考虑荷载作用的沥青混合料冻融损伤特性研究

针对寒区道路工程中的沥青路面冻融受荷损伤问题,借助细观损伤力学和宏观统计随机损伤模型,建立了冻融与荷载耦合作用下的沥青混合料损伤本构关系和损伤演化方程;探讨了冻融循环次数、应变和油石比影响下的沥青混合料冻融受荷损伤劣化机理。研究表明：冻融循环疲劳损伤累积和荷载作用于带有微缺陷粗集料界面附近产生的应力集中加剧了沥青混合料总损伤劣化程度。冻融循环20次之后,损伤度变化不大,基本趋于恒定;相同损伤程度时,应变值随冻融次数的增加而减小。油石比对总损伤影响显著,当油石比相对较小时,以冻融破坏为主;当油石比较大时,以受荷破损为主。研究成果可为寒区沥青路面抗冻设计、性能评价及养护维修时机选择提供参考。     

Influence of size of granulated rubber and tyre chips on the shear strength characteristics of sand–rubber mix

Use of scrap tyres in isolation systems for seismic damping, requires a knowledge of the engineering properties of sand–rubber mixtures (SRM). The primary objective of this study is to assess the influence of granulated rubber and tyre chips size and the gradation of sand on the strength behaviour of SRM by carrying out large-scale direct shear tests. A large direct shear test has been carried out on SRM considering different granulated rubber and tyre chip sizes and compositions. The following properties were investigated to know the effect of granulated rubber on dry sand; peak shear stress, cohesion, friction angle, secant modulus and volumetric strain. From the experiments, it was determined that the major factors influencing the above-mentioned properties were granulated rubber and tyre chip sizes, percentage of rubber in SRM and the normal stress applied. It was observed that the peak strength was significantly increased with increasing granulated rubber size up to rubber size VI (passing 12.5 mm and retained on 9.5 mm), and by adding granulated rubber up to 30%. This study shows that granulated rubber size VI gives maximum shear strength values at 30% rubber content. It was also found that more uniformly graded sand gives an improved value of shear strength with the inclusion of granulated rubber when compared to poorly graded sand.     

Mathematical modeling of soil mixture flow surge and its application to coastal area

The purpose of this study is to investigate debris flow surge that is set up with a numerical model using governing equations applied by the dynamics of a liquid–solid mixture. This model is performed by applying the finite difference method to display elapses of time. To measure the behavior mechanisms of the debris flow surge, the following are analyzed: the flow discharge, flow depth, and sediment volume concentration at the end of downstream channel. The flow discharge and flow depth only surge right after the debris flow reaches the downstream channel as the berm width shortens. In contrast, as the berm width lengthens, the flow discharge and water flow recede. As the berm width decreases, the sediment concentration shows a high concentration and a great height difference at the inflection point. Vice versa, when the berm width increases, an inflection point can be seen, but it reveals a low concentration and a low height difference. The numerical model of this study was applied to the coast of South Korea and analyzed. This study will provide information in predicting disasters caused by debris flow and in planning for various counter measures to prevent disasters.     

土石混合体斜坡地质结构精细探测新途径及其应用

土石混合体滑坡具有分布范围广、发生频率高、规律性差等显著特点,是西部山区及其重大工程建设中最为常见的灾害类型之一,其内部复杂的土-石结构是构成该类滑坡防治困难的关键因素。为了获取土石混合体斜坡接近真实的地质结构,提出通过探窗组合法,即采用高分辨的地球物理勘探方法进行地质结构探测,并借助探坑土石结构的图像处理技术予以补充,以初步实现地质结构的精细探测及宏-细观结构模型的统一。应用该方法,对湖南省南岳区拜殿乡土石混合体斜坡进行地质结构探测,获得了该斜坡接近真实的精细地质模型。该研究方法可为揭示滑坡形成演化的结构控制机制提供基础,使滑坡的预测和防治工作更加科学合理。     

辽宁永宁地区含金刚石闪长质岩石显微特征及金刚石来源探讨

辽宁永宁地区发育一套闪长质火山岩，该岩石中曾选获金刚石及其指示矿物，因此成为辽宁省金刚石第Ⅳ成矿带。通过对该岩石矿物组成及其显微结构构造特征研究，表明：(1)闪长质岩石中的斑晶斜长石具有环带结构；(2)橄榄石及金云母具有多世代性，且目估橄榄石+金云母含量在10%以上，局部更为富集；(3)出现“橄榄石+金云母+石榴石”与“斜长石+辉石+角闪石”不平衡的矿物组合；(4)发现橄榄石有碎斑结构和金伯利岩角砾。初步认为，永宁地区的闪长质岩浆在上升过程中捕获了早先已形成的金伯利岩并与之发生熔融混合作用，金刚石来自于深部的金伯利岩。这一认识对该地区寻找金刚石原生矿具有启示意义。     

四川威远气田:幔壳混源成因的典型范例

威远气田位于四川盆地南部,受乐山-龙女寺背斜轴部构造控制.储集层为元古界震旦系灯影组白云岩夹薄层泥岩和陡山沱组泥岩,直接盖层为寒武系九老洞组泥岩,两者均为烃源岩,构成寒武系-震旦系含油气系统,基底为新元古代澄江期花岗岩.区内所有地层和花岗岩的裂隙中皆见有天然气.该气田是我国乃至全世界储集层最古老的大型气田,具有如下特征...