的工作在工作平台上完成,大大提高了业务现代化水平。     

交叉裂隙渗流无网格法初探

作为两相介质的裂隙岩体,裂隙渗流是岩体渗流的主体。由于岩体的网状裂隙用传统的方法难以模拟复杂裂隙系统的水流特征。为此,基于岩体随机裂隙三维网络数值模拟,提取裂隙二维网络,并试用基于移动最小二乘近似的最小二乘法之无网格法来模拟岩体中交叉裂隙的渗流规律,通过自行编制的程序进行了简单示例与工程实例的试算,获得了较好的模拟结果,证实了无网格法模拟岩体裂隙流的可行性。     

中国湖泊综合分类原则、级别划分及分类程序之初探

在略述了国内外湖泊分类研究现状的基础上.探讨了开展我国湖泊综合分类的原则、级别划分以及综合分类所应遵循的程序。主导因素与综合因素相结合,建立分类的主导标志,是湖泊综合分类系统中高层次分类的关键;区域相似性(相对一致性)与差异性的对比分析是低层次分类的重要环节。在此基础上.还应充分考虑到人类经济活动的方式与强度对湖泊诸自然因素的影响,以便使湖泊综合分类工作既具有理论上的意义,同时又具有实用价值。级别划分应从以下标准衡量:分类结果是否能充分揭示或反映出湖泊所具有的区域综合特性以及地貌、水文、化学、生物等各因子之间的有机联系和相互影响;能否展示出湖泊的动态变化和今后的演变趋势;是否简明扼要,便于实际应用。工作程序可大致分解为四个相对独立又彼此有着紧密联系的阶段,即系统搜集与占有资料、资料分析整理与单因子分类、综合分类、理论诠释。     

Methodology for mapping shallow groundwater quality in urbanized areas: A case study from Lithuania

Cities have a negative impact on the quality of shallow groundwater. Many of Lithuania's urban residents drink water from dug wells. Moreover, polluted shallow groundwater contaminates deeper aquifers of fresh drinking water. Therefore, this situation should be controlled and managed, as far as possible. In order to evaluate the quality of shallow groundwater in an urban area and to create an optimal monitoring system, an original methodology for groundwater mapping has been proposed. It resembles the GIS (geographical information system) technologies. The set of maps, laid one over another, consists of the following: (1) urbanization map, (2) geological-hydrogeological map, (3) groundwater chemistry map, (4) resulting groundwater chemistry factorial analysis map, and (5) pollution and pollutant transport map. The data obtained from studies on dug and geotechnical wells have been used for compilation of the maps. The system for shallow groundwater monitoring in the city with an area of 70 sq km and a population of 140,000 is proposed to consist of about 30 monitoring wells and several dug wells.     

沉淀法废催化剂中铂回收工艺的研究

沉淀法回收了氧化铝为载体的含铂催化剂中的铂，该回收工艺折算成纯铂的回收率为７９～９４％，回收得海绵状铂的纯度为７２．９～９９．５％。