连云港某软土基坑滑坡分析与整治方法研究

针对连云港某软土基坑围护不当导致的基坑滑坡事故,采用钻探、取样、室内试验、水平位移监测等手段,查明基坑侧壁软土的物理、力学性质,分析滑坡产生的原因,通过多种方法综合确定基坑侧壁软土滑动带的位置,提出滑坡整治措施,并对整治结果进行分析验证。     

山东巨野煤田3煤顶底板软岩水稳性特征

从遇水作用后的结构状态稳定性角度,山东巨野煤田3煤顶底板软岩分为浸水碎解、泥化(Ⅰ类)、浸水裂解(Ⅱ类)和不崩解(Ⅲ类)3种水稳类型。应用X衍射和电镜扫描分析结果表明,这3种类型软岩的全岩物质成分、所含粘土矿物种类及含量都比较接近,但在微结构形态却差异明显,反映出其水稳性主要受控于微观结构。     

Pockmark-like depressions near the Goliat hydrocarbon field,Barents Sea: Morphology and genesis

Pockmarks are observed worldwide along the continental margins and are inferred to be indicators of fluid expulsion. In the present study, we have analysed multibeam bathymetry and 2D/3D seismic data from the south-western Barents Sea, in relation to gas hydrate stability field and sediment type, to examine pockmark genesis. Seismic attributes of the sediments at and beneath the seafloor have been analysed to study the factors related to pockmark formation. The seabed depths in the study area are just outside the methane hydrate stability field, but the presence of higher order hydrocarbon gases such as ethane and/or propane in the expelled fluids may cause localised gas hydrate formation. The selective occurrence of pockmarks in regions of specific seabed sediment types indicates that their formation is more closely related to the type of seabed sediment than the source path of fluid venting such as faults. The presence of high acoustic backscatter amplitudes at the centre of the pockmarks indicates harder/coarser sediments, likely linked to removal of soft material. The pockmarks show high seismic reflection amplitudes along their fringes indicating deposition of carbonates precipitated from upwelling fluids. High seismic amplitude gas anomalies underlying the region away from the pockmarks indicate active fluid flow from hydrocarbon source rocks beneath, which is blocked by overlying less permeable formations. In areas of consolidated sediments, the upward flow is limited to open fault locations, while soft sediment areas allow diffused flow of fluids and hence formation of pockmarks over a wider region, through removal of fine-grained material.     

滨海区海相沉积土压缩模量的试验研究

在滨海区海相沉积土地基的压缩性评价和计算中,压缩模量是一个重要的土性指标,尤其是在变形要求严格的工程中,对于压缩模量取值的研究具有重要意义。以我国北方某填海造地机场工程场区地基土为研究对象,进行原位测试和变形专项研究。在现场采用固定平台取土和测试,通过室内试验获取了各层土的室内试验压缩模量,通过旁压试验、静力触探试验等原位测试方法得到了各层土的相应的压缩模量。通过分析发现,两种原位测试方法得到的压缩模量,与室内试验自重应力下的压缩模量吻合度较好,说明采用固定平台进行测试,成果合理可靠。在具体的计算取值时,如原位测试数据样本充足,推荐以原位测试成果为主,再考虑室内试验自重应力下的压缩模量。     

粉喷桩施工引起的超孔隙水压力分析

依托江苏某省道软基处理工程对桩周土压力和超孔隙水压力进行现场测试。测试结果表明:粉喷桩施工过程中桩周土体同步产生较大超静孔隙水压力和土压力,随离桩距离增大而减小;施工完成后1小时内超孔隙水压力基本消散完毕;粉喷桩施工速度越快,土体中产生的超孔压越大;超孔压朝着施工方向累积,背着施工方向表现出遮蔽现象;跳打施工比顺序施工所产生的超孔压要小。通过改进施工速度、顺序、方向以及桩间距能有效地减小粉喷桩施工引起的超孔隙水压力。     

Numerical simulation of irregular section underground structure shaking table test model

Based on the the large shaking table test results on irregular section subway station structure in soft soil, an overall time-history numerical simulation is conducted to study the nonlinear dynamic interaction of the soil-irregular underground structure. Typical test results, including the acceleration of the soil, acceleration, and deformation of the structure, were analyzed. Satisfactory consistency between the simulation and test results is verified, and the difference between these results was discussed in detail. The maximum inter-story drift ratio was approximately 1/472 under input PGA ​= ​0.54 g. The strain responses of columns were significantly larger than those of the side walls and slabs. The components in the lower layers of the irregular subway station structure, particularly in the central columns, underwent cumulative damage. The research results could provide a simplified analysis method to quantitatively evaluate the damage of irregular underground structures in soft soil.     

基于平面应变模型分析碎石桩路基沉降

采用碎石桩处理软土地基的方法已在路基工程中得到广泛的应用。本文提出了基于非等应变假设的等效平面应变模型转换方法, 首先, 通过ABAQUS有限元软件建立桩土单元体的平面应变模型, 分别对等应变假设和非等应变假设两种情况进行模拟, 然后, 将模拟结果与前人合理的轴对称结果进行对比, 结果显示基于非等应变假设的模型模拟结果与轴对称结果更为吻合, 最后, 本研究依托某高原湿地高速公路工程, 运用两种等效平面应变转换模型建立碎石桩复合路基横断面二维模型, 将模拟结果分别与现场实测沉降值进行对比, 进一步证明了基于非等应变假设的转换模型更为合理。     

Performance of reinforced,DMM column-supported embankment considering reinforcement viscosity and subsoil’s decreasing hydraulic conductivity

It has been widely accepted that reinforcement made of polyethylene and polypropylene is susceptible to creep and soil’s hydraulic conductivity varies with its void ratio. However, unfortunately there is no available sensitivity analysis on time-dependent embankment behaviour taking either reinforcement viscosity or time varying hydraulic conductivity of subsoil into consideration. The influence of geosynthetic reinforcement viscosity and decreasing hydraulic conductivity with consolidation on the time-dependent performance of embankments with floating columns is investigated using a fully 3D coupled model. For an embankment at the working height corresponding to a post-consolidation polypropylene geotextile strain of about 5%, it is shown that the assumption of constant hydraulic conductivity and the failure to consider the viscous behaviour of geosynthetic reinforcement can underestimate time-dependent embankment deformations (including differential crest settlement and horizontal toe movement). The effects of factors including the foundation soil, reinforcement stiffness, column stiffness, column spacing, column type (floating and fully penetrating), and construction rate, on the time-dependent behaviour of column supported embankments are explored.