对辽河油田地层划分和对比工作的一点看法

辽河油田的地层划分基本上是传统的地层划分方法，所以存在一些问题。笔者采用多重地层划分方法，对牛心坨—曙北地区的代表性探井，作了岩石地层和年代地层的划分和对比，说明了多重地层划分的必要性。     

Petrogenesis of 3.15 Ga old Banasandra komatiites from the Dharwar craton,India: Implications for early mantle heterogeneity

Spinifex-textured.magnesian(MgO 25 wt.%) komatiites from Mesoarchean Banasandra greenstone belt of the Sargur Group in the Dharwar craton,India were analysed for major and trace elements and~(147,146)Sm-~(143,142)Nd systematics to constrain age,petrogenesis and to understand the evolution of Archean mantle.Major and trace element ratios such as CaO/Al_2O_3.Al_2O_3/TiO_2,Gd/Yb,La/Nb and Nb/Y suggest aluminium undepleted to enriched compositional range for these komatiites.The depth of melting is estimated to be varying from 120 to 240 km and trace-element modelling indicates that the mantle source would have undergone multiple episodes of melting prior to the generation of magmas parental to these komatiites.Ten samples of these komatiites together with the published results of four samples from the same belt yield ~(147)Sm-~(143)Nd isochron age of ca.3.14 Ga with an initial ε_(Nd)(f) value of+3.5.High precision measurements of ~(142)Nd/~(144)Nd ratios were carried out for six komatiite samples along with standards AMES and La Jolla.All results are within uncertainties of the terrestrial samples.The absence of~(142)Nd/~(144)Nd anomaly indicates that the source of these komatiites formed after the extinction of ~(146)Sm,i.e.4.3 Ga ago.In order to evolve to the high ε_(Nd)(t) value of +3.5 by 3.14 Ga the time-integrated ratio of~(147)Sm/~(144)Nd should be 0.2178 at the minimum.This is higher than the ratios estimated,so far,for mantle during that time.These results indicate at least two events of mantle differentiation starting with the chondritic composition of the mantle.The first event occurred very early at ~4.53 Ga to create a global early depleted reservoir with superchondritic Sm/Nd ratio.The source of Isua greenstone rocks with positive ~(142)Nd anomaly was depleted during a second differentiation within the life time of ~(146)Sm,i.e.prior to 4.46 Ga.The source mantle of the Banasandra komatiite was a result of a differentiation event that occurred after the extinction of the ~(146)Sm,i.e.at 4.3 Ga and prior to 3.14 Ga.Banasandra komatiites therefore provide evidence for preservation of heterogeneities generated during mantle differentiation at4.3 Ga.     

西藏双湖地区蓝闪片岩原岩Sm－Nd同位素定年

西藏双湖纳若地区蓝片岩中青铝闪石40Ar/39Ar定年为222.5Ma,其原岩时代争论颇大,以往多数研究者认为早于泥盆纪,甚至为中新元古代,称阿木岗群。在1∶10万填图和实测剖面的基础上,系统采集了相关样品,获得了蓝片岩原岩Sm-Nd法等时线年龄分别为272±7Ma,268±5.6Ma和252±4.6Ma,结合区域地质条件和双湖地区蓝片岩的产状,认为双湖地区的蓝片岩原岩时代为二叠纪,将双湖地区原定为前泥盆纪或中新元古代阿木岗群时代重新划定为二叠纪,恰格勒拉蛇绿杂岩时代确定为早二叠世晚期,为龙木错—双湖古特提斯洋的演化提供了重要年代依据。     

东天山土屋-延东斑岩铜矿围岩的同位素年代和地球化学研究

东天山土屋-延东大型斑岩铜矿的成岩成矿时代及其构造背景还存在很大争议。本文报道了铜矿远矿围岩—企鹅山群的同位素年代和地球化学研究结果。研究表明,企鹅山群安山岩中锆石 SHRIMP U-Pb 谐和年龄值336.5±6.6Ma,玄武岩的透辉石、斜长石和全岩 Sm-Nd 内部等时线年龄值334±36Ma,两个结果一致地表明企鹅山群形成于早石炭世。元素地球化学研究表明,企鹅山群玄武岩样品属于岛弧拉斑玄武岩系列,其稀土元素配分模式显示轻稀土相对富集,重稀土相对亏损的右倾模式,与洋中脊玄武岩相比,具有大离子亲石元素相对富集、高场强元素相对亏损的特征,具有俯冲带岛弧火山岩的典型特征。构造环境判别图解也指示企鹅山群形成于俯冲带环境。本研究对土屋-延东大型斑岩铜矿的成岩成矿作用时代及其构造背景问题提供了重要制约。     

湖南益阳早前寒武纪镁铁质-超镁铁质火山岩的Sm-Nd同位素年龄

益阳地区出露的似层状 -层状镁铁质 -超镁铁质火山岩的时代归属有不同的观点。研究认为其主要岩石类型为玄武质科马提岩和拉斑玄武岩。岩石地球化学和同位素年龄显示 :玄武质科马提岩 Sm-Nd全岩等时线年龄为 ( 3 0 2 8± 47) Ma,属中、新太古代洋中脊 -岛弧火山岩 ;拉斑玄武岩年龄为 ( 2 2 1 6± 3 8) Ma,属古元古代。这一结果揭示了早前寒武纪在古扬子微板块(川中微板块 )东南有多岛弧洋盆 ,湖南深部地壳有绿岩基底。     

内蒙古贺根山地区蛇绿岩稀土元素和Sm－Nd同位素研究

贺根山地区蛇绿岩各类岩石的稀土元素地球化学特征表明其为上地幔部分熔融、分异演化的产物，其Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ等时线年龄为４０３±２７Ｍａ，εＮｄ（Ｔ）＝＋８．７±０．６，结合蛇绿岩套上部玄武岩和变火山熔岩的岩石化学研究，可以确认蛇绿岩来源于大洋中脊亏损的上地慢。     

陕西省凤太矿集区柴蚂金矿床碳酸盐矿物的Sm-Nd同位素测年及意义

柴蚂金矿床位于陕西省凤太矿集区西北部,八卦庙超大型金矿床西侧约0.5km处,二者在成矿地质背景和控矿条件等方面均较为相似。该矿床共划分出5个含矿带,其产出位置受地层和构造联合控制。矿石类型有石英脉型和蚀变岩型,以石英脉型为主。成矿过程可划分为早期石英-碳酸盐阶段、主成矿期石英-碳酸盐-硫化物阶段和晚期石英阶段。本次工作对主成矿阶段的白云石、方解石等碳酸盐矿物进行了Sm-Nd同位素测年研究,获得等时线年龄为203.2±1.6Ma,表明矿床形成于晚三叠世。结合前人对区内金矿、岩浆岩和构造活动的研究认为,柴蚂金矿床是印支末期后碰撞过程中形成的造山型金矿床。     

SHRIMP Zircon U-Pb Chronology and Geochemistry of the Henglingguan and Beiyu Granitoids in the Zhongtiao Mountains, Shanxi Province

Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic granitoids, distributed in the northwest of the Zhongtiaoshan Precambrian complex, comprise trondhjemites and calc-alkaline monzogranites, displaying intrusive contacts with the Archean Zhaizi TTG gneisses. And the Beiyu metamorphic granitoids consist mainly of trondhjemites, distributed at the core of the Hujiayu anticline fold. New SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating data show that the weighted mean ^207pb/^206pb ages are 2435.9 Ma and 2477 Ma for the Henglingguan metamorphic calc-alkaline monzogranites and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites, respectively, and reveal -2600 Ma inherited core in magmatic zircons. Whole-rock geochemical data indicate that all the Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites and calc- alkaline monzogranites belong to the metaluminous medium- and high-potassium calc-alkaline series. These rocks are characterized by relatively high total alkali contents （Na2O＋K2O, up to 9.08%）, depleted Nb, Ta, P and Ti, and right-declined REE patterns with moderate to high LREEs/HREEs fractionation （the mean ratio of （La/Yb）n = 25）. The Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites display negative Rb, Th and K anomalies in the multi-dement spider diagrams normalized by primitive mantle. Sm-Nd isotopic data reveal that these granitoids have initial εNd（t） =-1.2 to ＋2.4 and Nd depleted mantle model ages of TMD = 2622 Ma-2939 Ma. All these geochemical features indicate that these granitoids were formed in an continent-marginal arc, and the trondhjemites mainly originated from partial melting of juvenile basaltic materials and, howbeit, the Henglingguan metamorphic calc-alkaline monzogranites derived from recycling of materials in the ancient crust under a continent-marginal arc. The granitic magma underwent contamination and fractional crystallization during their formation.     

北秦岭花岗岩类形成的Sm-Nd 同位素分馏与混合作用

北秦岭从源岩到花岗岩类，花岗岩类的形成都以历了Sm-Nd分馏；花岗岩类的模式年龄不代表具体的壳-幔分异事件的年龄；S型花岗岩类是北秦岭地区变质陆源碎屑岩高程度（95%以上）部分熔融的产物，具最高的 Sm-Nd 模式年龄；以灰池子为代表的Ⅰ型花岗岩类是由变质基性岩类（近30%）部分熔融产生的熔浆与变质源碎屑岩高程度熔融产生的熔浆以前者占大约70%的比例混合形成，应为Ⅰ-S型，其Sm-Nd模式年龄一般在1Ga左右，这一年龄既不代表北秦岭地区平均的壳-幔分离时间，又不代表具体的壳-幔分离事件。     

河北省赤城县小张家口超基性岩体主要特征和时代

小张家口超基性岩体是华北板块北缘超基性岩带的一个典型岩体，岩相分带明显，由透辉岩、闪辉岩、二辉岩和纯橄岩组成，主要矿物组成包括透辉石、贵橄榄石、角闪石等。化学成分上富ＦｅＯ、ＣａＯ而贫ＭｇＯ，ｍ／ｆ平均２．２１，属铁质或富铁质超基性岩。稀土分布形式为轻稀土富集型，具不显著的负铕异常，微量元素以富含不相容元素Ｒｂ、Ｔｉ、Ｓｒ、Ｖ等而贫Ｃｒ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ等相容元素为特征。Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ等时年龄１８３７Ｍａ，Ｎｄ（ｔ）为十１０．７２。该岩体由亏损型地幔部分熔融所产生的岩浆经结晶分异作用而形成。