柴北缘锡铁山早古生代HP／UHP变质作用后的构造热事件——花岗岩和片麻岩的同位素与岩石地球化学证据

对柴达木盆地北缘锡铁山地区花岗岩中的锆石采用单颗粒锆石U-Pb法(TIMS)测年,谐合线上数据点给出的结果为428±1Ma,代表了花岗质岩浆的形成(上侵)时代.在锆石岩相学研究的基础上对围岩片麻岩中的锆石采用SHRIMP进行测年,10个点的Th/U比变化范围在0.01～0.08,表明锆石为变质成因,10个数据点给出的206Pb/238U表面年龄的加权平均值为435±7Ma,代表变质岩的变质年龄.两类岩石的锆石年龄在误差范围内一致,岩浆作用与变质作用时差很小.花岗岩地球化学特征表明岩体为Ⅰ型花岗岩,它的主量元素、稀土元素和微量元素特征与围岩片麻岩十分类似,表明花岗岩的源岩在成分上与围岩片麻岩相似.花岗岩的Nd模式年龄TDM=1.4～1.5Ga,围岩片麻岩的TDM=1.9～2.2Ga,暗示岩浆形成时有地幔物质的添加或混染.推测是由于地幔上隆使深部地壳岩石发生了部分熔融作用,形成花岗质岩浆时添加了地幔物质.锡铁山花岗岩是早古生代碰撞后伸展环境的产物.     

湘东北涧溪冲变质火山岩的Sm-Nd同位素年龄及其成因

最近的区域地质调查研究发现,湘东北地区原中元古代冷家溪群实际上应划分为4部分,它们均形成于不同的时代和不同的构造环境,将其中分离出的最老的基本无序的变质沉积—火山岩系建立为"涧溪冲岩群"。根据其岩石学、岩石地球化学及同位素年代学等方面的研究认为:"涧溪冲岩群"是变质火山岩夹变质粘土质沉积岩经构造叠置起来的变质岩系,属绿片岩相—高绿片岩相。变质火山岩的Sm Nd全岩等时线年龄为(2594±48)Ma,其形成的地质时代可能是新太古代。变质火山岩的原岩为在大洋拉张环境下形成的以拉斑玄武岩为主、钙碱性玄武岩次之的火山—次火山岩系,其物源为亏损地幔。     

对辽河油田地层划分和对比工作的一点看法

辽河油田的地层划分基本上是传统的地层划分方法，所以存在一些问题。笔者采用多重地层划分方法，对牛心坨—曙北地区的代表性探井，作了岩石地层和年代地层的划分和对比，说明了多重地层划分的必要性。     

东天山土屋-延东斑岩铜矿围岩的同位素年代和地球化学研究

东天山土屋-延东大型斑岩铜矿的成岩成矿时代及其构造背景还存在很大争议。本文报道了铜矿远矿围岩—企鹅山群的同位素年代和地球化学研究结果。研究表明,企鹅山群安山岩中锆石 SHRIMP U-Pb 谐和年龄值336.5±6.6Ma,玄武岩的透辉石、斜长石和全岩 Sm-Nd 内部等时线年龄值334±36Ma,两个结果一致地表明企鹅山群形成于早石炭世。元素地球化学研究表明,企鹅山群玄武岩样品属于岛弧拉斑玄武岩系列,其稀土元素配分模式显示轻稀土相对富集,重稀土相对亏损的右倾模式,与洋中脊玄武岩相比,具有大离子亲石元素相对富集、高场强元素相对亏损的特征,具有俯冲带岛弧火山岩的典型特征。构造环境判别图解也指示企鹅山群形成于俯冲带环境。本研究对土屋-延东大型斑岩铜矿的成岩成矿作用时代及其构造背景问题提供了重要制约。     

陕西省凤太矿集区柴蚂金矿床碳酸盐矿物的Sm-Nd同位素测年及意义

柴蚂金矿床位于陕西省凤太矿集区西北部,八卦庙超大型金矿床西侧约0.5km处,二者在成矿地质背景和控矿条件等方面均较为相似。该矿床共划分出5个含矿带,其产出位置受地层和构造联合控制。矿石类型有石英脉型和蚀变岩型,以石英脉型为主。成矿过程可划分为早期石英-碳酸盐阶段、主成矿期石英-碳酸盐-硫化物阶段和晚期石英阶段。本次工作对主成矿阶段的白云石、方解石等碳酸盐矿物进行了Sm-Nd同位素测年研究,获得等时线年龄为203.2±1.6Ma,表明矿床形成于晚三叠世。结合前人对区内金矿、岩浆岩和构造活动的研究认为,柴蚂金矿床是印支末期后碰撞过程中形成的造山型金矿床。     

Petrogenesis of 3.15 Ga old Banasandra komatiites from the Dharwar craton,India: Implications for early mantle heterogeneity

Spinifex-textured.magnesian(MgO 25 wt.%) komatiites from Mesoarchean Banasandra greenstone belt of the Sargur Group in the Dharwar craton,India were analysed for major and trace elements and~(147,146)Sm-~(143,142)Nd systematics to constrain age,petrogenesis and to understand the evolution of Archean mantle.Major and trace element ratios such as CaO/Al_2O_3.Al_2O_3/TiO_2,Gd/Yb,La/Nb and Nb/Y suggest aluminium undepleted to enriched compositional range for these komatiites.The depth of melting is estimated to be varying from 120 to 240 km and trace-element modelling indicates that the mantle source would have undergone multiple episodes of melting prior to the generation of magmas parental to these komatiites.Ten samples of these komatiites together with the published results of four samples from the same belt yield ~(147)Sm-~(143)Nd isochron age of ca.3.14 Ga with an initial ε_(Nd)(f) value of+3.5.High precision measurements of ~(142)Nd/~(144)Nd ratios were carried out for six komatiite samples along with standards AMES and La Jolla.All results are within uncertainties of the terrestrial samples.The absence of~(142)Nd/~(144)Nd anomaly indicates that the source of these komatiites formed after the extinction of ~(146)Sm,i.e.4.3 Ga ago.In order to evolve to the high ε_(Nd)(t) value of +3.5 by 3.14 Ga the time-integrated ratio of~(147)Sm/~(144)Nd should be 0.2178 at the minimum.This is higher than the ratios estimated,so far,for mantle during that time.These results indicate at least two events of mantle differentiation starting with the chondritic composition of the mantle.The first event occurred very early at ~4.53 Ga to create a global early depleted reservoir with superchondritic Sm/Nd ratio.The source of Isua greenstone rocks with positive ~(142)Nd anomaly was depleted during a second differentiation within the life time of ~(146)Sm,i.e.prior to 4.46 Ga.The source mantle of the Banasandra komatiite was a result of a differentiation event that occurred after the extinction of the ~(146)Sm,i.e.at 4.3 Ga and prior to 3.14 Ga.Banasandra komatiites therefore provide evidence for preservation of heterogeneities generated during mantle differentiation at4.3 Ga.     

岩石铷-锶和钐-钕同位素标准物质的研制

通常样品的87 Sr/86 Sr和143 Nd/144 Nd同位素比值分析采用SRM987、JNdi-1作为标准物质,它们分别是纯的碳酸盐和氧化物,适用于监控质谱测试过程.中国现有的钐-钕地质和铷-锶年龄标准物质,分别为玄武岩和钾长石,它们与很多地质样品的基质存在差别.仅有这两种基质的标准物质不能有效地监控不同地质样品...