科其喀尔冰川冰面湖温度变化及其热机制

基于2007年7～9月对科其喀尔冰川消融区冰面湖、表碛、裸冰的温度和消融观测,分析三者的温度变化特征及其差异,探讨冰面湖的热机制.结果表明:科其喀尔冰川冰面湖表层水温受瞬时天气状况影响明显,变化趋势与气温一致,但不如气温变化剧烈并有1～3h滞后性;由于白天冰川融水注入与表层暖水混合下沉,深层湖水在一天的14～16时左右...     

Research Agenda for Understanding Transboundary Ecosystem Changes and Eco-security in Southwestern China

Introduction One of the foremost challenges facing the world in the 21st century is maintaining global ecosystem diversity. This requires thorough understanding of ecosystem vulnerability and resilience. Economic globalization has forced nations to consid…     

Mesozoic plutons of the Yidun Arc, SW China: U/Pb geochronology and Hf isotopic signature

The Yidun Arc is a Triassic volcanic arc located between the Songpan Garzê Fold Belt and the Qiangtang Block, southwest China. To constrain the age of a number of the major granitic plutons from the Yidun Arc, laser ablation ICP-MS U/Pb analysis of zircon was conducted. Hafnium isotope data was also acquired through laser-ablation multicollector ICPMS analysis of zircon, with the aim of gaining insight into the age and nature of the source region of the plutons. Three age groups have been identified from seven granite samples: Early–Middle Triassic ( 245 to 229 Ma), Late Triassic ( 219 to 216 Ma) and Cretaceous ( 105 to 95 Ma). Hafnium analysis shows the Triassic granites to have negative and variable ε_Hf values and Mesoproterozoic ( 1.6 Ga) depleted-mantle model ages, which is interpreted to reflect derivation from an isotopically heterogeneous, largely crustal source. The Cretaceous granite shows higher and less variable ε_Hf values and slightly younger model ages ( 1.3 Ga), and is interpreted to be derived from melting of a more homogeneous crustal source. A depleted-mantle model age of  1.5 Ga is calculated from the pooled Triassic and Cretaceous samples. The source region for these magmas may be tentatively correlated with Mesoproterozoic material of the Yangtze Craton, which has been suggested to underlie the Yidun Arc; however, further work is necessary to demonstrate this suggestion.     

Influence of transboundary air pollution on air quality in southwestern China

Air pollution is a grand challenge of our time due to its multitude of adverse impacts on environment and society,with the scale of impacts more severe in developing countries,including China.Thus,China has initiated and implemented strict air pollution control measures over last several years to reduce impacts of air pollution.Monitoring data from Jan 2015 to Dec 2019 on six criteria air pollutants(SO2,NO2,CO,O3,PM2.5,and PM1o)at eight sites in southwestern China were investigated to understand the situation and analyze the impacts of transboundary air pollutants in this region.In terms of seasonal variation,the maximum concentrations of air pollutants at these sites were observed in winter or spring season depending on individual site.For diurnal variation,surface ozone peaked in the afternoon while the other pollutants had a bimodal pattern with peaks in the morning and late afternoon.There was limited trans-port of domestic emissions of air pollutants in China to these sites.Local emissions enhanced the concen-trations of air pollutants during some pollution events.Mostly,the transboundary transport of air pollution from South Asia and Southeast Asia was associated with high concentrations of most air pollu-tants observed in southwestern China.Since air pollutants can be transported to southwestern China over long distances from the source regions,it is necessary to conduct more research to properly attribute and quantify transboundary transport of air pollutants,which will provide more solid scientific guidance for air pollution management in southwestern China.     

Development of tectonostratigraphy in distal part of foreland basin in southwestern Taiwan

In the young and active tectonic belt of southwestern Taiwan, reconstructed stratigraphy in the distal part of the foreland basin reveals at least two regional unconformities with the younger ones covering the areas farther from the mountain belt. In contrast with the previously proposed monotonous basin development, the temporal–spatial distribution of the unconformities indicates the back-and-forth migration of the foreland basin margin. Three distinct episodes of rapid subsidence during the foreland basin development have also been identified. The onset of the basin development can be well constrained by the initial rapid subsidence at 4.4–4.2 Ma, which happened only in the proximal part of the basin. This was followed by two younger episodes of rapid subsidence events at 2–1.8 Ma and 0.45 Ma, which were encountered initially in the areas progressively farther from the orogenic belt.We propose a model of episodic tectonic evolution in the distal part of the foreland basin in southwestern Taiwan. During each episode of rapid subsidence, uplifting that corresponds to the forebulge began with a concurrent rapid subsidence in the areas closer to the basin center and was followed by rapid subsidence and deposition of widespread strata onlapping toward the basin margin. Part of the widespread strata and its overlying deposits would be eroded in the beginning of the next episode when the forebulge shifted toward the orogenic belt. In general, rate of forebulge migrating away from the orogenic belt during the early stage was slower than that derived from a previously proposed kinematic model of a steady migration of the orogenic belt. This might be due to a rifted and weaker lithosphere beneath the foreland basin. Once the foreland basin migrated onto the less stretched lithosphere, the basin would expand rapidly into the craton.     

New achievements of 1:50 000 regional geological survey of three sheets including Jingnan in Guizhou Province

In order to find out the distribution of strata, rock, paleontology and Carlin-type gold desposits in Southwestern Guizhou Province, the authors developed the 1:50 000 regional geological survey of Jingnan sheet, Bajie sheet and Pojiao sheet using the new methods of digital geological mapping, modern geological theory and test methods. The results show that the strata graphical units were clarified and divided, and that 18 informal mapping units were established according to rock associations as well as animal and plant fossils. Marine reptile fossils--Ichthyosaurid were first found in shelf facies of late Early Triassic at Northwestern Youjiang Basin. Marine reptile fossils--Nothosaurus were also found in platform-edge reefs facies of Middle Triassic. 11 new mineralization occurrences were discovered, including 9 gold mineralization occurrences, 1 molybdenum mineralization occurrence and 1 collophanite mineralization occurrence. This paper also delineated three metallogenic prospective areas and one target area. The research can provide useful information for geological and mineral investigations and researches in this area.     

Integrating Geochemical and Geophysical Method in Coexistence of Oil and Potassium to Identify K-rich Brine:Research and Application in Southwestern Sichuan

正Lithology of Triassic in southwestern Sichuan is consistent with the whole basin,and there is no discussion about stratum division,the difference is stratum denudation which is made by the uplifting of Luzhou uplift,especially     

新疆西南天山低压高温变质带深熔时代及其地质意义

西南天山木扎尔特地区低压高温变质带主要出露片麻岩类、斜长角闪岩类和麻粒岩类三种岩石类型,由于受到深熔事件的影响在其内部形成了规模不一的长英质脉体,然而对这些深熔长英质脉体的时代还缺乏准确的限定。本文通过详细的岩相学、锆石阴极发光图像研究,采用LA-ICP-MS技术对3件长英质脉体不同锆石微区进行了U-Pb定年,进而探讨西南天山低压高温变质带的形成时间。长英质脉体中的新生锆石具有弱的振荡环带,低的Th/U比值,锆石形态学和内部结构也表明锆石结晶于与深熔作用有关的熔体中,长英质脉体获得的深熔时代为276.5±2.0Ma、272.0±1.7Ma、265.5±1.5Ma,其年龄范围代表了木扎尔特地区低压高温变质带的形成时间可能为早中二叠世,该年龄与区域上西南天山造山带广泛出现的碰撞后岩浆事件的时代相一致,表明早二叠世西南天山造山带已进入造山后伸展减薄的后碰撞造山演化阶段。同时获得一组集中分布的深熔长英质脉体421.8±3.2Ma的继承锆石年龄,该年龄与寄主岩石夕线石榴黑云斜长片麻岩一组主要的年龄峰值一致,表明长英质脉体可能来源于夕线石榴黑云斜长片麻岩的部分熔融作用,对应于南天山志留纪晚期的岩浆事件。     

南天山齐齐加纳克蛇绿混杂岩的SHRIMP年龄及其构造意义

齐齐加纳克蛇绿混杂岩位于中国新疆西南天山阔克萨彦岭地区,主要由辉石橄榄岩,橄榄辉石岩,橄榄玄武岩,辉长岩,辉绿岩,基性熔岩等组成。它们以一系列构造碎片近东西向产出,断续沿长约5km,宽约500m。本文应用SHRIMP方法对该蛇绿混杂岩中玄武岩中的锆石进行SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年,获得了399±4Ma的加权平均年龄,说明该蛇绿混杂岩形成于早泥盆世。结合前人的研究成果,我们推测齐齐加纳克蛇绿混杂岩与吉根蛇绿岩残片均为中亚造山带南天山蛇绿岩带的延伸,可能代表了一个多岛窄洋盆演化的产物,为南天山洋北向俯冲及其后的塔里木微板块与哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块陆陆碰撞形成的最后缝合带。     

新疆西南天山哈布腾苏一带高压-超高压变质基性岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义

新疆西南天山哈布腾苏地区的高压-超高压变质基性岩(榴辉岩和蓝片岩)主要以形态各异的岩块或构造透镜体形式产于其围岩变质沉积岩石榴多硅白云母片岩中.本文对这些变质基性岩进行了详细的岩石学、矿物学和地球化学研究,并对其原岩性质及区域构造演化进行了讨论.地球化学分析结果显示其原岩成分主要为拉斑玄武岩和少量碱性玄武岩.榴辉岩原岩可进一步划分为N-MORB(正常洋中脊玄武岩)、E-MORB(富集洋中脊玄武岩)和OIB(洋岛玄武岩)三种类型,而蓝片岩为OIB型.第一种榴辉岩具低的TiO2(1.00％ ～ 1.08％)、P2O5 (0.09％ ～0.15％)和∑REE(35.98×10-6 ～ 43.51×10-6)含量以及低的LREE/HREE(1.35 ～ 1.43)和(La/Yb)N(0.63 ～0.71)比值等特征,具有N-MORB属性,暗示其原岩可能来源于亏损的地幔源区,形成于大洋环境;第二种榴辉岩具有较高的Ti(TiO2=1.35％ ～2.25％)、P(P2O5 =0.05％ ～0.20％)和∑REE(60.10×10-6～ 77.35×10-6)含量和较高的LREE/HREE(1.25 ～2.43)、(La/Yb)N (0.52～1.52)比值,具有E-MORB特征;第三种榴辉岩TiO2含量为1.16％ ～2.86％,Zr/Y=5.32 ～ 7.78,∑REE=79.12×10-6 ～ 192.1×10-6,LREE/HREE =4.15 ～6.54,(La/Yb)N =3.77 ～9.44,其轻重稀土元素分异明显,显示OIB属性,暗示其原岩可能来源于富集地幔源区.而OIB型蓝片岩则富集TiO2(1.39％～2.86％)和∑REE(88.18×10-6～227.8×10-6)和具有相对高的(La/Yb)N(5.03～9.84)和Zr/Y(4.93 ～9.55)比值,这些特征与OIB型榴辉岩类似,暗示二者可能具有共同的岩浆源区.新疆西南天山哈布腾苏地区具MORB和OIB属性岩石组合的出现揭示该区早古生代曾发育有洋盆,其演化过程中可能受到结晶分异作用以及异源岩浆混合的影响,导致该区的变质基性岩元素地球化学特征具有MORB和OIB的亲缘性,暗示其原岩是在大洋中脊和临近洋岛共同作用背景下形成的.该区榴辉岩和蓝片岩的形成可能与先存洋壳残片经历高压-超高压变质作用及后期构造折返有关.